US3457593A - Apparatus for producing very high pressures - Google Patents

Apparatus for producing very high pressures Download PDF

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Publication number
US3457593A
US3457593A US675539A US3457593DA US3457593A US 3457593 A US3457593 A US 3457593A US 675539 A US675539 A US 675539A US 3457593D A US3457593D A US 3457593DA US 3457593 A US3457593 A US 3457593A
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Prior art keywords
jacks
anvils
chamber
axes
anvil
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US675539A
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English (en)
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James Basset
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/06—Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
    • B01J3/065—Presses for the formation of diamonds or boronitrides
    • B01J3/067—Presses using a plurality of pressing members working in different directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/004—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses involving the use of very high pressures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/007—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a plurality of pressing members working in different directions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/026—High pressure

Definitions

  • My invention has for its object an apparatus of a simple structure which allows enclosing between surfaces sliding with reference to each other an inner chamber of a volume adapted to gradually decrease down to substantially zero value, in which chamber it is thus possible to compress a mass of material under a very high pressure without any possible extrusion thereof.
  • the pistons of the jacks carry anvils provided with plane surfaces defining the regular polygonal outline of the central prismatic chamber forming the compression chamber, each plane surface forming with the following adjacent surface of the same anvil an angle of a predetermined value which is the same for all the anvils.
  • said angle is equal to 360 divided by the number of jacks considered, that is in the case of three horizontal jacks.
  • said axes all pass from the theoretical position of the jacks corresponding to an inner chamber reduced to zero, through the geometrical vertical axis of said chamber towards which they converge.
  • the jacks are advantageously held between two geueral crossbeams by vertical uprights absorbing the thrusts and ensuring together with said absorption of the thrust the securing and free rotation of the jacks round the axes of said uprights.
  • the thrusts exerted by the jacks cause the adjacent anvils to slide over each other along their interengaging v surfaces as allowed by the simultaneous angular shifting of the axes of the jacks, which leads to a homothetical reduction of the cross-section of the central inner chamber.
  • the longitudinal restraint of the central chamber is ensured by axial jacks extending perpendicularly to the plane of the radial jacks, the terminal surfaces of the anvils controlled by said axial jacks closing the upper and lower terminal surfaces of the prismatic chamber defined laterally by the anvils of the radial jacks.
  • Said terminal surfaces may either be flat surfaces, slidably engaging cooperating transverse surfaces of the radial anvils which have been machined correspondingly or else the surfaces of a frustrum of a pyramid engaging plane surfaces formed with corresponding slopes on the different radial anvils.
  • FIG. 1 is a horizontal cross-section of an apparatus including three horizontal jacks controlling the three anvils defining a compression chamber in the shape of a vertical triangular prism, the apparatus being illustrated at the end of its compressional operation, that is with the volume of the chamber reduced practically to zero.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section similar to FIG. 1 showing the same apparatus at the beginning of an operation, that is with a maximum chamber volume corresponding to an angular shifting of the three jacks round their vertical axes with reference to their concurrent position illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial vertical cross-section through line III-III of FIG. 2 illustrating one of the horizontal radial jacks and two restraining jacks acting on the transverse upper and lower ends of the chamber.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate with greater detail two different arrangements of the anvils controlled by the restraining jacks.
  • FIG. 6 is a horizontal cross-section of an embodiment of the invention including a compression chamber in the shape of a square vertical prism defined by four anvils controlled by four horizontal jacks extending substantially at right angles with reference to each other.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the distribution of the stresses within the mass of the anvils and allowing their speedy absorption.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates diagrammatically the possible incorporation of extrusion-arresting troughs along the inner corners of the compression chamber.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates diagrammatically an arrangement which allows if required angularly ⁇ shifting the radial anvil-controlling jacks out of their operative positions back into inoperative positions.
  • the central compression chamber 13 in the shape of a triangular prism is bounded laterally by three movable walls formed by the anvils 3, 3', 3 made of a very hard material.
  • Said anvils are tted in the pistons 2, 2', 2" of the horizontally extending jacks 1, 1', 1" adapted to urge the pistons forwardly with their anvils so as to reduce the cross-sectional area of the chamber 13.
  • the body of ⁇ each jack can pivot round the stationary uprights 4, 4', 4" held between the lower general crossbeam 8 and the general upper cross-beam 10.
  • Said uprights 4 are all located at the same distance from the vertical axis 0 0' of the chamber 13 and the radii connecting said axis 0 0 with the axes of the different uprights are distributed uniformly in a horizontal plane, .e. in the case illustrated at 120 from each other.
  • the whole arrangement is symmetrical with reference to the axis 0 0 and its assembly is easily executed.
  • the jacks illustrated diagrammatically as single acting jacks are preferably double acting, so as to further the return movement of their pistons.
  • the axes of the uprights 4, 4', 4 are spaced with reference to the axis 0 0 of the compression chamber by a distance such that it is an easy matter to reach the anvils for upkeep or replacement when required and to introduce the material to be compressed inside the compression chamber.
