US3434533A - Gilled pipes for heat exchange - Google Patents
Gilled pipes for heat exchange Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3434533A US3434533A US593138A US3434533DA US3434533A US 3434533 A US3434533 A US 3434533A US 593138 A US593138 A US 593138A US 3434533D A US3434533D A US 3434533DA US 3434533 A US3434533 A US 3434533A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchange
- gill
- gills
- foot portion
- gilled
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
- F28F1/20—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being attachable to the element
Definitions
- the invention provides gills or fins that have corrugated legs and an integral foot portion including at least two parallel and axially extending and outwardly protruding ribs adapted to be welded to the surface of the heat exchange tube.
- This invention relates to tubular heat exchangers of the gilled type and, more particularly, concerns a novel gill structure for substantially increasing the heat exchange coefiicient of the gilled pipes.
- gills may be radial, axially spaced individual crowns, helically wound continuous strips, or radial, axially extending and circumferentially spaced ribs.
- This invention pertains to a novel gill structure particularly adapted for tubular heat exchangers having gillS in the form of a plurality of radially offstanding, longitudinally extending and circumferentially spaced strips. Any cross-section along the axis of such heat exchange pipes has a star-like appearance.
- gills of this type have been made of flat strips of U or L cross-section and welded to the tube by means of a weld of relatively small sectional area.
- the invention provides gills of U or L cross-section that are corrugated and which, at their foot portion, have at least two adjacent rib-like protrusions adapted to be welded to the heat exchange tube. It was found that heat exchange structures of this construction have remarkably superior heat exchange characteristics and substantially improved mechanical strength.
- FIG. 1 is a fragmentary cross-section of a gilled tube representing the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a novel gill according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a fragmentary cross-section of a heat exchange tube provided with the novel gills shown in FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 representing the prior art, there is shown in fragmentary section a heat exchange pipe 1 to which there is welded a fiat, planar gill of U cross-section comprising two spaced, substantially radially offstanding legs 2 and an interconnecting foot portion afiixed to the outer face of tube 1 by means of a longitudinally, axially extending weld 3.
- FIG. 2 there is shown in perspective a novel gill comprising a pair of substantially parallel
- legs 4-4 defining the height of the gill, interconnected by an integral foot portion 5.
- Legs 4 are corrugated, preferably in such a manner that the corrugations extend parallel to one another and along the length dimension of the gill.
- each leg 4 Immediately adjacent the foot portion 5 each leg 4 has a relatively short, planar portion before the corrugations begin.
- the corrugations are symmetrical with respect to a plane in which said planar portion lies.
- the foot portion 5 is provided with a pair of parallel, lengthwise extending and outwardly protruding ribs 6.
- FIG. 3 shows, in fragmentary section, a heat exchange tube or conduit 7, to the outer face of which there is aflixed a plurality of gills of the structure shown in FIG. 2.
- These gills, having corrugated legs 8, extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of tube 7 and are arranged in a parallel, circumferentially spaced relation with respect to one another. It is preferred that said corrugations are symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the longitudinal axis of tube 7.
- Each gill is afiixed to tube 7 by means of a pair of longitudinal, continuous welds along the peak of ribs 6.
- FIG. 4 there is shown a second embodiment of the gill according to the invention.
- the gill shown in perspective has an L cross-section and comprises a corrugated leg 10 and an integral foot portion 11 extending substantially normal to leg 10.
- the foot portion 11 is provided with a pair of parallel, lengthwise extending and outwardly protruding ribs 9.
- These gills are arranged on the surface of a heat exchange tube in a manner similar to that described in connection with the embodiment of FIG. 2.
- novel gill structure In addition to the improved heat exchange characteristics th novel gill structure also has improved mechanical strength.
- the double weld ensures a more stable securing means without increase in the thickness of the material and the corrugated nature of the radially olfstanding legs makes them less vulnerable to deformations or other mechanical damage during storage, transportation, installation or other handling operation.
