US3417848A - Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters - Google Patents

Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters Download PDF

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Publication number
US3417848A
US3417848A US513460A US51346065A US3417848A US 3417848 A US3417848 A US 3417848A US 513460 A US513460 A US 513460A US 51346065 A US51346065 A US 51346065A US 3417848 A US3417848 A US 3417848A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
escapement
carriage
repeat
dog
full
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Expired - Lifetime
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US513460A
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English (en)
Inventor
Reginald R Gallant
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Olivetti Underwood Corp
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Olivetti Underwood Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Olivetti Underwood Corp filed Critical Olivetti Underwood Corp
Priority to US513460A priority Critical patent/US3417848A/en
Priority to GB53293/66A priority patent/GB1157450A/en
Priority to DE19661561272 priority patent/DE1561272A1/de
Priority to FR86921A priority patent/FR1504281A/fr
Priority to CH1768666A priority patent/CH442369A/it
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3417848A publication Critical patent/US3417848A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J19/00—Character- or line-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/18—Character-spacing or back-spacing mechanisms; Carriage return or release devices therefor
    • B41J19/34—Escapement-feed character-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/42—Escapements having two pawls or like detents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J25/00—Actions or mechanisms not otherwise provided for
    • B41J25/02—Key actions for specified purposes
    • B41J25/12—Character spacing

