US3429736A - Ceramic-metal seals - Google Patents

Ceramic-metal seals Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3429736A
US3429736A US492939A US3429736DA US3429736A US 3429736 A US3429736 A US 3429736A US 492939 A US492939 A US 492939A US 3429736D A US3429736D A US 3429736DA US 3429736 A US3429736 A US 3429736A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
coating
metal
ceramic
iron
powder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US492939A
Inventor
Stewart Philip Thompson
William Delroy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3429736A publication Critical patent/US3429736A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C04B35/6365—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/003—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts
    • C04B37/006—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of a combination of materials selected from glass, or ceramic material with metals, metal oxides or metal salts consisting of metals or metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
    • C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
    • C04B37/026—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of metals or metal salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
    • C04B41/5144—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal with a composition mainly composed of one or more of the metals of the iron group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/88—Metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
    • C04B2237/122—Metallic interlayers based on refractory metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
    • C04B2237/123—Metallic interlayers based on iron group metals, e.g. steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
    • C04B2237/126—Metallic interlayers wherein the active component for bonding is not the largest fraction of the interlayer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/40—Metallic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/70—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness
    • C04B2237/708—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising layers of a specific, unusual thickness of one or more of the interlayers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/72—Forming laminates or joined articles comprising at least two interlayers directly next to each other

Definitions

  • Ceramic articles have a fired coating of a eutetic mixture of metal oxides having a melting temperature below that of the ceramic and including another metal of the group of nickel, cobalt and iron. The coating does not react chemically with the ceramic and is wettable by brazing alloys to provide a hermetic seal.
  • This invention relates to the metallizing of ceramic articles whereby they may be brazed to metal members or to other similarly metallized ceramic parts.
  • the invention finds particular application in the manufacture of hermetically sealed envelopes for electric discharge devices and terminal plates for other electrical apparatus.
  • the mixture of metal oxides is a eutectic mixture, of which several examples include 92% of Cu O, 8% SiO 50% Li O, 50% SiO 82% SiO 18% Li O; 55% Cr O 45% C20; 52% CaO, 48% B 0 36% MgO, 64% B 0 and 25% SiO 65% MnO.
  • metallizing powder is likewise quite wide and includes molybdenum and tungsten, nickel-chrome alloy, stainless steel, silicon carbide and molybdenum disilicide.
  • the examples of metallizing powder given, particularly molybdenum, provide metal to ceramic seals of high strength.
  • molybdenum which in common with all metallizing powders quoted in the present specification, is not wet readily by the usual brazing alloys such as copper-silver and copper-gold. The fired coating has therefore to be nickel-plated before being brazed to another article.
  • a ceramic article having a fired coating wettable by brazing alloys wherein the fired coating includes, at least on its outer surface, nickel, cobalt, or iron, or a mixture of these.
  • the fired coating on the ceramic article may consist of a mixture of metal oxides, preferably a eutectic mixture, with metallizing powder of nickel, cobalt or iron or a mixture of these.
  • the strength of a typical seal using iron is 8,000 lbs/inch compared to 14,500 lbs./in. for a similar seal based on molybdenum, the stresses quoted being those required to rupture a seal in a standard tensile testing machine.
  • EXAMPLE 1 An iron powder mixture is made up as follows:
  • the eutectic mixture given above may be used before-firing or, alternatively, the outer coating may be applied by the method given in the following example.
  • Metal powder iron, cobalt or nickel 6/L-30 g. Nitrocellulose-amyl-acetate binder, 17 mls.
  • the molybdenum-based paint is, however, applied only to a thickness of 0.0015 of an inch and the final layer of iron group paint is 0.0005 inch thick.
  • the ceramic article is then fired in a hydrogen furnace at 1200 C. The furnace is heated slowly and then maintained at the desired temperature above and close to the eutectic temperature for 30 minutes with a continuous flow of wet hydrogen. The articles are then cooled to about 200 C. before removal.
  • the paint then consisting, by way of example, of 20 g. of metal oxide dispersed in 7 mls. of binder. The metal oxide is reduced to the metal during the hydrogen firing.
  • a ceramic article having a fired coating of a eutectic mixture of metal oxides selected from the group consisting of cuprous oxide, silica, lithium oxide, chromic sesquioxide, calcium oxide, boric anhydride, magnesium oxide, manganese oxide and alumina having a definite melting temperature below that of any constituent of the ceramic and which does not chemically react therewith, the coating being fired at a temperature above and close to the eutectic temperature of between 1000 to 1300 C. for a sufiicient time for said coating to be capable of forming a hermetic seal, said coating being wettable by brazing alloys and including at least on its outer surface a metal of the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron.
  • metal oxides selected from the group consisting of cuprous oxide, silica, lithium oxide, chromic sesquioxide, calcium oxide, boric anhydride, magnesium oxide, manganese oxide and alumina having a definite melting temperature below that of any constituent of the ceramic and which does not chemically react there
  • a method of coating a ceramic article including applying a coating of a eutectic mixture of metal oxides selected from the group consisting of cuprous oxide, silica, lithium oxide, chromic sesquioxide, calcium oxide, boric anhydride, magnesium oxide, manganese oxide and alumina having a definite melting temperature below that of any constituent of the ceramic and which when fired do not chemically react with said ceramic, said coating including a metal of the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron and, firing said coating at a temperature close to and above said eutectic temperature of between 1000 to 1300 C. in a reducing atmosphere for a sufiicient time to obtain a coating capable of hermetic sealing to metal articles by brazing.
  • metal oxides selected from the group consisting of cuprous oxide, silica, lithium oxide, chromic sesquioxide, calcium oxide, boric anhydride, magnesium oxide, manganese oxide and alumina having a definite melting temperature below that of any constituent of the ceramic and which when fired do not chemically
  • the method of claim 3 including applying a first coating including said mixture of metal oxides and a metallizing powder having molybdenum therein and applying a second coating including said metal of said group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron before firing.
  • the coating includes a second metal oxide of said metal of the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron.

