US3439382A - Spinneret assembly for spinning highly viscous polymeric substances - Google Patents

Spinneret assembly for spinning highly viscous polymeric substances Download PDF

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Publication number
US3439382A
US3439382A US604293A US3439382DA US3439382A US 3439382 A US3439382 A US 3439382A US 604293 A US604293 A US 604293A US 3439382D A US3439382D A US 3439382DA US 3439382 A US3439382 A US 3439382A
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United States
Prior art keywords
plate
spinneret
orifices
spinning
channels
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Expired - Lifetime
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US604293A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Sluijters
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Akzona Inc
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American Enka Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of US3439382A publication Critical patent/US3439382A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/06—Distributing spinning solution or melt to spinning nozzles

Definitions

  • a spinneret assembly for the manufacture of filaments, fibers and yarns is provided with more effective means for spinning highly viscous polymers and comprises a main polymer inlet surrounded by a heating chamber in fluid flow communication with a plurality of shape imparting orifices in a spinneret plate; the orifices in the plate are connected to the main inlet by a plurality of connecting conduits or bores of lesser diameter than the said main polymer inlet and the conduits extend throughout the plate substantially parallel to its face.
  • This invention relates to a novel spinneret assembly for the manufacture of threads by a melt spinning process; more particularly, the invention relates to an improved spinneret plate of a type which is provided with a plurality of orifices and wherein each orifice is provided with an inlet of increased diameter immediately preceding a shape imparting outlet portion of the orifice.
  • spinneret plates that having an orifice with an enlarged inlet immediately preceding a shape imparting outlet has a favorable influence on the spinning materials such as viscose, acetate, and high molecular weight synthetic linear polymers, eg., polyesters and nylon.
  • This enlarged cavity in the plate (at the end opposite that 'which the material is extruded) makes it possible to obtain shape imparting outlets with a smaller diameter.
  • the spinneret plate is so positioned that at least its topmost planar surface (with the inlets) serves as the bottom of a larger chamber (adapted to be constantly filled with molten material) to enable the molten material to constantly fiow through all the orifices and, accordingly, the shape imparting outlets.
  • spinneret plates also require a relatively large amount of molten material to cover the upper surface of the spinneret plate, which of course increases the residence time of the molten material in the assembly. In view of the high temperatures required for a melt spinning process, this causes degradation of the molten polymeric material. Perhaps more importantly, it has been found that maintaining a uniform temperature of the molten material over the entire surface of the plate is very difficult indeed.
  • a spinneret plate is provided with enlarged molten polymer orifices that are connected to a system of branching or connecting channels provided inside the plate and which are substantially parallel to the face ⁇ of the plate.
  • the system is then, in turn, connected to at least one main feed inlet for the polymeric material.
  • Such structure permits the main feed inletfs) for the plate to be in direct communication to a pumping system for polymer abeinlg introduced to the assembly.
  • the connecting channels provided within the spinneret plate, the molten material supplied through the main feed inlet is then distributed over the orifices and, in which case, the plate no longer serves as the bottom of a pressurized chamber and it need only be of a thickness which is sufficient to resist the forces acting in the channels.
  • the diameter of the connecting channels need only to be sufficiently large to obtain a uniform distribution Of the molten material through the orifices.
  • a diameter -of 2 mm. is sufficient to keep the difference in output between the orifices that are farthest apart within the limits that are permissible for manufacture of a uniform yarn.
  • the spinneret plate according to the inventi-on is quite suitable in spinning polymer when under very high pressure.
  • Polycondensation products having high melt viscosities which are of the order of 30,000 poises or higher can be utilized with ease.
  • the residence time of the molten material therein is short, so that the risk of degradation of the molten polymer is eliminated-notwithstanding the fact that the absence of molten material on the upper surface of the spinneret plate makes it possible to maintain the plate at a uniform temperature by merely passing a stream of a heating medium over the upper surface of the spinneret plate.
  • the spinneret plate forms a wall; more particularly, a bottom of a chamber through which a heating medium is passed and in which a filter for the molten material is provided between a pumping system of the melt spinning apparatus and the spinneret plate.
