US3468690A - Form boards and coatings therefor - Google Patents
Form boards and coatings therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3468690A US3468690A US3468690DA US3468690A US 3468690 A US3468690 A US 3468690A US 3468690D A US3468690D A US 3468690DA US 3468690 A US3468690 A US 3468690A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- concrete
- urethane
- panel
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
- E04G9/05—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of plastics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249994—Composite having a component wherein a constituent is liquid or is contained within preformed walls [e.g., impregnant-filled, previously void containing component, etc.]
- Y10T428/249995—Constituent is in liquid form
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31511—Of epoxy ether
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31591—Next to cellulosic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31844—Of natural gum, rosin, natural oil or lac
- Y10T428/31848—Next to cellulosic
- Y10T428/31851—Natural oil
Definitions
- This invention is a continuation-in-part and an improvement on my invention described in application Ser. No. 133,052, filed Aug. 22, 1961, now Patent No. 3,240,618.
- the present invention is broadly concerned with an improved board and specialized coatings for utilization as a concrete and hydraulic cement molding or forming board and with its method of manufacture.
- the invention is more particularly concerned with an improved concrete form board of any materials, shape or construction which has increased mechanical strength and life, and which will impart to the formed concrete a very desirable uniformly smooth surface.
- the form board of this invention has greatly improved parting or separation characteristics and, thus, may be readily and easily removed and separated from the hardened concrete with no deleterious effects either on the cement or on the board.
- the present concrete form board is further characterized by having a factory or field applied unique plastic coating, which coating is hard and yet flexible.
- the coating is slightly porous, has a high resistance to damage by impact as well as abrasion resistance. It will very effectively resist the effects of water and chemicals, such as the various alkalies and the like which are encountered in concrete work.
- the improved panels of the present invention comprise a fibrous, cementasbestos or other type board coated or impregnated with an oil, preferably a hydrocarbon oil, and surfaced either before or after oiling, with a polymer coating, preferably a urethane type coating, or a blend of the oil and polymer.
- one type of wood surfacing material that has been used in the past has been conventional plywood panels which have been surface treated with various mold releasing agents as, for example, a paraflinic type oil.
- paraflinic type oils are produced from paraffin crudes and generally have a viscosity in the range from about 10 to 30 SAE.
- a preferred gravity is one that has SAE viscosity of about 20.
- an improved concrete forming panel is prepared which has a longer life than those panels heretofore used, and furthermore produces a smooth pleasing finish on the form concrete. Furthermore, the panel of the present invention has a parting or separation action which outlasts the mechanical life of the plywood which permits its reuse many many times without further treatment.
- the panel of the present invention imparts to the formed concrete a very desirable gloss and velvety smooth surface without staining of the concrete. These panels likewise are also attractive as a well-varnished piece of finished wood and are highly resistant to alkalies, abrasion, and impact.
- the factory coating imparted to the plywood panel has excellent adhesion and will not peel or otherwise deteriorate under adverse conditions or under extended used. These panels do not collect dirt, and are clean thereby giving them a pleasing appearance and making them clean handling.
- a very desirable feature of the present invention is that the panels may be readily repaired in the field if defects are encountered.
- the plywood boards may be any type of plywood. However, the preferred type of plywood forming board is 21. Douglas Fir plywood as defined in Douglas Fir Plywood Commercial Standard CS45-60 (tenth edition-- supersedes CS45-55), section one-A, reversed Nov. 14, 1960.
- one preferred plywood panel of the present invention comprises an exterior, BB grade Douglas Fir plywood panel manufactured to the required thickness as, for example, in the range from to Vs", preferably in thickness.
- the inner ply may comprise a C grade of ply of the desired thickness.
- the preferred panel is an exterior B--B grade Douglas fir, it is to be understood that other grades of fir plywood may be utilized as, for example, Grades A, C, D, and the like.
- any kind of plain surface may be used, such as, lumber, fiberboards and hardboards of different densities, and even particle boards, insulation boards, and cementasbestos boards; the latter three type performing less efiiciently than the other types.
- the board is trimmed and sanded and then oiled in a conventional manner with a form oil.
- the oil may be applied to the panel in any desirable manner, such as by spraying or by dipping, so as to secure the desired coating or impregnation of the panel.