Description

United States Patent 47,320/64 U.S. 'Cl. 11770 7 Claims Int. Cl. B32]: 17/06; B28b 19/00 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Ceramic articles have a fired coating of a eutetic mixture of metal oxides having a melting temperature below that of the ceramic and including another metal of the group of nickel, cobalt and iron. The coating does not react chemically with the ceramic and is wettable by brazing alloys to provide a hermetic seal.
This invention relates to the metallizing of ceramic articles whereby they may be brazed to metal members or to other similarly metallized ceramic parts. The invention finds particular application in the manufacture of hermetically sealed envelopes for electric discharge devices and terminal plates for other electrical apparatus.
In application Ser. No. 444,100, filed Mar. 23, 1964, and assigned to the same assignee as the instant invention, there is disclosed and claimed a ceramic article having thereon a fired coating of a mixture of metal oxides having a definite melting temperature below that of any constituent of the ceramic and not forming a chemical reaction product with the ceramic, the coating being loaded with a metallizing power such that the ceramic article may be hermetically sealed to a metal article by brazing the metal article to the loaded coating or onto a layer of another metal plated on the coating. Preferably the mixture of metal oxides is a eutectic mixture, of which several examples include 92% of Cu O, 8% SiO 50% Li O, 50% SiO 82% SiO 18% Li O; 55% Cr O 45% C20; 52% CaO, 48% B 0 36% MgO, 64% B 0 and 25% SiO 65% MnO.
The choice of metallizing powder is likewise quite wide and includes molybdenum and tungsten, nickel-chrome alloy, stainless steel, silicon carbide and molybdenum disilicide. The examples of metallizing powder given, particularly molybdenum, provide metal to ceramic seals of high strength. On the other hand molybdenum, which in common with all metallizing powders quoted in the present specification, is not wet readily by the usual brazing alloys such as copper-silver and copper-gold. The fired coating has therefore to be nickel-plated before being brazed to another article.
According to the present invention there is provided a ceramic article having a fired coating wettable by brazing alloys wherein the fired coating includes, at least on its outer surface, nickel, cobalt, or iron, or a mixture of these.
For some purposes, where a comparatively weak seal can be tolerated, the fired coating on the ceramic article may consist of a mixture of metal oxides, preferably a eutectic mixture, with metallizing powder of nickel, cobalt or iron or a mixture of these. The strength of a typical seal using iron is 8,000 lbs/inch compared to 14,500 lbs./in. for a similar seal based on molybdenum, the stresses quoted being those required to rupture a seal in a standard tensile testing machine. If the stronger seal is required, then we have found it satisfactory to prepare a coating as described in the aforementioned parent specification but, before firing, to apply a second coating containing the metal or oxide of nickel, cobalt or iron or a mixture of these and then to fire the composite coating in a reducing atmosphere.
Examples of these two methods of manufacture are given below.
EXAMPLE 1 An iron powder mixture is made up as follows:
G. Iron powder (6,) Manganese dioxide (technical) 19 Silica powder (technical) 24.5 Alumina powder 10 This mixture is ball-milled with a binder of nitrocellulose in amyl-acetate for several hours until the maximum particle size is reduced to less than 10 The resultant paint is applied to the ceramic to a thickness of 0.002 to 0.003 inch. Firing is carried out at 1200 C. in wet hydrogen for 30 minutes. The fired coating can be brazed by conventional techniques to nickel-cobalt-iron alloys without further treatment.
For providing, for example, an outer layer of an iron group metal to the molybdenum powder coating given in the example of the parent specification, the eutectic mixture given above may be used before-firing or, alternatively, the outer coating may be applied by the method given in the following example.