  • the terminal surface 14 of each of the anvils defining the polygonal outline of the central chamber 13 is followed by an adjacent surface 14 in contacting engagement with the plane of the terminal surface 14 of the next anvil, said adjacent surfaces 14-14' forming with each other in the case illustrated of three concurrent jacks an angle of 120.
  • each jack and leading to an angular shifting of said jack with its piston and anvil constrains the adjacent surfaces 14 to slide along the surfaces 14 of the adjacent anvils, while the axes of the jacks move angularly by an amount such that the interengaging sliding anvil surfaces remain parallel in perfect contacting relationship, whereby the polygonal outline of the central chamber shrinks and closes homothetically down to the desired minimum which may approximate zero (FIG. l) without any risk of extrusion between the contacting surfaces 14 and 14' of the adjacent anvils leading to each corner of the chamber.
  • the terminal surfaces of the anvils may be perpendicular to the line of thrust of the corresponding jacks or else form a slight angle with said line of thrust so as to produce a reaction in a lateral direction furthering the contact between the interengaging anvil surfaces to be considered.
  • the surfaces 14 and 14 of an anvil always form together an angle equal to that formed by the axes of the successive corresponding jacks, in the present case equal to 120.
  • the expansion of the chamber is performed through a sliding and receding movement in the opposite direction of the anvils and of the jacks which are interconnected in the manner disclosed hereinafter, the chamber increasing in volume hornothetically up to a maximum illustrated in FIG. 2 and defined by a bearing of the jacks against the stationary lateral stops 16, the axes of the jacks forming then against an angle et with the position illustrated in FIG. l.
  • the chamber 13 is closed at both ends by restraining means including a lower jack 5 and an upper jack 5', the pistons 6, 6 of which, preferably double acting jacks carry anvils 7, 7 closing permanently the lower and upper ends of the chamber 13.
  • the anvils 7, 7 terminate with flat surfaces 18 engaging permanently the comparatively broad horizontal surfaces 20 formed on the anvils 3, 3', 3" of the radially extending jacks at the ends of the chamber 13.
  • said anvils slide through their surfaces 20 along the corresponding surfaces 18 of 7, 7 so as to close fludtightly the ends of the compression chamber.
  • the modification according to FIG, 5 intended in principle for the case of very high pressures includes restraining anvils, each in the shape of a frustum of a pyramid 20', each surface of which registers with a corresponding radial anvil, provided with an oblique surface of same slope 19.
  • restraining anvils each in the shape of a frustum of a pyramid 20', each surface of which registers with a corresponding radial anvil, provided with an oblique surface of same slope 19.
  • Said arrangement may be replaced by any other mechanical arrangement, for instance by shackles substituted for said gearing.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an advantageous embodiment of mechanical means adjusted to control simultaneously the pivotal movements of the jacks and comprising a central toothed sector 26 coaxial with the axis 0 0' of the central chamber and controlling the three pinions carried by the spindle 11 through the agency of the pivotal levers 25 and pivotal links 27.
  • the pinions 11 are caused to rotate by equal amounts together with the jacks.
  • the stops 16 are removable and the links 27 are disconnectable so as to allow a free pivotal movement of the jacks beyond their normal operative paths.
  • the axes of the jacks cross the ridges of the terminal surfaces of the corresponding anvils but they may as well pass through any other portion of said surface in order to improve in particular the mutual contact between the cooperating anvil surfaces.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of the position of the anvils at the end of the stroke under maximum pressure with a fanwise distribution of the stresses within the mass of the anvils, starting from the portion of the anvil surface subjected to pressure.
  • the material to be compressed is very uid, liquid for instance, it is possible to prevent any leak by fitting in the corners of the chamber between adjacent anvils small metal troughs 24, as illustrated in FIG. 8 or else the material to be compressed is enclosed inside a metal casing or a casing of plastic material, which ensures its restraint.
  • Verniers 22 (FIGS. 1 and 2) extending for instance through slots in the walls of the jacks, allow checking at any moment the position of the pistons and may serve possibly for controlling the progression of the anvils through adjustment for instance of the operative pressure or of the output of the pumps feeding the different jacks.
  • the sliding surfaces of the anvils are preferably coated with a slight layer of a lubricant.
  • a slight taper may be given to the anvils so as to compensate for allowances in manufacture and elastic deformations.
  • One or more anvils may be separated from the pistons and jack bodies by a very thin sheet of an electric insulating material whenever it is required to introduce large heating currents into the central compression chamber. It is also possible to form small grooves in the contacting surfaces of the anvils for the passage of electric wires into the compression chamber.
  • An apparatus for producing very high pressures within a compression chamber extending along a predetermined axis comprising at least three stationary pivots, a jack adapted to rock round each pivot and including a piston facing said predetermined axis through its outer end and adapted to move towards and away from the latter, an anvil rigid with the outer end of the piston of each jack, said anvils being each bounded outwardly by a flat terminal surface forming one of the successive sides of a polygonal outline defining the compression chamber and a fiat surface following said terminal surface at an angle therewith and slidingly engaging the terminal surface of the next anvil to an extent corresponding to the position assumed by the piston and anvil upon operation of the different jacks and consequent angular shifting of the latter round their pivots, said ⁇ sliding engagement defining the free area of each side of the polygonal outline formed by each terminal anvil surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
US675539A 1967-04-12 1967-10-16 Apparatus for producing very high pressures Expired - Lifetime US3457593A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR102423A FR1540362A (fr) 1967-04-12 1967-04-12 Appareil pour la production de très hautes pressions