- the form oil is preferably a paraflinic type hydrocarbon oil having an SAE viscosity in the range from about 10 to 30, an A.P.I. gravity of 20 to 30, and a flash in the range from about 315 to 330 F.
- One satisfactory oil for treating the panel comprises a pale oil having the following specifications:
- Panels using this treatment are far superior to other products either from a cost standpoint or quality standpoint.
- Plyforrn American Plywood Association trademark
- medium density and high density overlaid plywood needs cleaning and re-oiling after each pour.
- Form oils and waxes are low cost solutions, but are applied in the field and are good for one release only.
- Liquid coatings are field applied lacquers which require no oiling. Coating is good for three to four uses, but then must be reapplied. More expensive, field applied epoxies will last for the life of the panel, but require oiling after the initial three pours and each pour thereafter.
- Self-oiling epoxy coating such as Shell Form T (Shell Chemical Company trademark) is a field applied epoxy coating with a dry film 6 to 8 mils thick. The coating lasts for the life of the panel and possibly requires no re-oiling. However, the cost of the coating alone is twenty cents a square foot.
- any method of coating or impregnating may be used, but a unique method of applying the urethane coating has been developed. This involves spraying the resin and catalyst from separate spray guns mounted so that they mix at the panel surface. This method of application reduces the drying time of urethane coating from fifteen to six minutes, allowing the coated panels to be stacked as they leave the finishing line.
- the panel of the present invention has greatly improved characteristics over panels which have been treated either with polyurethane alone or with form oil alone. For example, tests have shown that if the polyurethane is applied to unoiled plywood, not more than four pourings of concrete may be made against the polyurethane finish before hang-up begins to occur, and as a matter of fact, only the first and second partings are reasonably clear.
- the form board and the method of manufacture as described herein is unique in that no adhesion was expected to be obtained in applying the polyurethane to oiled plywood, and secondly, having obtained adhesion, it was not expected that continual parting could be secured between the form board and the concrete without further reoiling.
- SAE 10 to SAE 50 may be dispersed in the prepolymer to the extent of 210% based upon prepolymer solids. Optimum oil level is 5% in this application. The optimum SAE value is 10.
- the above Spenkel M8650CX has certain properties indicated by its formula. M indicates it is moisture cured. SOCX shows that it contains 50% non volatile materials, and that the solvents consist of equal parts by Weight of Cellosolve (Union Carbide Corporation trademark), acetate and oxylene.
- Spenkel M8650CX Other properties of Spenkel M8650CX are the following: weight per gallon: 8.58.7 lbs.; percent isocyanate: 3.8% minimum, 4.2% average; percent free toluene diisocyanate, less than 1%; drying time, 15 minutes at 120 F. and relative humidity without a catalyst.
- Oil distribution gradient, if any, within successive plies The question as to whether oiling could be effective only within the face and back veneers because of the blocking of oil penetration into the interior plies by the glue lines was investigated. Hexane extractions of each ply of the five plies in Lubriform indicated that the applied oil was almost evenly distributed through the thickness of the panel. Voids of appreciable size undoubtedly occur in the glue line.
- exterior glues such as Monsanto Exterior Formula PF 303W (Monsanto Corporation trademark) contain about 40% total solids when applied. Of this 40%, fully one-third consists of Furafil (Quaker Oats Company trademark), wheat flour, blood extender and alkalis.
- the ionic nature of the alkaline hydroxides, Ca(OH) and Mg(OH) results in partial dissociation and in formation of a moderate excess of hydroxyl ions in water solution. Such mild alkaline conditions are unlikely to damage the urethane film at the linkage.
- the hydroxyl groups are far more likely to neutralize other acidic components, such as polyphenols from the wood of air entraining phenolic resins.
- the oil molecules which have considerable molecular chain length and more widely distributed electrostatic charges, are less likely to hold water of neutralization by hydrogen bonding.
- the aluminate and silicate salts have a greater aflinity for water than for cellulose. A reaction resulting in the formation of ionic crystalline hydrates goes more to completion than does the relatively weak hydrogen bonding of water to cellulose. In the same Way, hydrogen bonding to the oil molecules or to the urethane film is negligible.
- Dabco catalyst speeds the set time.
