US3473268A - Method and apparatus for cleaning metal objects - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for cleaning metal objects Download PDF

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Publication number
US3473268A
US3473268A US535783A US3473268DA US3473268A US 3473268 A US3473268 A US 3473268A US 535783 A US535783 A US 535783A US 3473268D A US3473268D A US 3473268DA US 3473268 A US3473268 A US 3473268A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
drum
cleaning
cover
blasting medium
workpieces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US535783A
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English (en)
Inventor
Max Graf
Martin Weis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
    • B24B3/24—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of drills
    • B24B3/26—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of drills of the point of twist drills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/18—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions
    • B24C3/26—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions the work being supported by barrel cages, i.e. tumblers; Gimbal mountings therefor

Definitions

  • the workpieces are blasted within a cleaning drum which is rotatable about an obliquely inclined axis, and the materials to be cleaned are inserted into and discharged from the drum through separate openings, the inlet opening of which is located on the upper front side and the discharge opening within the lower part of the outer wall of the drum.
  • the invention provides that, when the blasting operation is completed, the continuously revolving cleaning drum is emptied of its contents through an opening in the lower end of the drum which is adapted to be closed by a discharge cover.
  • a discharge cover in the form of a part of the bottom of the drum which is adapted to be pivoted away from the drum and, after the cleaned workpieces have been discharged from the drum, to be pivoted back against the drum so as to close the discharge opening.
  • Another feature of the invention provides that, after the discharge opening has been closed, a new load of workpieces which are to be blasted within the drum is inserted into the latter through an inlet opening in the upper end of the drum which is adapted to be opened and closed by another cover.
  • the operations of loading and emptying the drum may be carried out according to the invention during the continuous rotation of the centrifugal wheel.
  • An important advantage of the inventive method over the previous methods is that it avoids the time-wasting operation of stopping the cleaning drum whenever a new load of workpieces is inserted and of then again starting the drum, and of also stopping and starting the centrifugal wheel. This results in a considerable reduction in the total length of time required for each load of workpieces to be cleaned and thus in a considerable saving of energy.
  • the part of the drum bottom which forms the discharge cover and is adapted to be pivoted for opening the drum will be opened automatically already at a time when it is located in an angular position of 30 to 120 before reaching its lowest position, and that this cover will also be closed automatically when it is in an angular position of 30 to 120 after passing through its lowest position.
  • the continuously revolving cleaning drum is therefore emptied of its contents while its discharge opening passes through an angle of about 60 to about 240 symmetrically to its lowest position during each revolution of the drum.
  • a stationary supply bin is preferably mounted above the upper end of the drum and provided at its lower side with a pivotable loading cover for the cleaning drum which is adapted to open and close an inlet opening in a stationary plate which covers the upper end of the cleaning drum.
  • the loading cover may be operated in the same manner as the discharge cover by a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder which may be controlled automatically by time-controlled or other suitable means.
  • the means for automatically controlling the supply of blasting medium to the centrifugal wheel in accordance with the operative positions of the loading cover and discharge cover may be of any suitable conventional type. They should be designed so as to effect a supply of blasting medium to the centrifugal wheel when the loading cover as well as the discharge cover on the drum bottom are closed, and to interrupt the supply of blasting medium to the centrifugal wheel when the loading cover and/or the discharge cover are opened.
  • the apparatus according to the invention may be further provided with suitable means for locking the loading cover and the discharge cover relative to each other so that whenever one of these covers is opened, the other cover will remain locked.
  • This cleaning machine comprises a cleaning drum 1 which is mounted so as to be rotatable about an inclined axis extending at an angle of 15 to 45 to the horizontal and which is adapted to be driven at any desired speed by suitable driving means 18. Above the upper end of drum 1 and coaxially thereto a centrifugal wheel 2 is provided which is adapted to direct a current of cleaning material into the drum and upon the workpieces therein so as to clean the same.
  • the upper opening 3 of drum 1 is covered by a stationary plate 4 which partly consists of a loading cover 6 which is pivotable about an axis and closes a supply bin 7 which is mounted in a stationary position above drum 1.
  • the lower end or bottom of the drum consists of two parts 8 and 9 which are obliquely inclined to each other and project toward the outside of the drum.
  • the bottom part 8 is rigidly secured to the wall of drum 1 and also to a housing 10 which extends underneath the drum and coaxially thereto and forms a support for the drum.
  • the other bottom part 9 which forms a discharge cover is adapted to be held in its closed position by a onearmed lever 11 which is pivotably connected to the housing 10 by a bearing member 13 and adapted to be pivoted by a piston rod 12', the piston of which is slidable within a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 12.
  • a connecting link is pivotably mounted at one end on lever 11 by a pivot bearing 14 and connected at its other end to piston rod 12' by a bearing 14 so as to be freely rotatable about the axis of cylinder 12 and piston rod 12'.
  • Cylinder 12 is nonrotatable about its axis but pivotable in all directions by being connected to a universal joint 15 which is mounted in a fixed position.
  • Housing 10 is mounted on and guided by an annular anti-friction bearing 16 and adapted to rotate together with drum 1, its bottom 8, 9, and lever 11 about the axis of drum 1.
