US3418516A - Arrangements for producing electric oscillations of very high frequency - Google Patents

Arrangements for producing electric oscillations of very high frequency Download PDF

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Publication number
US3418516A
US3418516A US520970A US52097066A US3418516A US 3418516 A US3418516 A US 3418516A US 520970 A US520970 A US 520970A US 52097066 A US52097066 A US 52097066A US 3418516 A US3418516 A US 3418516A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
resonant cavity
wave
guide
arrangements
producing electric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US520970A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bernardus Bastiaan Van Iperen
Kuypers Wilhelmus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
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Publication of US3418516A publication Critical patent/US3418516A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/18—Resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H01J25/16—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator with pencil-like electron stream perpendicular to the axis of the resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/18—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising distributed inductance and capacitance

Definitions

  • a sum-millimeter R-F generator including a resonant cavity which is excited in the TE mode, one end of which is provided with a tuning device and the other end being coupled to a waveguide which is angularly displaced with respect to the resonant cavity.
  • the invention relates to an arrangement for producing electric oscillations of a frequency higher than 300 gc. (wavelength smaller than 1 mm.). More particularly the invention relates to a device including a resonant cavity which is excited in the TE mode one end of which is provided with a tuning device and its other end is coupled by means of an aperture with a wave-guide extending in its longitudinal direction (Z-direction), while in the direction of height (X-direction) an electron beam modulated, for example, in density passes through the resonant cavity.
  • the invention particularly relates to the manner in which a wave-guide is coupled with a resonant cavity for a wave-length of 0.5 mm. or smaller, which resonant cavity does not exhibit any re-entrant parts, and to a frequency multiplier provided with such a resonant cavity.
  • the resonant cavity may form part of a velocity modulation tube which comprises means for producing an electron beam which is focussed by a magnetic field and which passes from a cathode in order of succession at least through a modulation system, a drift space and an output system.
  • the output system comprises a rectangular resonant cavity preferably tuned to a higher harmonic.
  • the wave-length of such a rectangular resonant cavity may in the longitudinal direction (Z-direction) be two or more half waves, while the width (Y- direction) may amount to one or more half waves.
  • the height of the resonant cavity (X-direction) is generally smaller than the distance covered by an electron of the electron beam during a half period. Consequently, such a resonant cavity is excited in the TE mode.
  • the resonant cavity must not only be tunable, but it must also be coupled with an output wave-guide.
  • This coupling is generally effected by means of an aperture which is narrower than the cross-section of the resonant cavity which is at right angles to the Z-axis.
  • the narrowed aperture can be formed by the provision of ribs at the end of the resonant cavity, which ribs cause the transitional part between the resonant cavity and the wave-guide to be narrowed.
  • the mechanical tolerances are already so small, however, that for the structure the greatest possible accuracy of the processes is required. Below 0.5 mm., it is practically impossible to realize this structure.
  • the narrowed aperture for coupling the resonant cavity with the output wave-guide is obtained by turning the output wave-guide through a given angle with respect to the resonant cavity about its longitudinal axis which coincides with the Z-direction of the resonant cavity.
  • the dimensions of the cross-section of the output wave-guide may be approximately equal to those of the cross-section of the resonant cavity at right angles to the Z-direction.
  • the angle through which the output wave-guide must be rotated with respect to the resonant cavity is dependent upon the material of the resonant cavity and upon the ratio between the dimension in the X-direction and the resonance wave-length of the resonant cavity. Measurements and calculations have shown that in case of a resonant cavity of the said mode in which the dimension in the X-direction is one-sixth of the wave-length of the resonant cavity for a wave-length of 0.5 mm., the angle of rotation must be approximately 49 in order to obtain a match free of reflections between a resonant cavity provided in a copper body and the wave-guide. It is not necessary, of course, that the material of the wave-guide be copper.
  • FIG. 1 is a partly perspective sectional view of the arrangement in accordance with the invention, while FIG. 2 is a plan view of the coupling aperture between the resonant cavity and the wave-guide.
  • reference numeral 1 designates the resonant cavity for a wave-length of 0.5 mm. which terminates into the output wave-guide 2. Since the aperture of the Wave-guide 2 is rotated through an angle 6 (FIG. 2) with respect to the resonant cavity, a rhombic coupling aperture 7 is formed. Both the resonant cavity and the output wave-guide consequently each consist of a rectangular space which can be mechanically manufactured with required extremely small dimensions and with suflicient accuray. The wave-guide is closed in a vacuum-tight manner by means of the mica disc 6.
  • a density-modulated electron beam 3 passes through the resonant cavity 1.
  • the resonant cavity 1 terminates in a stepwise manner into a circular-cylindrical space 4 which is coupled with the resonant cavity comparatively unsatisfactorily.
  • the frequency may be varied within a tolerance range of 5%.
  • This method of tuning has the advantage that the displacement of the pin 5 may be comparatively great so that the tuning becomes less critical.
  • the dimensions of a resonant cavity for a wave-length of 0.5 mm. (frequency 600 go.) are:
  • the length of the output wave-guide 2 (Z-direction) is not critical and may be 2 mm.
  • the transverse dimensions of this wave-guide at right angles to the Z-direction are in this case approximately equal to those of the resonant cavity.
  • the cavities are provided in copper bodies which are preferably connected with each other by diffusion.
  • An arrangement for producing electric oscillations having a wavelength of 1 mm. and shorter comprising a rectangular resonant cavity which is excited in the TE mode, a tuning device coupled to one end of said cavity, said cavity being coupled at its other end through a narrowed aperture with a rectangular output wave-guide extending in a given longitudinal direction, means to direct an electron beam through the resonant cavity in a given direction perpendicular to said longitudinal direction, said output wave-guide being rotated through a given angle with respect to the resonant cavity about an axis which coincides with said given longitudinal direction through the resonant cavity.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
US520970A 1965-02-11 1966-01-17 Arrangements for producing electric oscillations of very high frequency Expired - Lifetime US3418516A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6501676A NL6501676A (fr) 1965-02-11 1965-02-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3418516A true US3418516A (en) 1968-12-24

Family

ID=19792331

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US520970A Expired - Lifetime US3418516A (en) 1965-02-11 1966-01-17 Arrangements for producing electric oscillations of very high frequency

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3418516A (fr)
AT (1) AT255494B (fr)
BE (1) BE676274A (fr)
CH (1) CH442439A (fr)
DE (1) DE1286143B (fr)
ES (1) ES322781A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1092584A (fr)
NL (1) NL6501676A (fr)
SE (1) SE318010B (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3038519A (en) * 1957-08-09 1962-06-12 Marks Dev Corp Steel rod shear and bender
US3113238A (en) * 1961-05-29 1963-12-03 Varian Associates Radio frequency output circuits and output windows

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL66505C (fr) * 1942-09-01

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3038519A (en) * 1957-08-09 1962-06-12 Marks Dev Corp Steel rod shear and bender
US3113238A (en) * 1961-05-29 1963-12-03 Varian Associates Radio frequency output circuits and output windows

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1286143B (de) 1969-01-02
ES322781A1 (es) 1967-03-16
SE318010B (fr) 1969-12-01
BE676274A (fr) 1966-08-09
CH442439A (de) 1967-08-31
NL6501676A (fr) 1966-08-12
AT255494B (de) 1967-07-10
GB1092584A (en) 1967-11-29

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