- Dabco is a tertiary amine. Its chemical name is 1,4- diaza(2,2,2)bicyclooctane (sometimes referred to as triethylene diamine) whose structure is well known. Dabcos catalytic effect is more powerful than would be predicted from its base strength. It is observed that the configuration of the molecule is such that the nitrogen atoms are not sterically hindered, permitting it to form a transition state complex more readily. For example, triethylenediamine catalyzes the phenyl isocyanate-butanol reaction at 70 C. in dioxane solution more rapidly than triethylamine and N-methyl morpholine.
- the ratio of catalytic activity calculated at 1.0 mole percent of catalyst in this reac- No catalyst can also be catalyzed by other materials than tertiary amines. Isocyanate-hydroxyl reactions have been accelerated by such materials as dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, lead oleate, lithium acetate, stannic chloride, dibutyltin sulfide, cadmium nitrate, ferrocene, triphenyl antimony, zirconium naphthenate, tributyl phosphine and many others. Some, though not all, can accelerate the isocyanate and water reaction.
- metallic naphthenates of lead, zinc, cobalt, copper, nickel and manganese can be used, often in conjunction with Da'bco (triethylenediamine).
- Da'bco triethylenediamine
- the film applied to our concrete form material may be regarded also as a thin foam.
- the reaction product is an isocyanate-terminated urethane prepolymer.
- the reaction of the isocyanate-terminated urethane prepolymer with Water is then carried out in my production process.
- the polyols may be such materials as neopentyl glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,4-butanediol or 1,3-butanediol. Diols and triols may be used to increase flexibility if desired.
- triol l TD1 .25 trio1 1 If the TDl/triol ratio exceeds 4.5, then residual NCO will "be irritating and possibly toxic. If this ratio is much less than 4.0, gelation of the prepolymer will occur, giving poor pot lift.
- Improved panel which comprises a fibrous board, said fibrous board being hardboard and characterized by having at least one surface coated with form oil and wherein a porous polyurethane film containing form oil in an amount of 2 to 12 /2 therein based upon prepolymer urethane solids is adhered to the oil coated surface.
- Improved panel which comprises a fibrous board characterized by having at least one surface coated with form oil and wherein a porous polyurethane film containing form oil in an amount of 2 to 12 /2% therein based upon prepolymer urethane solids is adhered to the oil coated surface, and wherein said panel is hardboard and said oil is a parafiinic type hydrocarbon oil having an SAE viscosity in the range from about 10 to 30 grade, A.P.I. gravity in the range from about 10 to 30, and a flash point in the range from about 315 to 330 F.
- a fibrous panel to mold concrete having its surface plies saturated with form oil, said form oil comprising a multitude of coats, a polyurethane coating applied over said form oil coatings, said polyurethane including dissolved form oil in an amount of 2 to 12 /2 therein based upon prepolymer urethane solids for better releasing properties, and a catalyst for faster setting and tack free time.
- a fibrous panel to mold concrete having its surface plies saturated with form oil, said form oil comprising a multitude of coats, a polyurethane coating containing form oil in an amount of 2 to 12 /2 therein based upon prepolymer urethane solids applied over said form oil coatings, said polyurethane being in the range of 1 mil to 4 mils in thickness including dissolved oil for better releasing properties, and .a catalyst for faster setting and tack free time.
- a fibrous panel to mold concrete having both its surface plies and its inner plies saturated with form oil in the range of SAE -50, said form oil comprising a multitude of coats, a polyurethane coating contained additional quantities of said form oil in an amount of 2 to 12 /2 therein based upon prepolymer urethane solids applied over said form oil coatings, said polyurethane being in the range of 1 mil to 4 mils in thickness including dissolved oil for better releasing properties.
- Method of preparing an improved concrete form board having superior parting characteristics which comprises coating a panel with form oil and thereafter applying a polyurethane coating to said oil-coated surface, the polyurethane coating containing 2 to 12 /2% of form oil based upon prepolymer urethane solids.
- polyurethane coating is prepared by reacting a prepolymer having free isocyanate groups with cross-linking agent.
- crosslinking agent is taken from the group consisting of monomeric polyol and polyamine.