  • the bottom 8, 9 of the drum is partly or entirely perforated at 19 so as to permit the blasting medium to escape from the drum and to drop through the bottom 8, 9 upon suitable conveying means 17 underneath the drum and then to be conveyed away by these means.
  • the mode of operation of the cleaning machine is as follows:
  • the workpieces to be cleaned are inserted into the continuously revolving drum 1 through the upper opening 3.
  • the supply of blasting medium to the centrifugal wheel 2 is started by actuator 20 opening blasting medium supply means valve 21 which also revolves while the drum is being charged.
  • the discharge cover 9 of the drum bottom is opened by the operation of the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 12, and the piston rod 12.
  • the supply of the blasting medium to the centrifugal wheel 2 is interrupted by conventional control means 22 that controls operation of motor 23 that drives centrifugal Wheel 2.
  • the opening movement of the drum bottom is likewise controlled by conventional means 24, comprising an abutment mounted on the drum 1 for rotation therewith and stationary switches, which move the piston rod 12' so as to permit the discharge cover 9 to open automatically when it is in an angular position of 30 to 120 before it reaches its lowest position.
  • the blasted workpieces will then slide out of the drum and upon suitable conveying means 17 which are disposed underneath the discharge cover 9.
  • the discharge cover 9 is again in an angular position of 30 to after passing beyond its lowest position, it is closed by piston rod 12.
  • the loading cover 6 on the supply bin 7 is opened and a new load of workpieces is fed into the drum. After the loading cover 6 has been closed, the supply of blasting medium to the centrifugal wheel 2 is again started.
  • the cleaning machine as previously described may be designed so as to be operated by hand, in which case the advantages are attained as are previously mentioned.
  • suitable means 20, 21, 22 and 25 may be provided for preventing the supply of blasting medium from starting while the loading cover 6 and/or the discharge cover 9 is opened.
  • Further safety measures which may be provided may consist of conventional means including 22, 25 for locking the loading cover 6 and the discharge cover 9 relative to each other in such a manner that the loading cover 6 can be opened only when the discharge cover 9 is closed and the latter can be opened only when the loading cover 6 is closed.
  • An apparatus for cleaning objects by blasting them with a blasting medium comprising a cleaning drum mounted so as to be rotatable about an obliquely inclined axis, means for rotating said drum continuously, said drum having an inlet opening at its upper end and a drum bottom at its lower end, a stationary supply bin above said upper end of said drum, a pivotable loading cover for opening said supply bin toward said inlet opening so as to load said drum and for then closing said bin, at least a part of said drum bottom being pivotable toward the outside of said drum so as to open the same for emptying said drum, a centrifugal wheel adjacent to said inlet opening, and means for intermittently supplying a blasting medium to said centrifugal wheel for propelling said medium into said drum for cleaning each load of workpieces therein.
  • drum bottom consists of two parts which are inclined at an angle to each other toward the outside of said drum, one of said parts being rigidly secured to the side wall of said drum, and the other part forming a discharge cover, a one-armed lever pivotably mounted at one end on said drum so as to be rotatable therewith, said discharge cover being mounted on the other end of said lever, 21 unit comprising a cylinder and a piston slidable within said cylinder and having a piston rod thereon connected to said lever for pivoting the same so as at least to close said discharge cover when said piston is acted upon a pressure medium.
  • An apparatus as defined in claim 2 further comprising a housing supporting said drum and rigidly secured to said bottom part which is rigidly connected to the side wall of said drum, an annular antifriction bearing for rotatably mounting and guiding said housing and said drum thereon, and a universal joint mounted in a fixed position, said cylinder being connected at its lower end to said universal joint so as to be nonrotatable but pivotable in all directions.
  • An apparatus as defined in claim 2 further comprising means for automatically controlling the supply of blasting medium to said centrifugal wheel in accordance with the operating positions of said loading and discharge covers and for eifecting the supply of blasting medium to said centrifugal wheel when said drum bottom is closed and for interrupting the sup-ply of blasting medium when at least said loading cover is opened.
  • a method for the accelerated charging and discharging of a blast cleaning machine having an inclined drum, an elevated inlet opening, a lower discharge opening and a fan blower for supplying the blasting medium to the drum comprising the steps of: continuously rotating the drum during the complete method; continuously rotating the fan blower during the complete method; charging the drum with a batch of material to be treated; supplying blasting medium to the continuously rotating fan blower after the charging of the drum and after a predetermined time discontinuing the supply of the blasting medium to the fan blower; thereafter, discharging the treated material from the lower discharge opening of the continuously rotating drum.
  • the method according to claim 8 including the steps of closing the inlet opening after the charging of the drum and before the supplying of the blasting medium; closing the discharge opening prior to the subsequent supplying of blasting medium.
  • An apparatus for cleaning objects by blasting them with a blasting medium comprising: a cleaning drum mounted to be rotatable about an obliquely inclined axis; means for continuously rotating said drum; said drum having an inlet opening at its upper end and an outlet opening at its bottom end; means for selectively opening and closing said outlet opening during the continuous rotation of said drum.
  • the apparatus according to claim 10 including a continuously rotating means for propelling blasting medium into the drum; means for selectively supplying blasting medium to said last mentioned continuously rotating means only when said outlet opening is closed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
US535783A 1965-03-23 1966-03-21 Method and apparatus for cleaning metal objects Expired - Lifetime US3473268A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB0081118 1965-03-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3473268A true US3473268A (en) 1969-10-21