EXAMPLE II A molybdenum powder-loaded coating containing molybdenum powder of 99.87% or greater purity, of particle size 15;t125 grams; Mn019 grams, silica powder--24.5 grams; high purity alumina-10 grams, with a binder as described above, is applied to a ceramic article and, before firing, an outer coating of a paint made up as follows is applied:
Metal powder (iron, cobalt or nickel) 6/L-30 g. Nitrocellulose-amyl-acetate binder, 17 mls.
The molybdenum-based paint is, however, applied only to a thickness of 0.0015 of an inch and the final layer of iron group paint is 0.0005 inch thick. The ceramic article is then fired in a hydrogen furnace at 1200 C. The furnace is heated slowly and then maintained at the desired temperature above and close to the eutectic temperature for 30 minutes with a continuous flow of wet hydrogen. The articles are then cooled to about 200 C. before removal.
Instead of using metal powder for the coating, it is satisfactory to use metal oxide, the paint then consisting, by way of example, of 20 g. of metal oxide dispersed in 7 mls. of binder. The metal oxide is reduced to the metal during the hydrogen firing.
It is to be understood that the foregoing description of specific examples of this invention is made by way of example only and is not to be considered as a limitation on its scope.
We claim:
1. A ceramic article having a fired coating of a eutectic mixture of metal oxides selected from the group consisting of cuprous oxide, silica, lithium oxide, chromic sesquioxide, calcium oxide, boric anhydride, magnesium oxide, manganese oxide and alumina having a definite melting temperature below that of any constituent of the ceramic and which does not chemically react therewith, the coating being fired at a temperature above and close to the eutectic temperature of between 1000 to 1300 C. for a sufiicient time for said coating to be capable of forming a hermetic seal, said coating being wettable by brazing alloys and including at least on its outer surface a metal of the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron.
2. A ceramic article as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating includes a metallizing powder of said metal of the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron.
"3. A method of coating a ceramic article including applying a coating of a eutectic mixture of metal oxides selected from the group consisting of cuprous oxide, silica, lithium oxide, chromic sesquioxide, calcium oxide, boric anhydride, magnesium oxide, manganese oxide and alumina having a definite melting temperature below that of any constituent of the ceramic and which when fired do not chemically react with said ceramic, said coating including a metal of the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron and, firing said coating at a temperature close to and above said eutectic temperature of between 1000 to 1300 C. in a reducing atmosphere for a sufiicient time to obtain a coating capable of hermetic sealing to metal articles by brazing.
4. The method of claim 3 including applying a first coating including said mixture of metal oxides and a metallizing powder having molybdenum therein and applying a second coating including said metal of said group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron before firing.
5. The article of claim 1 wherein the coating includes a second metal oxide of said metal of the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron.
6. The method of claim 3 wherein said metal of said group is in the form of an oxide.
7. The method of claim 3 wherein said metal of said group is in the form of a metallizing powder.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,051,592 8/1962 Woerner 117-123 XR 3,107,756 10/ 1963 Gallet.
3,132,044 5/ 1964 Pearsall 117123 XR 3,215,555 11/1965 Krey 117--123 XR FOREIGN PATENTS 1,134,922 8/ 1962 Germany.
ALFRED L. LEAVIIT, Primary Examiner.
20 W. F. CYRON, Assistant Examiner.
US. Cl. X.R. 11771, 123, 169
US492939A 1964-11-20 1965-10-04 Ceramic-metal seals Expired - Lifetime US3429736A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB47320/64A GB1029879A (en) 1964-11-20 1964-11-20 Ceramic-metal seals

