US3444420A - Method of adjusting power output of a reflex klystron employing movable permanent magnets and a reflex klystron with movable magnets for adjusting power output - Google Patents

Method of adjusting power output of a reflex klystron employing movable permanent magnets and a reflex klystron with movable magnets for adjusting power output Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3444420A
US3444420A US543119A US3444420DA US3444420A US 3444420 A US3444420 A US 3444420A US 543119 A US543119 A US 543119A US 3444420D A US3444420D A US 3444420DA US 3444420 A US3444420 A US 3444420A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
magnets
power output
adjusting power
reflex klystron
movable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US543119A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Willem Rommerts
Thomas Jan Westerhof
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
Original Assignee
US Philips Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3444420A publication Critical patent/US3444420A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/22—Reflex klystrons, i.e. tubes having one or more resonators, with a single reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the modulator zone
    • H01J25/28—Reflex klystrons, i.e. tubes having one or more resonators, with a single reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the modulator zone in which the electron stream is perpendicular to the axis of the resonator or resonators and is pencil-like before reflection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/08—Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream
    • H01J23/087—Magnetic focusing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/10—Magnet systems for directing or deflecting the discharge along a desired path, e.g. a spiral path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/22—Reflex klystrons, i.e. tubes having one or more resonators, with a single reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the modulator zone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/22—Reflex klystrons, i.e. tubes having one or more resonators, with a single reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the modulator zone
    • H01J25/24—Reflex klystrons, i.e. tubes having one or more resonators, with a single reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the modulator zone in which the electron stream is in the axis of the resonator or resonators and is pencil-like before reflection

Definitions

  • a reflex klystron is provided with permanent magnets movable in external guides to adjust the klystron for maximum power output.
  • the invention relates to a method of adjusting an electron tube having an electrostatically concentrated, velocity-modulated electron flow to maximum output power and particularly of a reflex klystron having fixedly arranged electrodes suitable for wavelengths of less than 1 cm. (frequencies of more than 30,000 mc./s.).
  • the electrodes of such tubes have so far been arranged so that with the aid of mechanical means they could be slightly displaced in a radial direction during the test of the tube.
  • the electrodes were adjusted so that the tube delivered the maximum output power.
  • the electrode be arranged immovably. Particularly with wavelengths below 10 mm., very high requirements have to be met by the mechanical machining and mounting, so that the percentage of rejects was high.
  • Such tubes operate at high voltages, they are always surrounded by a generally metallic screening sheath to protect them from contact. It is advantageous to arrange the correction magnets according to the invention in narrow channels of this screen and definitely fixed in the correct position after the tube is adjusted to maximum output power.
  • the magnets may be fixed to the tube wall in a different way, for example in the space between the tube bulb and the envelope. In this case they must be displaceable or rotatable from the outside.
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically a sectional view
  • FIG. 2 a plan view of an embodiment of a tube according to the invention.
  • reference numeral 1 designates a glass envelope, accommodating a reflex klystron system, shown diagrammatically and consisting of an electron gun 2, a reflector 3 and an apertured cavity resonator anode 4, through which passes an electrostatically concentrated, velocity-modulated electron flow 5.
  • the envelope 1 is surrounded by an envelope 6 of nonmagnetic material.
  • the cavity resonator 4 joins a wave pipe, which includes a tuning piston 7.
  • the envelope 6 has a thickened portion 8, which may be rectangular and which is provided with narrow channels 9.
  • the envelope is preferably made of copper or aluminum, but it may be made of an insulating material, for example ceramic or synthetic resin.
  • a rod-shaped magnet 10 is introduced into one of the channels 9 or in more channels to a depth such that the output power is at a maximum, after which it is fixed in the correct position by means of, for example screws, soldering material or cement 11.
  • mechanical deviations of the electrode and of the arrangement thereof can be corrected, so that the tolerances in manufacture and mounting may be considerably greater.
  • the magnets 10 need not be arranged parallel to the tube axis; they may occupy any experimentally determined position. However, mechanically the provision of channels 9 parallel to the axis is the simplest method. By means of the four channels 9 and the adjustment of the place of the magnets in the channels 9 any desired correction can be made for attaining the maximum output power.
  • the portion 8 of the sheath need not be rectangular; it may have a cylindrical shape.
  • the output power can be raised by about 20%, with a wavelength of 8 mm. as compared with a corresponding tube having electrodes arranged accurately symmetrically relative to the axis of the beam.
  • a method of adjusting to maximum power output an electron discharge tube having an electrode system and an electrostatically concentrated, velocity-modulated electron flow comprising the steps of placing a plurality of magnets in proximity to the tube to produce a magnetic field in the vicinity of the electrode system, moving the magnets relative to the electrode in a direction perpendicular to the path of electron flow to positions at which the output power of the tube is at a maximum, and fixedly positioning said magnets at the position of maximum power output.
  • a klystron having a magnetic system for producing a maximum power output comprising an envelope containing an electrode system for producing an electro- 4 statically concentrated velocity-modulated electron flow, References Cited a second envelope surrounding said first envelope, said UNITED STATES PATENTS second envelope having a channel therein substantlally perpendicular to the path of electron flow in the first 2,789,249 4/1957 Jams envelope in which a plurality of magnets can be moved 5 2,823,334 2/1958 Lebwtet 315-522 for producing a magnetic field in the vicinity of the 2,909,691 10/1959 Hell X electrode system Within the first envelope, and means 340461439 7/1962 Houston fixedly positioning said magnets in a position for maximum power output of said klystron.
  • FOREIGN PATENTS 3 A klystron as claimed in claim 2 in which the chan- 10 1,344,615 10/1963 F nel is formed in an enlarged portion of the second enve ope HERMAN KARL SAALBACH, Primary Examiner.
  • a klystron as claimed in claim 2 in which the mag- 15 nets are fixed in position with cement.
  • a klystron as claimed in claim 2 in which the magnets are fixed in position with adjustable members.