- a heat exchanger comprising: (a) a tubular conduit having an external face, and (b) a plurality of circumferentially spaced gills secured to said external face and disposed thereon parallel with the longitudinal axis of said conduit, said gills being axially elongated and each including (1) an axially continuous foot portion extending throughout the length of said gill and disposed substantially parallel with and adjacent 3 9 said external face, said foot portion having at least two axially extending ribs projecting towards said external face and secured thereto by means of a Weld, and (2) at least one leg integral with said foot portion and extending substantially normal thereto, said leg provided with a plurality of radially spaced corrugations extending axially throughout the length of said gill, said corrugations being symmetrical with a plane containing said axis and passing through said leg.
- An elongated gill adapted to be afiixed to the surface of a heat exchange conduit comprising a foot portion extending throughout the length of said gill and adapted to be disposed immediately adjacent and parallel with the surface and at least one corrugated leg integral with said foot portion and including a relatively short planar portion immediately adjacent said foot portion and extending substantially normal thereto, the corrugations of said leg being symmetrical with respect to a plane lying in said short planar portion.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
March 25, 1969 E. PIGNAL 3,434,533
GILLED PIPES FOR HEAT EXCHANGE Filed Nov. 9, 1966 F IG] (PRIOR ART) United States Patent 01 Bee US. Cl. 165-183 2 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE In order to increase the heat exchange coefficient and the mechanical strength characteristics of heat exchangers, the invention provides gills or fins that have corrugated legs and an integral foot portion including at least two parallel and axially extending and outwardly protruding ribs adapted to be welded to the surface of the heat exchange tube.
This invention relates to tubular heat exchangers of the gilled type and, more particularly, concerns a novel gill structure for substantially increasing the heat exchange coefiicient of the gilled pipes.
It is well known in the prior art to affix radially extending gills to heat exchange pipes. These gills may be radial, axially spaced individual crowns, helically wound continuous strips, or radial, axially extending and circumferentially spaced ribs.
This invention pertains to a novel gill structure particularly adapted for tubular heat exchangers having gillS in the form of a plurality of radially offstanding, longitudinally extending and circumferentially spaced strips. Any cross-section along the axis of such heat exchange pipes has a star-like appearance. Heretofore, gills of this type have been made of flat strips of U or L cross-section and welded to the tube by means of a weld of relatively small sectional area.
Briefly stated, the invention provides gills of U or L cross-section that are corrugated and which, at their foot portion, have at least two adjacent rib-like protrusions adapted to be welded to the heat exchange tube. It was found that heat exchange structures of this construction have remarkably superior heat exchange characteristics and substantially improved mechanical strength.
The invention will be better understood and further advantages will become more apparent with reference to the ensuing detailed specification taken in conjunction with the drawing, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary cross-section of a gilled tube representing the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a novel gill according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary cross-section of a heat exchange tube provided with the novel gills shown in FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment according to the invention.
In FIG. 1, representing the prior art, there is shown in fragmentary section a heat exchange pipe 1 to which there is welded a fiat, planar gill of U cross-section comprising two spaced, substantially radially offstanding legs 2 and an interconnecting foot portion afiixed to the outer face of tube 1 by means of a longitudinally, axially extending weld 3.
The gill structure of the invention now to be described results in a heat exchange coefficient remarkably superior to that of the structure shown in FIG. 1.
Turning now to FIG. 2, there is shown in perspective a novel gill comprising a pair of substantially parallel,
3,434,533 Patented Mar. 25, 1969 spaced legs 4-4, defining the height of the gill, interconnected by an integral foot portion 5. Legs 4 are corrugated, preferably in such a manner that the corrugations extend parallel to one another and along the length dimension of the gill. Immediately adjacent the foot portion 5 each leg 4 has a relatively short, planar portion before the corrugations begin. Preferably, the corrugations are symmetrical with respect to a plane in which said planar portion lies. The foot portion 5 is provided with a pair of parallel, lengthwise extending and outwardly protruding ribs 6.