- crosslinking agent is a monomeric polyol.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Description
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US133052A US3240618A (en) | 1961-08-22 | 1961-08-22 | Concrete form panels |
US50506065A | 1965-10-24 | 1965-10-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3468690A true US3468690A (en) | 1969-09-23 |
Family
ID=26830988
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US3468690D Expired - Lifetime US3468690A (en) | 1961-08-22 | 1965-10-24 | Form boards and coatings therefor |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3468690A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3765934A (en) * | 1970-04-28 | 1973-10-16 | Champion Int Corp | Process for impregnating porous, cellulosic material by in situ polymerization of styrene-maleic anhydride complex |
US4083526A (en) * | 1976-09-27 | 1978-04-11 | Alton Box Board Company | Paperboard tube concrete forms |
EP0401551A1 (en) * | 1989-06-08 | 1990-12-12 | hewa bauschalungs gmbh | Method and product for coating shuttering panels |
US5464680A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1995-11-07 | Worldtech Coatings, Inc. | Plastic-coated concrete form panel |
US20060057393A1 (en) * | 2004-09-13 | 2006-03-16 | Soluol, Inc., a corporation of the State of Rhode Island | VOC-free polyurethane coating composition |
WO2008155244A2 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-24 | Ilpa S.R.L. Industria Legno Pasotti S.R.L. | Panel for making poured concrete forms or the like |
US11053698B2 (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2021-07-06 | Smartering Gmbh | Formwork element with signal module for transmitting separating agent content of a separating agent reservoir layer |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2939851A (en) * | 1957-05-23 | 1960-06-07 | Houdry Process Corp | Preparation of urethanes wherein triethylene diamine is used as the catalyst |
US3091551A (en) * | 1959-01-26 | 1963-05-28 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Process of spraying a polyether-based polyurethane foam |
US3190842A (en) * | 1960-08-11 | 1965-06-22 | Gen Electric | Preparation of open cell polyurethane foam having an inert liquid entrapped therein |
-
1965
- 1965-10-24 US US3468690D patent/US3468690A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2939851A (en) * | 1957-05-23 | 1960-06-07 | Houdry Process Corp | Preparation of urethanes wherein triethylene diamine is used as the catalyst |
US3091551A (en) * | 1959-01-26 | 1963-05-28 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Process of spraying a polyether-based polyurethane foam |
US3190842A (en) * | 1960-08-11 | 1965-06-22 | Gen Electric | Preparation of open cell polyurethane foam having an inert liquid entrapped therein |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3765934A (en) * | 1970-04-28 | 1973-10-16 | Champion Int Corp | Process for impregnating porous, cellulosic material by in situ polymerization of styrene-maleic anhydride complex |
US4083526A (en) * | 1976-09-27 | 1978-04-11 | Alton Box Board Company | Paperboard tube concrete forms |
EP0401551A1 (en) * | 1989-06-08 | 1990-12-12 | hewa bauschalungs gmbh | Method and product for coating shuttering panels |
US5464680A (en) * | 1991-01-25 | 1995-11-07 | Worldtech Coatings, Inc. | Plastic-coated concrete form panel |
US20060057393A1 (en) * | 2004-09-13 | 2006-03-16 | Soluol, Inc., a corporation of the State of Rhode Island | VOC-free polyurethane coating composition |
WO2008155244A2 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-24 | Ilpa S.R.L. Industria Legno Pasotti S.R.L. | Panel for making poured concrete forms or the like |
WO2008155244A3 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2009-02-26 | Ilpa S R L Ind Legno Pasotti S | Panel for making poured concrete forms or the like |
US11053698B2 (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2021-07-06 | Smartering Gmbh | Formwork element with signal module for transmitting separating agent content of a separating agent reservoir layer |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SECURITY PACIFIC BUSINESS CREDIT INC., 10680 TREEN Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:U.S. PLYWOOD CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004480/0584 Effective date: 19850828 Owner name: U.S. PLYWOOD CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CHAMPION INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION A CORP OF NEW YORK;REEL/FRAME:004476/0458 Effective date: 19850828 Owner name: U.S. PLYWOOD CORPORATION, ONE CHAMPION PLAZA, STAM Free format text: LICENSE;ASSIGNOR:SECURITY PACIFIC BUSINESS CREDIT INC., A DE CORP;REEL/FRAME:004480/0602 Effective date: 19850828 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: U.S. PLYWOOD CORPORATION, CONNECTICUT Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:SECURITY PACIFIC BUSINESS CREDIT INC.;REEL/FRAME:005219/0021 Effective date: 19870828 |