  • the orifices, with enlarged inlets, are preferably formed partly by bores perpendicular to the upper surface of the spinneret plate. They are drilled only through part of the plate and have a diameter of a size normally required for enlarged inlets. They further define a narrower bore through the remainder of the plate. The bores on the side of the wide portion are blanked off.
  • the channels of the system are preferably formed by bores which are blanked off at both ends.
  • the spinneret plate, and the housing therefor may either be circular or rectangular.
  • the plate When constructed according to the invention, the plate has been found particularly suitable to be adapted to manufacture of heterogeneous filaments or fibers, viz, those filaments obtained by spinning at lea-st two different molten materials in side-by-side arrangement.
  • the orifices in the plate are arranged in rows with each row being positioned between two main channels.
  • a different molten material may be passed through each channel.
  • a molten polyamide may be extruded through one channel While ypolyester is extruded through the remaining channel.
  • each of the orifices is connected to the two main channels so that the two molten materials may simultaneously be extruded through each orifice.
  • the apparatus found in the patent comprises a spinneret block used for the manufacture from spinning solutions of heterogeneous filaments and fibers in which the spinning solutions are supplied through wide main channels inside the block to wide side-channels provided perpendicular to the main channels. The solutions are then distributed over the orifices by means of peripheral grooves in cylindrical inserts located in the side channels.
  • FIGURE 1 shows the lower part of a melt spinning assembly in vertical section
  • FIGURE 2 shows the spinneret plate of the melt spinning assembly of FIGURE 1 in horizontal section along the line II-II of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 represents a horizontal section 0f a spinneret plate for the manufacture of heterogeneous filaments, fibers and yarns.
  • the numeral 1 refers to an assembly housing, in the bottom pa-rt of which there is provided a cylindrical chamber 2 for receiving a circular spinneret plate 3 above which there is provided a cylindrical chamber 4.
  • Chamber 4 is in direct communication with the chamber 2 containing a filter element 5.
  • Spinneret plate 3 rests on an inwardly projecting rim 6 of a fiange 7 secured to the housing 1 by means of bolts 8.
  • Filter assembly 5 resting on spinneret plate 3, is made up of two adjoining dish-shaped members 11 and 12 between which there is provided a filter material 13. Filter 13 is supported by studs 14 on a conically sloping bottom 15 of the dish-shaped member 12.
  • bores 23, Perpendicular to the fiat surface of plate 3 there are provided bores 23, which are not drilled all through the plate. From bores 23 and accurately coaxial therewith there are provided narrower bores 24 which are drilled completely through to the bottom of the plate. The top ends of the bores 23 are closed off utilizing screw plugs 25. Bores 23, which serve as enlarged inlets of the orifices, communicate with the inlet opening 19 by means of a system of branched channels 26 drilled parallel to the flat surface of plate 3. Channels 26 are, at both ends, closed off with screw plugs 27.
  • FIGURE 2 shows branched channels 26 in plate 3 of FIGURE 1 through which the orifices 24 with their enlarged inlets 3 are connected to the inlet opening 19.
  • FIGURE 3 shows the positions of the spinning orifices relative to the channels provided in a rectangular spinneret plate, and which is adapted to the manufacture of heterogeneous filaments, fibers and yarns.
  • Orifices 28 are aranged in rows, each row being positioned between on the one side a main channel 29 to which is fed a molten material from an inlet opening 31 and via feed channel 30 which communicates with the main channels 29, Iand on the other side a main channel 32 to which there is fed a different molten material from an inlet opening 34 via a feed channel 33.
  • Channel 33 communicates with the main channel 32.
  • Each of the orifices 28 is with its enlraged inlet opening 35 connected to the two main channels 29 and 32 by means of side-channel 36.
  • a spinneret assembly for producing filaments, fibers and yarns comprising:
  • tubular shape imparting orifices being in fiuid flow communication with said main polymer inlet means solely through a system of tubular connecting channels of lesser diameter than said main polymer inlet means
  • tubular connecting channels being substantially parallel to the face of the spinneret plate.
  • a melt spinning apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spinneret plate forms at least one wall of said heating chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US604293A 1966-01-04 1966-12-23 Spinneret assembly for spinning highly viscous polymeric substances Expired - Lifetime US3439382A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6600025A NL6600025A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1966-01-04 1966-01-04

