US3462720A

US3462720A - Magnetic assembly for filtering

Info

Publication number: US3462720A
Application number: US615976A
Authority: US
Inventors: Saburo Miyata
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1967-02-14
Filing date: 1967-02-14
Publication date: 1969-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 1986-08-19

Description

9, 1969 SABURO MIYATA MAGNETIC ASSEMBLY FOR FILTERING Filed Feb. 14, 1967 r r I /////l//// ml s S s s sf [All I FIG].

FIG.8.

ii 20 N F G 2 INVENTOR Soburo Miyom m N I45 AGENT United States Patent 3,462,720 MAGNETIC ASSEMBLY FOR FILTERING Saburo Miyata, 58 Shimo Takanawa, Minato-ku, Yokohama, Japan Filed Feb. 14, 1967, Ser. No. 615,976 Int. Cl. Htllf 7/02 US. Cl. 335-305 12 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Permanent magnets are provided for producing high flux density for removal of paramagnetic particles from fluids in contact with said magnets. There is also a helical spring type enclosure or confining means for individual magnets or linearly arranged groups thereof, whereby individual magnets may not contact each other to short out the magnetic forces of a pair or group of such magnets, or in which a linear assembly has the individual magnets so constructed and arranged that the flux at adjacent poles is a maximum.

This invention relates to a magnetic assembly for filtering and more particularly to a construction and arrangement of magnets for obtaining a high flux density.

An object of this invention is to provide an enclosure or confining means to prevent contact of individual magnets under certain conditions.

Another object of this invention is the provision of an arrangement of magnets within a suitable helical spring type enclosure whereby a high density flux is produced.

A further object of this invention is the provision of enclosing or confining means for magnets in magnetic filters wherein the magnets are prevented from contact with one another but are substantially 100% exposed to fluids in contact therewith.

These and other objects will become apparent from a consideration of the following description taken with the accompanying drawings which together comprise a complete disclosure of my invention.

In the prior art, several filter arrangements using a plurality of discrete magnets, arranged in the path of a fluid, have been proposed. In the patent to Maynard, No. 2,943,739, a plurality of spherical magnets are heterogeneously arranged in a casing. They are claimed as immovably or retentatively disposed in the container. From the manner of filling, as described, it is difficult to see how alignment and rearrangement can be prevented. Such contact tends to reduce or nullify some of the magnetic coercive force. In the patent to Moriya, No. 3,059,910, the heterogeneous or random arrangement of the magnets 36 is maintained by the plastic sleeves 38. In the patent to Moriya, No. 3,206,657, means have been shown for the heterogeneous arrangement of the magnets in a filter. The devices of both Moriya patents have been found too expensive to produce.

The arrangements of the present invention, which have been found to be superior to those of the prior art will now be described.

In the drawings, wherein like parts are indicated by like or similar characters of reference:

FIG. 1 is an axonometric view of a single magnet according to this invention;

FIG. 2 is an elevation of a modified form of magnet according to this invention;

FIG. 3 is an axonometric view of a further modified form of magnet;

FIG. 4 is an elevation of an assembly including a plurality of the magnets of this invention;

FIG. 5 is a vertical section through a device in which magnets according to this invention are formed;

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FIG. 6 is a schematic showing of a member such as is shown in the fragmentary view of FIG. 4;

FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 are respectively vertical sections of different types of in-line filters including randomly arranged magnets according to this invention.

Referring now to FIG. 1, I show a magnet 10 consisting of a cylinder 11 having plane ends, only one, 12, being shown and having an encompassing means consisting of spaced turns of a helically arranged spring wire 14 of nonmagnetic material, which has its ends, only one showing, bent over the ends of the cylinder, as at 15.

In FIG. 2, there is shown a magnet 16 which has a cylindrical body 17, a spherical end 18 and beveled portion 19 which merges into a spherical end 20.

In FIG. 3, there is shown a prismatic magnet 21 which may be cubical, and is preferably encompassed by a coil of nonmagnetic wire 14 as in the case of the magnet 10 of FIG. 1.

The magnet assembly 24 of FIG. 4 can be of indefinite length and may be formed into a coil 40, encompassing a plurality of

magnets

10 and 16, as shown in FIG. 6.

FIG. 5 shows one method and apparatus for forming magnets 21. They are placed between two

parallel plates

25 and 26, each magnetized through its thickness. The cubes 121, enclosed in wires 14, as for the magnet 21, are placed in a random arrangement between the

plates

25 and 26. The flux passing between the plates magnetizes the cubes 121 to form magnets 21.

In FIG. 6 there is shown a magnet assembly which is the assembly of FIG. 4, made of suflicient length to form a coil. An assembly such as '40 may be placed in a container containing fluid that may be contaminated by paramagnetic particles, such as the crank case of an internal combustion motor, preferably in a motor vehicle, or within the filtering element of an oil filter.

In FIG. 7, there is shown a type of filter 27 adapted to be connected in a fluid line, and consists of a cylindrical portion 28 having

end caps

29 and 30. The end cap 29 is provided with an inlet 31, and the end cap 30 is provided with an outlet 32. Inside the end cap 29 there is a foraminous filter 33, separated from the end cap 29 by an annulus 36. Within the cylinder 28, between the

filters

33 and 35, there is a plurality of magnets 21, with randomly oriented poles, forming a porous mass of magnetic material.