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US535783A Expired - Lifetime US3473268A (en) 1965-03-23 1966-03-21 Method and apparatus for cleaning metal objects

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US (1) US3473268A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
CH (1) CH453938A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE1477964B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1132372A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
NL (1) NL6603313A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4598501A (en) * 1983-10-28 1986-07-08 Aga Ab Cryogen shot blast deflashing system with bellows return conduit
US4648214A (en) * 1983-10-28 1987-03-10 Aga Ab Cryogen shot blast deflashing system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR930006788B1 (ko) * 1986-04-07 1993-07-23 가쓰지 쓰쓰미 세정장치

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1462295A (en) * 1918-11-14 1923-07-17 W W Sly Mfg Company Sand-blast apparatus
GB434712A (en) * 1935-05-14 1935-09-06 Walter Schemmann Improvements in apparatus for cleaning and descaling castings and the like
US2116160A (en) * 1935-10-22 1938-05-03 Pangborn Corp Abrading apparatus
US2131260A (en) * 1938-01-12 1938-09-27 Victor Metal Products Corp Tumbler
US3103766A (en) * 1961-01-26 1963-09-17 Bell Intercontinental Corp Core cleanup and blast machine

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE99677C (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) *
GB968748A (en) * 1962-06-20 1964-09-02 Richardson Engineering Birming Improvements in barrel apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1462295A (en) * 1918-11-14 1923-07-17 W W Sly Mfg Company Sand-blast apparatus
GB434712A (en) * 1935-05-14 1935-09-06 Walter Schemmann Improvements in apparatus for cleaning and descaling castings and the like
US2116160A (en) * 1935-10-22 1938-05-03 Pangborn Corp Abrading apparatus
US2131260A (en) * 1938-01-12 1938-09-27 Victor Metal Products Corp Tumbler
US3103766A (en) * 1961-01-26 1963-09-17 Bell Intercontinental Corp Core cleanup and blast machine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4598501A (en) * 1983-10-28 1986-07-08 Aga Ab Cryogen shot blast deflashing system with bellows return conduit
US4648214A (en) * 1983-10-28 1987-03-10 Aga Ab Cryogen shot blast deflashing system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6603313A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1966-09-26
GB1132372A (en) 1968-10-30
CH453938A (de) 1968-03-31
DE1477964B1 (de) 1969-09-04

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