US342534A - Shingle-sawing machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. J. PERKINS.

SHINGLE SAWING MAGHINE.

No. 342,534. Patented May 25, 1886.

NITED STATES PATENT Erica.

\VILLIS J. PERKINS, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

SHlNGLE-SAWING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 342,534, dated May 25, 1886.

Application filed June 8, 1885. Serial No. 168,028. (No model.)

To (tZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIS J. PERKINS, 0 Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shingle-Sawing Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,'such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in shingle-machines.

It is very desirable that shingles should be provided with beveled butts, since the outer edge of the square-cut butt shades a portion of the underlying shingle and causes it to remain damp for a greater length of time than the remainder of the shingle after each rain or dew, thereby encouraging the growth of moss and forming a nucleus for decay. The fall of water from the upper onto the underlying shingle also tends to wear away that portion of the shingle near the overlapping butt more rapidly than the remainder of the shingle. The square-cut butts also allow the wind to'get a stronger hold on them, and are more unsightly than the beveled butts.

It is desirable that shingles should be out exactly equal in length, thereby obviating the following objections produced by their varying. Shingles of uneven lengths vary in thickness in a direct ratio according to the taper on which they are sawed, consequently producing spaces underneath or unduly raising up the overlapping shingle. equal lengths the roof, if boarded solidly, may be lined off in advance of the workmen by the usual chalk-line mark, and'shingles all laid by their points, the butt-s of necessity being on a straight line. Shingles have hitherto been out with beveled butts and of equal length by means of rotary cutters, either alone or in combination with saws on power-feed shingle-machines. The objection, however, has been that when cutters of sufficient thickness to give the required bevel are used in connection with hand-feed machines the drag or resistance, according to the direction in which the cutters rotate, is so great that it either draws the carriage out of the grasp of the operator or prevents him from pushing it forward, except by the outlay of too much \Vith shingles of strength to make the working of the machine practicable.

The object of my present invention is to provide mechanism whereby the shingles may be cut of an exactly equal length and their butts beveled without producing a drag or resistance sufficient to materially interfere with the sawyers labor in sliding the bolt to and from the saw; a further object being to accomplish these results without materially increasing the cost of production; a further object being to provide mechanism for the above purpose which shall be simple and capable of ready adjustments for determining different lengths of shingles and for taking up wear of saw.

\Vith these ends in view my invention consists in certain features of construction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view of the beveling and length-equalizing mechanism in connection with a hand-feed shingle-machine. Fig. 2 is a crosssection of the machine, showing the beveling-saws in their position on the cross-girt. Fig. 3 is a detached view of one of the yokes carrying the saw-arbor, and Fig. 4 is a detached View of the horizontal slide for securing the yoke to the girt. Fig. 5 is a modification.

The shinglemachine shown herewith in connection with my improved mechanism for beveling and equalizing thelengths of shingles is of the single-block hand-feed style shown and fully described in Letters Patent N o. 272,3l6, granted me February 13, 1883, and consists, essentially, of ahorizontal frame, A, supported at its front and rear ends by vertical legs B B, a horizontal circular saw, 0, having its arbor journaled in the cross-girders of the leg B, a bolt-carriage, D, adapted to slide on suitable ways, E, formed integral with or secured to the frame A, a tilt-table, F, located beneath the sliding carriage D, and mechanism for operating the movable dog 6 on the bolt-carriage and for tilting the opposite sides of the tilt-table F at pleasure.

I find it convenient to use a third leg, G, located between the legs B B, and provided with a cross-girder, g, which forms a support at the same time for one end of the tilt-table and for the beveling-saws.

The front face of the girder g is provided with broad, flat, horizontal ways H, on which the adjusting-plates 71 are adapted to slide, and to which the said plates h are secured in the desired horizontal adjustment by means of clamp-screws I, extending through perforations i in theplates and through elongated slots t" in the girder.

To determine the horizontal adjustment of the plate It with great exactness, I further provide the adj usting-screw K, which works in a forwardly-projecting lug, k, secured to the girder g, and impinges against the end of the sliding plate H. The outer faceof the plate H is provided with an oblique groove, L, in which a tongue, m, on the face of the yokestem M is adapted to fit and slide. The yokestem M is provided with a slot, m, elongated in the direction of the length of the groove L, through which the above-mentioned clampscrew I extends, and serves to lock the yoke in the desired obliquely-sliding adjustment within the groove L simultaneously with locking the plate H, and hence the yoke, in the desired horizontal adjustment. An adjustingscrew, 1, works in a lug, L, secured to the lower cor.- ner of the plate H, and impinges against a lug or shoulder, n, on the yoke-stem for the purpose of adjusting the yoke to compensate for wear of saw.

O is the arbor of the beveling-saw P. It is journaled in suitable boxes, 0, secured to the ends ot'the yoke M, and has a position at right angles to the length of the groove L. The obliquity of the saw P is therefore determined by the obliquity of the groove L.