Landscapes

  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
US543119A 1965-04-23 1966-04-18 Method of adjusting power output of a reflex klystron employing movable permanent magnets and a reflex klystron with movable magnets for adjusting power output Expired - Lifetime US3444420A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6505165A NL6505165A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1965-04-23 1965-04-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3444420A true US3444420A (en) 1969-05-13

Family

ID=19793004

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US543119A Expired - Lifetime US3444420A (en) 1965-04-23 1966-04-18 Method of adjusting power output of a reflex klystron employing movable permanent magnets and a reflex klystron with movable magnets for adjusting power output

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3444420A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
BE (1) BE679965A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
CH (1) CH455062A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1100166A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
NL (1) NL6505165A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2514197A1 (fr) * 1981-10-07 1983-04-08 Varian Associates Tube micro-onde a faisceau lineaire reglable focalise par aimant permanent

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2789249A (en) * 1951-06-01 1957-04-16 Sylvania Electric Prod Reflex klystrons
US2823334A (en) * 1954-05-18 1958-02-11 Csf Millimeter wave generating reflex klystron
US2909691A (en) * 1958-10-17 1959-10-20 Heil Oskar Electron guns with magnetic focusing
US3046439A (en) * 1960-04-29 1962-07-24 Gen Electric Field emisssion reflex klystron
FR1344615A (fr) * 1961-12-04 1963-11-29 Ass Elect Ind Perfectionnements aux oscillateurs à faisceau électronique

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2789249A (en) * 1951-06-01 1957-04-16 Sylvania Electric Prod Reflex klystrons
US2823334A (en) * 1954-05-18 1958-02-11 Csf Millimeter wave generating reflex klystron
US2909691A (en) * 1958-10-17 1959-10-20 Heil Oskar Electron guns with magnetic focusing
US3046439A (en) * 1960-04-29 1962-07-24 Gen Electric Field emisssion reflex klystron
FR1344615A (fr) * 1961-12-04 1963-11-29 Ass Elect Ind Perfectionnements aux oscillateurs à faisceau électronique

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2514197A1 (fr) * 1981-10-07 1983-04-08 Varian Associates Tube micro-onde a faisceau lineaire reglable focalise par aimant permanent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE679965A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1966-10-24
NL6505165A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1966-10-24
GB1100166A (en) 1968-01-24
CH455062A (de) 1968-04-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2410054A (en) Electron discharge apparatus
US2815467A (en) High frequency tube
US2107520A (en) Electron discharge device
US2852715A (en) High frequency structure
US2708727A (en) Helix coupling arrangements
US2289906A (en) Cathode ray tube
US3444420A (en) Method of adjusting power output of a reflex klystron employing movable permanent magnets and a reflex klystron with movable magnets for adjusting power output
US2879422A (en) Electrostatic writing tube
US3069590A (en) Electron tube apparatus
US4339694A (en) Flat cathode ray tube
US2513277A (en) Electron discharge device, including a tunable cavity resonator
US3484642A (en) Electron discharge devices having inner and outer insulating annular projections at the gun end of the device
US2889483A (en) Glass base grid
US3646379A (en) X-ray tube having controllable focal spot size
US2408238A (en) Space discharge device
US2456861A (en) Generator and cathode construction for electricity of ultra high frequency
US2825832A (en) Thermionic cathode structure
US3309557A (en) Electron gun utilizing a strip transmission line to extract electrons from a cathode
US3188506A (en) Cathode ray tube with signal plate connected to contact ring having envelope diameter
US7456577B2 (en) Micro-wave tube with mechanical frequency tuning
US3365601A (en) High power vacuum tube with magnetic beaming
US2604605A (en) High-frequency tube structure
US2551614A (en) Tunable magnetron
US2847609A (en) Reflex klystron
US2021253A (en) Kinescope