US3423492A - Method and machine for the manufacture of lengthened objects of concrete - Google Patents

Method and machine for the manufacture of lengthened objects of concrete Download PDF

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Publication number
US3423492A
US3423492A US523602A US3423492DA US3423492A US 3423492 A US3423492 A US 3423492A US 523602 A US523602 A US 523602A US 3423492D A US3423492D A US 3423492DA US 3423492 A US3423492 A US 3423492A
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United States
Prior art keywords
concrete
layer
container
water
machine
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Expired - Lifetime
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US523602A
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English (en)
Inventor
Per Olof Jonell
Sven Melker Nilsson
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OLOF JONELL
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OLOF JONELL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/084—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting the vibrating moulds or cores being moved horizontally for making strands of moulded articles

Definitions

  • the concrete mixture in the container has a water-cement number less than about 0.32.
  • Water is added to the concrete layer on the bed at the front end of the layer and the layer is compacted by vibrating the layer after a stripping of its upper surface by means of a slide having a vibrator. The vibration is carried out so that the water-cement number in the concrete during the vibration is partly equalized but after the completed vibrating operation is somewhat lower in the upper portion of the layer than in the lower portion of the same.
  • the concrete is fed out through an opening at the lower end of a container down on a plane bed.
  • the container is slowly moved forwards on the bed.
  • a slide provided with a vibrator by means of which the concrete layer formed on the bed is vibrated and compressed.
  • the container and the vibrating slide are moved with an even speed over the bed.
  • the method requires that the concrete has a great resistance when it leaves the layer formed in such 'a' way that the product maintains its shape without sagging or bursting.
  • the method further requires that the concrete has such a consistency and floating ability during the vibration that the iron rods of the reinforcement, when such is used, are completely embedded and enclosed by the concrete.
  • the vibrator With very thin slabs the vibrator must work in such a way that, simultaneously as the slide is pressed down, it is also given a returning movement. By means of the last mentioned movement the friction between the slide and the concrete creates a rearwardly directed force which prevents the occurring of fissures in the concrete.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks and to render possible by means of moulding with a sliding mould a production of concrete objects with a thickness less than 3 cm. whereas the product obtained has no detrimental fissures or cavities. Further, the product will have a resistance which has not been possible to attain by means of previously known methods.
  • the main feature of the invention is to be seen therein that the concrete mixture in the container is given a water-cement number that does not exceed about 0.32, prefer-ably about 0.25-0.27, and therein that water is continuously added on the concrete layer fed to the bed at the front end of the same.
  • the mixture in the container has the low water-cement number indicated in the aforegoing, the mixture will, without being stuck to the container walls, evenly flow out at the lower end of the container in such a way that an even layer is formed on the bed. Due to the low water-cement number of the mixture the final product will have a great resistance provided that the compression will be sufficient.
  • the method also makes it possible to give the concrete in the lower portion of the slab a higher and a sufficiently great water content in such a way that the reinforcement which normally is arranged in this layer will be completely embedded in the concrete. For the reason that one also obtains a higher water content in the upper layer than in the lower one, there is obtained a stronger concrete in the upper region which as known is desirable from the resistance point of view.
  • the invention also has reference to a machine for carrying the invention into effect.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical longitudinal section through a machine according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the same machine on the line IIII in FIG. 1, and
  • FIG. 3 ShOWs a cross section through a machine according to a modified embodiment.
  • the forming machine shown in the drawings comprises a container 1 with an opening 2 extending in the transversal direction of the machine for feeding out the concrete mixture 3 in the container.
  • the container 1 is carried on a stand 4 with running wheels 5 for the displacement of the machine on a plane bed 6. So as to form the sides of the concrete layer or the concrete object 7 manufactured by means of the machine there are arranged parallel side walls 8.
  • the machine is further provided with a slide 9 for forming the upper side 10 of the object 7.
  • the slide 9 is provided with a vibrator 11 for compressing the concrete layer 7 in vertical direction.
  • Reference letter 12 denotes a stripper at the rear border of the container 1 intended for the smoothening of the upper surface of the concrete mass when it has left the container.
  • the slide 9 is at its rear end provided with a somewhat resilient steel plate 13 which prevents the concrete layer from forming a transverse elevation, viz. a socalled pressure bank.
  • the container 1 is frontally provided with a number of spraying jets 14 which by means of a hose 15 are in communication with a hose (not shown) for water under pressure.
  • the jets 14 are directed against the front border of the feeding opening 2.
  • the displacement of the machine over the bed 6 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is supposed to be carried out by means of a rope or wire 17 attached with one end to the front end of the machine at 16, said wire 17 or the like by means of a winch (not shown) being wheeled up as the towing of the machine proceeds towards this end of the bed.
  • Reference numeral 18 denotes a number of reinforcing rods which extend in the longitudinal direction of the final concrete object 7.
  • the rather dry concrete mixture (a watercement number of 0.25-0.27) is fed or flows through the opening 2 down onto the bed 6 whereby there is formed the slope 20 of the concrete mixture inclining frontwards and somewhat downwards with a certain falling angle below the front border 21 of the opening 2. Onto this slope there is sprayed water from the jets 14 as evenly as possible. A part of the water then flows down against the bed 6 where thus the water-cement number of the layer will be the highest one. The upper surface of the concrete layer will automatically be smoothened by the stripper 12.
  • the front border 21 must be situated on a lower level than the stripper 12.
  • the concrete layer is compressed due to the vibrations of the vibrator 11 and thereby the desired density of the layer is obtained.
  • a portion of the water is pressed upwards in such a way that there is obtained a certain equalizing of the water content in the whole of the layer.
  • the water contents at the upper surface will never be so high that there occurs any risk that the slide 9 be stuck to the layer. It is hereby ensured a smooth and firm range in the final product also at the upper surface. This effect is obtained by means of a correct choice of the level of the frontal border 21 which may be adjustable in vertical direction.
  • the product will be very firm and there is no risk for its being distorted.
  • the machine may be displaced with a rather high speed.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a modification of the machine according to FIGS. 1 and 2 provided with lateral walls 8' which, by means of springing means 22, are carried on the stand 4 and provided with a vibrator 11 for the vibration of the walls. It is hereby rendered possible to compress the concrete layer 7' also in horizontal direction.
  • tubular cores 25 By means of tubular cores 25 it is possible continuously to shape longitudinal holes in the concrete object 7'.
  • the cores 25 are moved continuously together with the forming machine over the bed 6.
  • the machine can be used also for the manufacture of concrete poles for reinforcing the ground.
  • a method for the manufacture of lengthened objects, in particular rather thin objects of concrete, by means of a sliding mould comprising feeding a concrete mixture from a container down on a bed by continuously moving said container over said bed, forming said concrete mixture on said bed into a layer having longitudinal borders parallel to each other, using a concrete mixture in said container with a water-cement number less than about 0.32, continuously adding water to the concrete layer on said bed at the front end of said layer, compacting said layer by vibrating the layer after a stripping of its upper surface by means of a slide having a vibrator, said vibration being carried out so that the water-cement number in the concrete during the vibration is partly equalized but after the completed vibrating operation is somewhat lower in the upper portion of said layer than in the lower portion of the same.
  • a machine for the manufacture of lengthened objects of concrete comprising a container for a mixture of concrete having a discharge opening at the lower end, a stand carrying said container, means for displacing said stand along a bed, said stand having side walls for forming the longitudinal sides of a layer of concrete formed on said bed, a stripper arranged on the rear end of said container for smoothening the upper surface of said layer, a water spraying device arranged in front of said container to spray water continuously against the front end of said layer, a slide provided with a vibrator and arranged behind said stripper for the vibration of the upper surface of the layer formed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
US523602A 1965-02-05 1966-01-28 Method and machine for the manufacture of lengthened objects of concrete Expired - Lifetime US3423492A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1467/65A SE309556B (hu) 1965-02-05 1965-02-05