Definitions

  • said member So long as said repeat spacing key is held operated said member is forcibly restored through carriage movement toward each new step position and is suddenly released for reoperation by said spring just before the end of each step movement is reached. Said member is additional to the carriage escapement and because it has mass the said spring is able to assert itself thereon only after a momentary delay so that the carriage will distinctly and reliably become arrested by the escapement at the conclusion of each repeat step movement which takes place while the repeat spacing key is held operated.
  • This invention relates to typewriters and other business machines wherein step-advances of a carriage are controlled to occur through operations of an escapement. More particularly the invention relates generally to devices already well known, whereby repetitive operations of an escapement may be caused to occur at the will of an operator through variedly controlling a space control or key.
  • repetitive carriage spacing devices embody provision to control the repetitive operations to occur with a time beat which is constant and reasonably quiet.
  • repetitive escapement operations have usually been segregated through the employ of weight devices requiring reversal of motion to allow successive carriage advances. Obviously, such weight devices cause a slowed spacing speed of the carriage, produce a shock and noise, and provision thereof is costly.
  • the repeat escapement operating mechanism herein featured derives the desired repeat operation segregations through a novel and simple mechanism which provides that each escapement step of the carriage be definitely terminated at the end of each instituted escapement as an incident to its normal operation and that each repetitive escapement operation arises under the control of the preceding step advance, but through a delayed escapement operating effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of the novel repeat escapement mechanism of the invention in its normal, carriage advancement checking condition;
  • FIG. 2 is a right-hand fractional side elevation of the repeat escapement mechanism of FIGURE 1, conditioned for automatic repeat spacing performance;
  • FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view showing the repeat spacing mechanism similarly as in FIGURE 1, but in a potential carriage intercepting state obtained resultant to a step-advance of the carriage in progress following the operation of a repeat spacing key;
  • FIG. 4 is a rear elevation of a pallet escapement having the repeat spacing mechanism of the invention adapted thereto.
  • Such typewriter embodies a platen 10 carried on a platen frame of which a right end is shown at 11.
  • the said carriage includes a rack bar 12 and is guided in a usual manner, not shown, for advance and return travel parallel to the direction in which said rack bar 12 extends.
  • a draw band 13 is constantly under the influence of a spring motor 14, tending to advance the carriage and the rack bar 12 in the direction indicated on the latter.
  • advance movement of said carriage is controlled by an escapement device of conventional structure which comprises a toothed escapement wheel 16 having a circular row of escapement faces 16 unitarily turnable with an axle 17 on an escapement frame structure 18.
  • Said wheel 16 through a gear pinion 20, has geared association with said rack bar 12, a usual ratchet pawl on said wheel, not shown, meshing with said pinion 20 and providing that the rack 12 in its advance travel direction indicated by the arrow is in driving communication with the escapement wheel 16.
  • Said escapement device comprises further an escapement or stepping dog 21 pivotally carried on a usual dog rocker 22, and having a face 21' for engagement with the faces 16' of the escapement wheel.
  • the rocker 22 is pivoted on pintles 23 which are carried solidly in the escapement frame structure 18.
  • the pull of the draw band 13 turns the wheel 16 normally to the limit permitted by the dog 21 engaging an abutment 24 on said rocker 22, Moreover, a spring 26 anchored to the frame structure at 27 is connected to the dog 21 to have a constant forward and leftward urge thereon in the machine. Said forward urge causes the rocker 22 normally to abut limitedly a stationary screw head indicated at 28, so that the upper end of the dog 21 is instrumental to cooperate with a tooth of the escapement Wheel 16 to hold the carriage against advance.
  • Single step advances of the carriage may be effected by operation of a usual single-space key, not shown.
  • Such single-space key rocks the rocker 22 counter-clockwise in FIGURE 1 so as to swing the dog 21 transversely of the plane of the wheel 16, free of the engaged wheel tooth.
  • the dog 21 Under the tension of the spring 26, the dog 21 will now swing on the dog rocker 22 rightwardly in FIG- URE l to the limit of a stop lug 29 on the rocker 22, and ready to move into a position to intercept by its face 21' the next wheel tooth.
  • the single space key is promptly released, the dog rocker 22 will swing promptly clockwise as seen from the front to assume the normal position shown in FIGURE 1.
  • a repeat space key 33 for repeat operation spacing control of the described escapement, there is pivotally carried on the outer ends of the pintles 23 a rockable member or element in the form of a bail structure 32.
  • a repeat space key 33 see FIGURE 2, has a pivot point at 34 and includes an arm 31 which under the tension of a strong spring 35 has normally a possion against a stop 36.
  • Said bail 32 has a resilient means in the form of a spring 37 associated with it, which spring tends to operate it from the FIGURE 1 to the FIGURE 2 position, but the restoring spring 35 for the repeat space key 33 is of such superior strength in respect to the spring 37 that the key arm 31 by contact with an arm 39 on the bail 32 maintains such bail normally restored.
  • a first part of such step movement is utilized to effect the restoration of the bail 32.
  • the means for accomplishing this comprises an element 41 pivotally borne on a bracket extension 43.
  • Such element 41 is normally situated in any one of the notches formed by the teeth of the wheel 16.
  • the swingable end of said element is displaced forcibly outwardly by a wheel tooth, as illustrated in FIGURE 3.
  • the spring motor 14 acts to advance the escapement Wheel 16 and thus supplies the power by which the element 41 is forcibly displaced.
  • said element 41 When so forcibly displaced said element 41 will act forcibly through an associating means in the form of a link 42 to impart a restoring movement to the bail 32 so that the dog rocker 22 under the influence of its spring 26 will forcibly become restored to its normal position and thereby will allow the stepping or escapement dog 21 to become spring drawn into the path of the wheel tooth with which it is required to coact to limit the step-advance of the carriage.
  • the element 41 has a dwell-end-portion 44, which, as the wheel 16 drives the dog 21 toward the limit stop 24, is instrumental to maintain for a short time interval the element 41 operated and thus to keep the bail 32 restored.
  • the mass of the bail or operable means 32 is so correlated to the operating bias of the spring 37, that each time such operable means becomes suddenly subject to reoperation by the operating bias of said spring 37, such operating bias is able to become effective only after the carriage has been intercepted by the cooperation of the escapement dog face 21 with a full escapement step defining tooth face 16
  • the rocker itself must be light in weight so as not to afford much resistance to the operations of the usual type bars in the machine. Obviously, so long as the repeat key 33 is held depressed, there will ensue full and uninterrupted step-advances of the carriage, each of which is distinctly terminated before another is instituted.
  • the element 41 is conditionable by the operation of the repeat space key 33 through the operation of the bail 32 to be then subject to the control by the advance travel of the carriage to restore the operable bail 32 each time against the operating bias of the spring or resilient means 37. It is further to be observed that the notches in said escapement wheel or toothed member 16, relatively to said element 41, are arranged and of correlated forms so that in a first part of each step movement of the carriage the said element is adapted to be forced out of the notch and so in a very endapproach of any full step carriage position said element becomes free to enter into a next succeeding notch.
  • each repeat space is executed without an intermediate halt or slow down and coincides with the carriage step positions. Due to this the repeat spaces are discernable distinctly from each other at relatively fast intervals and the operator will be better able to release the repeat space key at the exact required time.
  • the link 42 has a pin and slot connection 45 with the element 41 which allows the latter normally to function in association with the escapement wheel as a reverse rotation check pawl.
  • the element 41 has a light spring 46 associated with it.
  • Single step-advances of the carriage may be obtained by momentarily tapping the repeat space key 33, so that the rocker vigorously restores upon operation after the dog 21 has escaped the wheel tooth with which it has last been cooperative to halt the carriage.
  • the pallet 47 will be enabled to bring the escapement wheel to rest when the end of the started step-movement is reached.
  • the beveled tooth 47 FIGURE 4 is provided for the conventional purpose as the bevelled tooth 30 in the escapement shown in the other figures, namely for compelling in regular typing operations the release of type keys, and thereby to assure no more than a single step advance in accompaniment with each character that is being typed. All the parts 16*, 41, 32', 47 and 47 in FIGURE 4 are in the same plane, except that the part 47 has an offset portion 47, as indicated in FIGURE 4, to provide operating clearance for the part 41'.
  • the spring 35' obviously serves to return the repeat key 33' to the shown normal position against a stop pin 36, for the same purpose as the spring 35 serves in the structure shown in FIGURE 1.
  • the invention obviously is appplicable also to rack escapements such as are disclosed in a patent to Crumrine No. 1,945,847, dated Feb. 6, 1934 and Thompson et al. No. 1,994,544, dated Mar. 19, 1935, the latter having alternately operated escapement dogs cooperating with a double pitch rack.
  • said escapement device being actuatable to disengage transitorily said escapement dog face means from any of said full escapement step defining tooth faces and thereby to cause the carriage to execute under the influence of said tending means single full step advances limitedly terminated by cooperation of said escapement dog face means with successive escapement tooth faces;
  • escapement dog face means additional to said escapement device, having mass and being bodily operable from a normal position to disengage said escapement dog face means from any escapement tooth face engaged therewith and conversely restorable to condition said escapement device for said escapement dog face means to intercept the carriage by cooperation with a next escapement tooth face,
  • the said escapement device will become reoperated by the operating bias of said resilient means each time after the carriage is momentarily solidly and distinctly halted at a full step position by a cooperation of said escapement dog face means with a full escapement step defining tooth face.
  • conditionable means including said toothed member
  • said toothed member having notches at intervals correlated to the escapement tooth faces
  • said toothed member being an escapement wheel which is rotatable by advance travel of the carriage
  • said escapement device being actuatable to disengage transitorily said escapement dog face means from any of said full escapement step defining tooth faces and thereby to cause the carriage to execute under the influence of said tending means full single step advances limitedly terminated by cooperation of said escapement dog face means with successive escapement tooth faces;
  • escapement dog face means additional to said escapement device, being bodily operable from a normal position to disengage said escapement dog face means from any escapement tooth face engaged therewith and conversely restorable to condition said escapement device for said escapement dog face means to intercept the carriage by cooperation with a next escapement tooth face,
  • resilient means associated with said bodily operable means to urge it constantly toward operated position
  • a repeat space key being one-way operative on said bodily operable means to hold it normally in its unoperated position against the urge of said resilient means
  • an escapement device associated with the carriage, comprising a toothed member having a row of full escapement step defining tooth faces, an escapement rocker and a stepping dog carried on said rocker for movement between an escapement step limiting position and an extended position, said stepping dog normally being cooperative with different f-ull escapement step defining tooth faces of said toothed member to hold the carriage in different full step positions, and being responsive to transitory operation of said rocker to halt the carriage through cooperation with any next succeeding full escapement step defining tooth face,
  • an operable and restorable repeat space key means additional to said escapement device, being bodily operable from a normal to an operated position, to operate said rocker, and being restorable conversely to cause a restoration of said rocker,
  • said escapement device will become reoperated by said resilient means each time after the carriage is momentarily solidly and distinctly halted at a full step position by a cooperation of said stepping dog with one of the tooth faces on the toothed wheel.