FIG. 3 shows, in fragmentary section, a heat exchange tube or conduit 7, to the outer face of which there is aflixed a plurality of gills of the structure shown in FIG. 2. These gills, having corrugated legs 8, extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of tube 7 and are arranged in a parallel, circumferentially spaced relation with respect to one another. It is preferred that said corrugations are symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the longitudinal axis of tube 7. Each gill is afiixed to tube 7 by means of a pair of longitudinal, continuous welds along the peak of ribs 6. Compared with the structure depicted in FIG. 1, each gill of the type shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 has a surface for contacting the ambient fluid medium of about larger without increasing the overall radial dimension of the gilled heat exchange tube. Further, the area of direct contact between each gill and the surface of the tube has been doubled by the provision of contacting ribs 6.
Turning now to FIG. 4, there is shown a second embodiment of the gill according to the invention. Here, the gill shown in perspective has an L cross-section and comprises a corrugated leg 10 and an integral foot portion 11 extending substantially normal to leg 10. The foot portion 11 is provided with a pair of parallel, lengthwise extending and outwardly protruding ribs 9. These gills are arranged on the surface of a heat exchange tube in a manner similar to that described in connection with the embodiment of FIG. 2.
Due to the particular, non-planar profile of the gills constructed according to the invention, adjacent gills on parallel and closely spaced tubes cannot be contiguous so as to block a transversal passage of the ambient fiuid. Thus, it is possible to construct effective heat exchange assemblies of more closely spaced tubes than was possible with planar gill structures used heretofore.
In addition to the improved heat exchange characteristics th novel gill structure also has improved mechanical strength. The double weld ensures a more stable securing means without increase in the thickness of the material and the corrugated nature of the radially olfstanding legs makes them less vulnerable to deformations or other mechanical damage during storage, transportation, installation or other handling operation.
Although two embodiments of the invention have been depicted and described, it will be apparent that these embodiments are illustrative in nature and that a number of modifications in the apparatus and variations in its end use may be effected without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the ap ended claims.
What is claimed it: 1. A heat exchanger comprising: (a) a tubular conduit having an external face, and (b) a plurality of circumferentially spaced gills secured to said external face and disposed thereon parallel with the longitudinal axis of said conduit, said gills being axially elongated and each including (1) an axially continuous foot portion extending throughout the length of said gill and disposed substantially parallel with and adjacent 3 9 said external face, said foot portion having at least two axially extending ribs projecting towards said external face and secured thereto by means of a Weld, and (2) at least one leg integral with said foot portion and extending substantially normal thereto, said leg provided with a plurality of radially spaced corrugations extending axially throughout the length of said gill, said corrugations being symmetrical with a plane containing said axis and passing through said leg.
2. An elongated gill adapted to be afiixed to the surface of a heat exchange conduit comprising a foot portion extending throughout the length of said gill and adapted to be disposed immediately adjacent and parallel with the surface and at least one corrugated leg integral with said foot portion and including a relatively short planar portion immediately adjacent said foot portion and extending substantially normal thereto, the corrugations of said leg being symmetrical with respect to a plane lying in said short planar portion.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 833,486 10/1906 Sager 165-183 851,978 4/1907 Bigsby et al. 165-183 1,321,030 9/1931 Sprong 165183 3,305,013 2/1967 Friedl etal. 1165-183 ROBERT A. OLEARY, Primary Examiner.
THEOPHIL W. STREULE, Assistant Examiner.
P0405) UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 569) CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 533 Dated March 25, 1969 Inventor(s) Edmond Pignal It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
F- In the heading, "assignor to Biraghi (Societe Anonyme) should read --assignor to Societe des Fabrications BIRAGHI- amnspose 4 F SIGNED AND 1 swan MAR 101970 Edward M. Fletcher, Jr.