Publications (1)

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US3423492A true US3423492A (en) 1969-01-21

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US523602A Expired - Lifetime US3423492A (en) 1965-02-05 1966-01-28 Method and machine for the manufacture of lengthened objects of concrete

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Country Link
US (1) US3423492A (hu)
DK (1) DK112502B (hu)
FI (1) FI47542C (hu)
FR (1) FR1467355A (hu)
NO (1) NO118057B (hu)
SE (1) SE309556B (hu)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3683760A (en) * 1969-10-01 1972-08-15 Ronald L Silva Process of infusing liquid into settable porous material
US3799714A (en) * 1971-12-29 1974-03-26 W Vetovitz Mortar applicator
US3841811A (en) * 1972-02-07 1974-10-15 Stratifies Ste Indle Equipment for the continuous production of panels of synthetic material
US3922125A (en) * 1969-12-23 1975-11-25 Borge Christensen Apparatus for forming continuous lengths of construction elements
USRE29416E (en) * 1971-02-12 1977-09-27 Societe Industrielle De Stratifies Equipment for the continuous production of panels of synthetic material
US4202658A (en) * 1977-08-10 1980-05-13 Paraisten Kalkki Oy-Pargas Kalk Ab Glide-casting machine for the manufacturing of hollow slabs and equivalent
US4203788A (en) * 1978-03-16 1980-05-20 Clear Theodore E Methods for manufacturing cementitious reinforced panels
US4281952A (en) * 1978-03-16 1981-08-04 Clear Theodore E Methods and apparatus for stacking cementitious reinforced panels
US4379683A (en) * 1980-05-14 1983-04-12 Rodgers Stuart N Concrete forming apparatus
US4420295A (en) * 1979-09-26 1983-12-13 Clear Theodore E Apparatus for manufacturing cementitious reinforced panels
USRE31921E (en) * 1978-03-16 1985-06-25 Methods and apparatus for stacking cementitious reinforced panels
USRE32038E (en) * 1978-03-16 1985-11-26 Methods for manufacturing cementitious reinforced panels
USRE32037E (en) * 1978-03-16 1985-11-26 Methods for manufacturing cementitious reinforced panels
US4609303A (en) * 1981-12-07 1986-09-02 Shumaker O R Slip-form for concrete pathways
US4642042A (en) * 1985-07-05 1987-02-10 International Fuel Cells Corporation Apparatus for making composite sheets
US4966490A (en) * 1989-11-13 1990-10-30 Hodson James V Apparatus for use in applying a thin resinous coating to existing surfaces
US5366676A (en) * 1991-12-17 1994-11-22 Shigeru Kobayashi Method and apparatus for manufacturing concrete panels by continuous pressing
US5779953A (en) * 1994-04-29 1998-07-14 Partek Concrete Engineering Oy Method and a device for making concrete products
US6740282B1 (en) * 1998-06-24 2004-05-25 Svedberg Bjoern Method and device for magnetic alignment of fibres
US20100132870A1 (en) * 2006-11-01 2010-06-03 United States Gypsum Company Panel smoothing process and apparatus for forming a smooth continuous surface on fiber-reinforced structural cement panels
US20140057059A1 (en) * 2012-08-22 2014-02-27 Vernon Victor Daubert Stucco applicator
US11077582B2 (en) 2018-01-30 2021-08-03 Elematic Oyj Method and system for recycling concrete mass in a slipform casting process, and casting machine