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3429736A true US3429736A (en) 1969-02-25

Family

ID=10444531

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US492939A Expired - Lifetime US3429736A (en) 1964-11-20 1965-10-04 Ceramic-metal seals

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3429736A (en)
GB (1) GB1029879A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3590468A (en) * 1969-02-19 1971-07-06 Sperry Rand Corp Glassy phase method for making pure alumina-to-metal hermetic seals
US4846163A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-07-11 Cooper Industries, Inc. Method of sealing capacitor bushings
EP0358361A2 (en) * 1988-09-08 1990-03-14 Corning Incorporated Thermite coatings
FR3014000A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2015-06-05 Diamonde METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AND REPAIRING A CUTTING TOOL

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1134922B (en) * 1960-10-26 1962-08-16 Steatit Magnesia Ag Process for coating a ceramic surface with a firmly adhering hard and soft solderable metal layer
US3051592A (en) * 1958-09-29 1962-08-28 Penta Lab Inc Ceramic metalizing process
US3107756A (en) * 1958-09-16 1963-10-22 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Metalized ceramic members
US3132044A (en) * 1957-11-19 1964-05-05 Varian Associates Metalized ceramic for bonding to metals
US3215555A (en) * 1962-03-29 1965-11-02 Rca Corp Methods and materials for metallizing ceramic or glass bodies

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3132044A (en) * 1957-11-19 1964-05-05 Varian Associates Metalized ceramic for bonding to metals
US3107756A (en) * 1958-09-16 1963-10-22 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Metalized ceramic members
US3051592A (en) * 1958-09-29 1962-08-28 Penta Lab Inc Ceramic metalizing process
DE1134922B (en) * 1960-10-26 1962-08-16 Steatit Magnesia Ag Process for coating a ceramic surface with a firmly adhering hard and soft solderable metal layer
US3215555A (en) * 1962-03-29 1965-11-02 Rca Corp Methods and materials for metallizing ceramic or glass bodies

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3590468A (en) * 1969-02-19 1971-07-06 Sperry Rand Corp Glassy phase method for making pure alumina-to-metal hermetic seals
US4846163A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-07-11 Cooper Industries, Inc. Method of sealing capacitor bushings
EP0358361A2 (en) * 1988-09-08 1990-03-14 Corning Incorporated Thermite coatings
EP0358361A3 (en) * 1988-09-08 1990-05-23 Corning Incorporated Thermite coatings
FR3014000A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2015-06-05 Diamonde METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AND REPAIRING A CUTTING TOOL

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1029879A (en) 1966-05-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2667432A (en) Metalized ceramic
US3620799A (en) Method for metallizing a ceramic body
US3403043A (en) Ceramic-metal seals
US2996401A (en) Method of making ceramic structures for electron tubes
US2776472A (en) Method of making a ceramic-to-metal bond
US3281309A (en) Ceramic bonding
EP0083834B1 (en) Metal ceramics composites and a method for producing said composites
US2282106A (en) Ceramic-to-metal seal
US3927223A (en) Method of forming refractory oxide coatings
US2163407A (en) Ceramic-to-metal seal
US3277150A (en) Brazing of ceramics and palladiumnickel-titanium brazing alloy therefor
US3624007A (en) Electrical contact material and method of making and utilizing the same
US2227770A (en) Composite glass and ceramic article
US3881904A (en) Method of joining a pair of silicon nitride parts
US3367696A (en) Metal to ceramic seal
US2163410A (en) Ceramic-to-metal seal
US3312533A (en) Ceramic article with sintered metallic layer and flux
US3175937A (en) Method of bonding metals using borosilicate glasses
US3429736A (en) Ceramic-metal seals
US4163074A (en) Method for fast adhesion of silver to nitride type ceramics
US2820534A (en) Hermetic ceramic-metal seal and method of making the same
US3296017A (en) Method of chemically bonding a metal to a ceramic
Kohl Ceramics and ceramic-to-metal sealing
US3637435A (en) Metallizing process for glass-free ceramics bodies
US3189476A (en) Metallizing process for ceramics