Publications (1)

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US3439382A true US3439382A (en) 1969-04-22

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US604293A Expired - Lifetime US3439382A (en) 1966-01-04 1966-12-23 Spinneret assembly for spinning highly viscous polymeric substances

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US (1) US3439382A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE1660171A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
ES (2) ES335258A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1165890A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
NL (1) NL6600025A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3716317A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-02-13 Fiber Industries Inc Pack for spinning heterofilament fibers
US3787162A (en) * 1972-04-13 1974-01-22 Ici Ltd Conjugate filaments apparatus
US5162074A (en) * 1987-10-02 1992-11-10 Basf Corporation Method of making plural component fibers
AT397392B (de) * 1989-11-29 1994-03-25 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag Spinndüse
US5551588A (en) * 1987-10-02 1996-09-03 Basf Corporation Profiled multi-component fiber flow plate method
US20240209547A1 (en) * 2022-12-21 2024-06-27 Stephan Gerharz Filament-making apparatus

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2784843A (en) * 1954-08-10 1957-03-12 American Viscose Corp Filter construction
US3081490A (en) * 1957-11-16 1963-03-19 Glanzstoff Ag Spinning apparatus for the spinning of hollow filaments
US3121254A (en) * 1957-12-14 1964-02-18 Glanzstoff Ag Apparatus for the spinning of hollow filaments
FR1377214A (fr) * 1962-12-22 1964-10-31 Heraeus Gmbh W C Buse de filature pour l'obtention de fils composés d'un noyau et d'une enveloppe
US3341891A (en) * 1962-08-06 1967-09-19 Toyo Rayon Co Ltd Production of a composite filament and a spinneret assembly
US3346915A (en) * 1964-11-25 1967-10-17 Shell Oil Co Prilling nozzle

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2784843A (en) * 1954-08-10 1957-03-12 American Viscose Corp Filter construction
US3081490A (en) * 1957-11-16 1963-03-19 Glanzstoff Ag Spinning apparatus for the spinning of hollow filaments
US3121254A (en) * 1957-12-14 1964-02-18 Glanzstoff Ag Apparatus for the spinning of hollow filaments
US3341891A (en) * 1962-08-06 1967-09-19 Toyo Rayon Co Ltd Production of a composite filament and a spinneret assembly
FR1377214A (fr) * 1962-12-22 1964-10-31 Heraeus Gmbh W C Buse de filature pour l'obtention de fils composés d'un noyau et d'une enveloppe
US3346915A (en) * 1964-11-25 1967-10-17 Shell Oil Co Prilling nozzle

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3716317A (en) * 1971-04-01 1973-02-13 Fiber Industries Inc Pack for spinning heterofilament fibers
US3787162A (en) * 1972-04-13 1974-01-22 Ici Ltd Conjugate filaments apparatus
US5162074A (en) * 1987-10-02 1992-11-10 Basf Corporation Method of making plural component fibers
US5344297A (en) * 1987-10-02 1994-09-06 Basf Corporation Apparatus for making profiled multi-component yarns
US5466410A (en) * 1987-10-02 1995-11-14 Basf Corporation Process of making multiple mono-component fiber
US5551588A (en) * 1987-10-02 1996-09-03 Basf Corporation Profiled multi-component fiber flow plate method
US5562930A (en) * 1987-10-02 1996-10-08 Hills; William H. Distribution plate for spin pack assembly
AT397392B (de) * 1989-11-29 1994-03-25 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag Spinndüse
US20240209547A1 (en) * 2022-12-21 2024-06-27 Stephan Gerharz Filament-making apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES347339A1 (es) 1969-02-01
ES335258A1 (es) 1968-06-01
DE1660171A1 (de) 1970-09-17
GB1165890A (en) 1969-10-01
NL6600025A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1967-01-25

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