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2546806B1 (fr) * 1983-05-30 1986-01-24 Bulte Jacques Installation pour la production de poutrelles en beton

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1814172A (en) * 1927-03-14 1931-07-14 Edward D Martinet Brick making machine

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1814172A (en) * 1927-03-14 1931-07-14 Edward D Martinet Brick making machine

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3683760A (en) * 1969-10-01 1972-08-15 Ronald L Silva Process of infusing liquid into settable porous material
US3922125A (en) * 1969-12-23 1975-11-25 Borge Christensen Apparatus for forming continuous lengths of construction elements
USRE29416E (en) * 1971-02-12 1977-09-27 Societe Industrielle De Stratifies Equipment for the continuous production of panels of synthetic material
US3799714A (en) * 1971-12-29 1974-03-26 W Vetovitz Mortar applicator
US3841811A (en) * 1972-02-07 1974-10-15 Stratifies Ste Indle Equipment for the continuous production of panels of synthetic material
US4202658A (en) * 1977-08-10 1980-05-13 Paraisten Kalkki Oy-Pargas Kalk Ab Glide-casting machine for the manufacturing of hollow slabs and equivalent
USRE31921E (en) * 1978-03-16 1985-06-25 Methods and apparatus for stacking cementitious reinforced panels
US4281952A (en) * 1978-03-16 1981-08-04 Clear Theodore E Methods and apparatus for stacking cementitious reinforced panels
US4203788A (en) * 1978-03-16 1980-05-20 Clear Theodore E Methods for manufacturing cementitious reinforced panels
USRE32038E (en) * 1978-03-16 1985-11-26 Methods for manufacturing cementitious reinforced panels
USRE32037E (en) * 1978-03-16 1985-11-26 Methods for manufacturing cementitious reinforced panels
US4420295A (en) * 1979-09-26 1983-12-13 Clear Theodore E Apparatus for manufacturing cementitious reinforced panels
US4379683A (en) * 1980-05-14 1983-04-12 Rodgers Stuart N Concrete forming apparatus
US4609303A (en) * 1981-12-07 1986-09-02 Shumaker O R Slip-form for concrete pathways
US4642042A (en) * 1985-07-05 1987-02-10 International Fuel Cells Corporation Apparatus for making composite sheets
US4966490A (en) * 1989-11-13 1990-10-30 Hodson James V Apparatus for use in applying a thin resinous coating to existing surfaces
US5366676A (en) * 1991-12-17 1994-11-22 Shigeru Kobayashi Method and apparatus for manufacturing concrete panels by continuous pressing
US5779953A (en) * 1994-04-29 1998-07-14 Partek Concrete Engineering Oy Method and a device for making concrete products
US6740282B1 (en) * 1998-06-24 2004-05-25 Svedberg Bjoern Method and device for magnetic alignment of fibres
US20100132870A1 (en) * 2006-11-01 2010-06-03 United States Gypsum Company Panel smoothing process and apparatus for forming a smooth continuous surface on fiber-reinforced structural cement panels
US8038915B2 (en) * 2006-11-01 2011-10-18 United States Gypsum Company Panel smoothing process and apparatus for forming a smooth continuous surface on fiber-reinforced structural cement panels
US20140057059A1 (en) * 2012-08-22 2014-02-27 Vernon Victor Daubert Stucco applicator
US11077582B2 (en) 2018-01-30 2021-08-03 Elematic Oyj Method and system for recycling concrete mass in a slipform casting process, and casting machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1467355A (fr) 1967-01-27
DK112502B (da) 1968-12-16
FI47542B (hu) 1973-10-01
NO118057B (hu) 1969-10-27
FI47542C (fi) 1974-01-10
SE309556B (hu) 1969-03-24

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