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US3457593A true US3457593A (en) 1969-07-29

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US (1) US3457593A (fr)
BE (1) BE712575A (fr)
FR (1) FR1540362A (fr)
GB (1) GB1187359A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4905588A (en) * 1986-04-14 1990-03-06 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Multi-member super-high generating press with integral pulsator-type hydraulic fluid pressure circuits
US4951368A (en) * 1989-07-20 1990-08-28 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Apparatus for compressing material into a tampon
CN104661807A (zh) * 2012-09-28 2015-05-27 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 带有活动爪的快门式压制压缩装置
KR20150065729A (ko) * 2012-09-28 2015-06-15 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. 셔터 프레스 압축기
KR20150065731A (ko) * 2012-09-28 2015-06-15 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. 형상화 요소를 가진 셔터 프레스 압축기
WO2019203630A1 (fr) * 2018-04-17 2019-10-24 Active Financial, S.A. De C.V. Presse mécanique à concentration de pression appliquée sphériquement

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3271502A (en) * 1962-10-26 1966-09-06 Gen Electric High pressure method and apparatus
US3300200A (en) * 1965-05-03 1967-01-24 Union Carbide Corp Self-sizing thermochemical scarfing

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3271502A (en) * 1962-10-26 1966-09-06 Gen Electric High pressure method and apparatus
US3300200A (en) * 1965-05-03 1967-01-24 Union Carbide Corp Self-sizing thermochemical scarfing

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4905588A (en) * 1986-04-14 1990-03-06 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Multi-member super-high generating press with integral pulsator-type hydraulic fluid pressure circuits
US4951368A (en) * 1989-07-20 1990-08-28 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Apparatus for compressing material into a tampon
CN104661807A (zh) * 2012-09-28 2015-05-27 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 带有活动爪的快门式压制压缩装置
KR20150065729A (ko) * 2012-09-28 2015-06-15 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. 셔터 프레스 압축기
KR20150065730A (ko) * 2012-09-28 2015-06-15 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. 이동식 조를 가진 셔터 프레스 압축기
KR20150065731A (ko) * 2012-09-28 2015-06-15 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. 형상화 요소를 가진 셔터 프레스 압축기
US9072628B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2015-07-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Shutter press compressor
US9072629B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2015-07-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Shutter press compressor with movable jaws
US9078787B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2015-07-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Shutter press compressor with shaping elements
AU2013322302B2 (en) * 2012-09-28 2015-10-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Shutter press compressor with movable jaws
KR101602124B1 (ko) 2012-09-28 2016-03-09 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. 형상화 요소를 가진 셔터 프레스 압축기
KR101602123B1 (ko) 2012-09-28 2016-03-09 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. 이동식 조를 가진 셔터 프레스 압축기
CN104661807B (zh) * 2012-09-28 2016-10-12 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 带有活动爪的快门式压制压缩装置
WO2019203630A1 (fr) * 2018-04-17 2019-10-24 Active Financial, S.A. De C.V. Presse mécanique à concentration de pression appliquée sphériquement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE712575A (fr) 1968-07-31
FR1540362A (fr) 1968-09-27
GB1187359A (en) 1970-04-08

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