Motion is imparted to the saws P from a transverse shaft, Q, journaled in brackets R, secured to the rear supporting-brackets B. The shaft Q is provided with two band-pul leys, q, located near the sides of the machine, said pulleys being connected with corresponding pulleys, 1', secured on the arbors D of the bevel-saws ,by the belts S S. The pulleys q and 'r are sufficiently elongated to admit of the de sired adjustments of the bevelingsaws; or the pulleys q maybe horizontallyadjustable on the shaft Q; or the shaft Q may be horizontally adjusted by the screws B or vertically adjusted by the screws B to make the belt track. Any other means for adjusting these parts may be employed. One end of the shaft Q projects beyond the side of the machine, and is provided with a drive-pulley, S, which is connected with a corresponding pulley on a counter-shaft. (Not shown.)

The beveling-saws P project above the face of the bolt resting on the tilt-table a distance equal to the thickness of the shingle to be cut, and as the bolt is slid toward the saw C the length of the shingle is determined by the cuts made in the lower face of the bolt by the small saws P I. As the saw 0 cuts the shingle from the bolt the butt and point pieces which lie between the cuts on the saws P and the face of the bolt is ready for another cut.

It is evident that the length of the shingle can be determined to the finest degree of accuracy by the horizontal adjustments of the plates h, and that the wear of the saws P may be taken up and their depth of cut determined with accuracy by means of the sliding yokes M. It is further evident that the saws may be set to any desired angle or degree of obliquity by a change in the obliquity of the groove L, or by so constructing the way H and plate It that they may have a rotary adjustment on the girder. It seems hardly necessary, however, to provide for an indefinite number of oblique adjustments for the saws, as the most advantageous angle can be determined beforehand and the groove L cut to correspond; or, if two or th ree bevels are found desirable, interchangeable plates h, pro vided with grooves set at the approved angles, may be employed and shifted with very little trouble and in a very short time.

As there are only two general directionsiu which a shingle-butt can be beveled relatively to the plane .of a cross-section, it necessarily limits the general directions of the sawarbors rection shown on account of convenience in belting them to the driving-shaft. The support for the arbors 0 may be independent of the machine-supports and adapted to hold the saws in the same position relative to the machine which they occupy in the present case, above explained. The bevel might be formed, also, by the use of a pair of thick bevel-faced saws or cutters located the length of a shingle apart on a horizontal transverse shaft, or by a pair of rotary bevel-faced cutters secured on a pair of upright shafts placed at the proper distance apart. The objection, however, to these means for beveliug is the same as that set forth in the early part of this specificationviz., the tendency to produce too much drag or too much resistance to render them practicable.

A pair of cylindrical cutters secured on a pair of horizontal shafts, as shown in Fig. 5, might also be employed to give the butt a concave bevel and determine its length, and while the drag and resistance would be less marked by'this construction the width of cut would necessarily be so great as to impede the progress of the bolt or require an unusually high rate of speed in the cutters, which would necessarily increase the frictional wear.

It is evident that other modifications in the construction and arrangement of parts might be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention; hence I do not wish to limit myself strictly to the construction herein set forth; but,

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a shingle-sawing machine, the combination, with a machine-frame, a bolt-carriage, holding-dogs, and devices for determining the thickness and taper of the shingle, of a saw .0. I find it convenient to set them in the di- IIO for cutting the shingle from the bolt, an inclined shaft, and an auxiliary saw secured to said inclined shaft for beveling the shinglebutt while the shingle bolt is moving, substantially as set forth.

2. In a shingle-sawing machine, the combination, with a machine-frame, asaw journaled in said frame for cutting the shingles from the bolt, a bolt-carriage, and devices for determining the general form of the shingles, of two shafts arranged angularly in the shaft of the primary saw, and an auxiliary saw secured to each shaft, the said auxiliary saws adapted to bevel the butts and equalize the lengths of the shingles, substantially as set forth.'

3. In a shingle-sawing machine, the combination, with a machine-frame, asaw journaled in said frame for cutting the shingle from the bolt, a boltcarriage, and devices for determining the general form of the shingle, of a shaft set at an angle to the shaft of the primary saw, an auxiliary saw secured on said inclined shaft and arranged to bevel the butts of the shingle, and mechanism for adjusting the shaft of the auxiliary saw horizontally, substantially as set forth.

4. In a shingle sawing machine, the combination, with a machine-frame, a saw arbor or shaft journaled therein, a saw secured to said shaft, a bolt-carriage, and devices for determining the general form of the shingles, of an inclined shaft arranged at an angle to the shaft of the primary saw, an auxiliary saw secured thereon, and devices for vertically adjusting the auxiliary saw.

5. In a shingle-sawing machine, the combination, with the supporting-frame, bolt-carriage mounted thereon, a shaft or arbor, a saw secured to said shaft or arbor, and means for determining the general form of the shingle, of one or more inclined shafts set at an angle to the shaft or arbor of the primary saw and located in advance of said primary saw, and an auxiliary saw secured to each inclined shaft and adapted to bevel the shingle-butt, substantially as set forth.

6. In a shingle-sawing machine, the combination, with a machine-frame, a saw shaft or arbor journaled therein, a saw secured on said arbor, and a bolt-carriage, of one or more sawarbors arranged at an angle to the shaft of the primary saw and in advance of said primary saw, an auxiliary saw secured to each inclined shaft, and a driving-shaft journaled in boxes secured to the machine-frame and connected to the shafts of the auxiliary saws, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

\VILLIS J. PERKINS. Witnesses:

ARTHUR O. DENISON,

FRED W. STEVENS.

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