In the filter shown in FIG. 8, the casing 45 is adapted to be inserted in a line through which fluid is flowing, which fluid may be contaminated with paramagnetic particles. The casing 45 is surrounded by a coil 46, enclosed in a cylinder 47 having

end plates

48 and 49. In the casing 45 and having their outer faces substantially in the planes of the coil 46 are perforated pole pieces 50 and 51. Within the chamber 52 formed by the cylinder 45 and the pole pieces 50, 51, adjacent the pole pieces '50 and 51, respectively, are foraminous filters 53 and 54. The chamber 52 is filled with members 55 which consist of steel rods 56 each having a coil 14 of wire of nonmagnetic material wound about it as with magnets 10. The rods 56 are randomly arranged in the chamber 52, and when the coil 46 is energized, they become magnets with randomly oriented poles in that the poles of different members 55 are on various axes with respect to the axes of rods. The assembly becomes a porous mass of magnetic material.

In FIG. 9, there is shown a casing 145, similar to casing 45 in FIG. 8. In the casing there are two perforated magnets and 151, axially magnetized. Inside the chamber 152, adjacent the magnets 1'50 and 151, respectively, are

foraminous filters

153 and 154. The chamber 152 is packed with bodies 155 comprising rods 156, as the bodies and rods 55 and '56 in FIG. 8. The strong flux generated in the chamber 152 magnetizes the rods 156 producing a porous magnetic mass in the chamber 152.

In the cases of the magnets and 21, the coils 14 prevent contact of any pole of a magnet with a like or unlike pole of another magnet. Therefore, when these magnets are used in devices such as those shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, there is no appreciable loss of the coercive force of individualmagnets. In the case of magnets 10, the coils 14 make tangential contact with the cylindrical surfaces of the magnets, so that the surface available for attracting and entrapping paramagnetic particles approaches 100% of the total surface. In the case of magnets 21, there are no surfaces that are occluded by the coils. The

members

55 and 155, in use, act in the same manner as the

magnets

10 and 21, and the remarks above made relative to occluded peripheral surfaces apply equally to these forms.

In the device as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6, the

magnets

10 and 16 alternate so that there is no full face contact between magnets. The spherical ends 18, 20 of the magnets 16 make tangential contact with the plane ends of the magnets 10, thus causing a minimum of reduction or cancellation of the coercive forces in the area between the

magnets

10 and 16. The wire coil 14 keeps the arrangement in proper order, and when an indefinite length of such an assembly is coiled as in FIG. 6, the magnets cannot contact one another in different turns of the helix.

From the above, it should be apparent that I have produced assemblies for filtering wherein intense magnetic flux is present producing strong coercive forces which effectively entrap paramagnetic particles.

While this invention has been set forth in certain preferred forms, I desire it to be understood that other modifications or changes may be made within the skill of the art and the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a magnetic assembly for filtering wherein at least a plurality of magnets are arranged for contact with a fluid containing paramagnetic contaminants, the improvement comprising means preventing movement of one magnet relative to another, said means comprising means permitting substantially 100% exposure of the magnets to the fluid, the movement preventing means comprising a helical coil of spaced turns of round nonmagnetic wire encompassing each said magnet.

2. The structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the magnet is a cylinder, and the ends of the helical coil are bent over the ends of the cylinder.

3. The structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the magnet is a prism, and the ends of the helical coil are bent over two opposite faces of the prism.

4. The structure as defined in claim 3 wherein the prism is a cube.

'5. In a magnetic assembly for filtering wherein at least a plurality of magnets are arranged for contact with a fluid containing paramagnetic contaminants, the improvement comprising means preventing movement of one magnet relative to another, said means comprising means permitting substantially exposure of the magnets to the fluid, the magnet assembly comprising a cylinder having end plates, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet respectively in an end plate, and a porous mass of magnetic material in the space enclosed by said cylinder and said end plates, the porous mass of magnetic material comprising a pluarity of discrete magnets, randomly arranged in the space and having randomly oriented poles.

6. The structure as defined in claim 5 including means preventing reorientation of the discrete magnets while permitting substantially 100% exposure of the exterior surface to the fluid.

7. The structure as defined in claim 6 wherein the reorientation preventing means comprises a helical coil of round nonmagnetic wire encompassing each discrete magnet, whereby to prevent physical contact between magnets.

8. The structure as defined in claim 7 including means causing an intense magnetic flux in the space occupied by the magnets.

9. The structure as defined in claim 8 wherein the flux causing means is an electromagnet surrounding the cylindrical member.

10. In a magnetic assembly for filtering wherein at least a plurality of magnets are arranged for contact with a fluid containing paramagnetic contaminants, the improvement comprising means preventing movement of one magnet relative to another, said means comprising means permitting substantially 100% exposure of the magnets to the fluid, the magnetic assembly comprising a linear arrangement of cylindrical magnets each having plane end faces, alternating with cylindrical magnets each having end portions terminating in a portion of a sphere making tangential point contact with the adjacent plane end cylindrical magnets.

11. The structure as defined in claim 10, wherein one end of each of said magnets, having part spherical ends, is beveled inwardly from the cylindrical portion, and said beveled portion merging into the spherical portion.

12. The structure as defined in claim 10 wherein the movement preventing means comprises a helical coil of spaced turns of round nonmagnetic wire encompassing the linear assembly.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,430,157 11/1947 Byrd 210--22.2 2,951,586 9/1960 Moriya 210 -223 3,035,703 5/1962 Pall 210-223 3,124,725 3/ 1964 Leguillon 335-303 FOREIGN PATENTS 912,249 12/ 1962 Great Britain.

G. HARRIS, Primary Examiner US. Cl. XaR. 210-223