Commissioner of Patents
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1636965A CH427868A (en) | 1965-11-26 | 1965-11-26 | Finned tube |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3434533A true US3434533A (en) | 1969-03-25 |
Family
ID=4416751
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US593138A Expired - Lifetime US3434533A (en) | 1965-11-26 | 1966-11-09 | Gilled pipes for heat exchange |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3434533A (en) |
AT (1) | AT278063B (en) |
BE (1) | BE673408A (en) |
CH (1) | CH427868A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1994723U (en) |
ES (1) | ES320881A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1460382A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1069179A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6515855A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS50132772U (en) * | 1974-04-16 | 1975-10-31 | ||
JPS50134764U (en) * | 1974-03-14 | 1975-11-06 | ||
US4224984A (en) * | 1974-03-20 | 1980-09-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Finned tube useful for heat exchangers |
US4543943A (en) * | 1982-03-11 | 1985-10-01 | Webasto-Werk W. Baier Gmbh & Co. | Heater fired with liquid fuel |
WO1987002443A1 (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1987-04-23 | Neste Oy | Heat transfer member and procedure for manufacturing same |
WO2001081022A1 (en) * | 2000-04-22 | 2001-11-01 | Bruendermann Georg | Gilled pipe |
US20110226782A1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-22 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Gas temperature moderation within compressed gas vessel through heat exchanger |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4159739A (en) * | 1977-07-13 | 1979-07-03 | Carrier Corporation | Heat transfer surface and method of manufacture |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US833486A (en) * | 1905-06-14 | 1906-10-16 | James H Sager | Means for cooling hot bodies. |
US851978A (en) * | 1906-03-09 | 1907-04-30 | Jesse W Bigsby | Explosive-engine cylinder. |
US1821080A (en) * | 1930-10-15 | 1931-09-01 | Engineering Products Corp Inc | Radiator |
US3305013A (en) * | 1963-11-01 | 1967-02-21 | Webasto Werk Baier Kg W | Heat radiator |
-
0
- BE BE673408D patent/BE673408A/xx unknown
-
1965
- 1965-11-26 CH CH1636965A patent/CH427868A/en unknown
- 1965-12-06 FR FR46671A patent/FR1460382A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-12-07 NL NL6515855A patent/NL6515855A/xx unknown
- 1965-12-09 ES ES0320881A patent/ES320881A1/en not_active Expired
- 1965-12-10 GB GB52489/65A patent/GB1069179A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-12-14 DE DE1994723U patent/DE1994723U/en not_active Expired
-
1966
- 1966-11-09 US US593138A patent/US3434533A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-11-16 AT AT1059766A patent/AT278063B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US833486A (en) * | 1905-06-14 | 1906-10-16 | James H Sager | Means for cooling hot bodies. |
US851978A (en) * | 1906-03-09 | 1907-04-30 | Jesse W Bigsby | Explosive-engine cylinder. |
US1821080A (en) * | 1930-10-15 | 1931-09-01 | Engineering Products Corp Inc | Radiator |
US3305013A (en) * | 1963-11-01 | 1967-02-21 | Webasto Werk Baier Kg W | Heat radiator |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS50134764U (en) * | 1974-03-14 | 1975-11-06 | ||
JPS5632790Y2 (en) * | 1974-03-14 | 1981-08-04 | ||
US4224984A (en) * | 1974-03-20 | 1980-09-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Finned tube useful for heat exchangers |
JPS50132772U (en) * | 1974-04-16 | 1975-10-31 | ||
US4543943A (en) * | 1982-03-11 | 1985-10-01 | Webasto-Werk W. Baier Gmbh & Co. | Heater fired with liquid fuel |
WO1987002443A1 (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1987-04-23 | Neste Oy | Heat transfer member and procedure for manufacturing same |
WO2001081022A1 (en) * | 2000-04-22 | 2001-11-01 | Bruendermann Georg | Gilled pipe |
US6843273B2 (en) | 2000-04-22 | 2005-01-18 | Georg Brundermann | Gilled pipe |
US20110226782A1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-22 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Gas temperature moderation within compressed gas vessel through heat exchanger |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE673408A (en) | |
CH427868A (en) | 1967-01-15 |
ES320881A1 (en) | 1966-10-01 |
NL6515855A (en) | 1967-05-29 |
DE1994723U (en) | 1968-10-17 |
AT278063B (en) | 1970-01-26 |
FR1460382A (en) | 1966-06-17 |
GB1069179A (en) | 1967-05-17 |
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