Landscapes

  • Character Spaces And Line Spaces In Printers (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)
US513460A 1965-12-13 1965-12-13 Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters Expired - Lifetime US3417848A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US513460A US3417848A (en) 1965-12-13 1965-12-13 Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters
GB53293/66A GB1157450A (en) 1965-12-13 1966-11-29 Repeat Spacing Device for a Manual Typewriter
DE19661561272 DE1561272A1 (de) 1965-12-13 1966-12-09 Dauerleertasteinrichtung fuer handangetriebene Schreibmaschinen
FR86921A FR1504281A (fr) 1965-12-13 1966-12-09 Dispositif d'espacement répété pour machine à écrire manuelle
CH1768666A CH442369A (it) 1965-12-13 1966-12-12 Spaziatore a ripetizione per una macchina per scivere a mano

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US513460A US3417848A (en) 1965-12-13 1965-12-13 Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters

Publications (1)

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US3417848A true US3417848A (en) 1968-12-24

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US513460A Expired - Lifetime US3417848A (en) 1965-12-13 1965-12-13 Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters

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US (1) US3417848A (it)
CH (1) CH442369A (it)
DE (1) DE1561272A1 (it)
FR (1) FR1504281A (it)
GB (1) GB1157450A (it)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3730323A (en) * 1969-08-04 1973-05-01 Brother Ind Ltd Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters
US3735850A (en) * 1969-08-04 1973-05-29 Brother Kogyo Kk Nagoya Shi Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters
US3799312A (en) * 1969-09-26 1974-03-26 Brother Ind Ltd Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters
US3828581A (en) * 1972-09-15 1974-08-13 Singer Co Apparatus for positioning jacks in slotted pattern wheel rings according to a predetermined pattern
US3840106A (en) * 1972-06-10 1974-10-08 Nakajima All & Co Ltd Automatic repeat spacing mechanism for typewriter
US3897867A (en) * 1973-11-12 1975-08-05 Scm Corp Ribbon feed mechanism for ink ribbon cartridges

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US744424A (en) * 1900-08-20 1903-11-17 Augustus L Hoffman Retarding device for type-writer carriages.
US937336A (en) * 1897-12-07 1909-10-19 Union Typewriter Co Type-writing machine.
US951542A (en) * 1908-03-12 1910-03-08 Underwood Typewriter Co Type-writing machine.
US2037178A (en) * 1933-12-15 1936-04-14 Paul Emil Schoenfelder Typewriting and similar machine
US3028942A (en) * 1961-03-28 1962-04-10 Royal Mcbee Corp Escapement mechanism
US3312322A (en) * 1965-03-05 1967-04-04 Scm Corp Escapement mechanism for typewriters

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US937336A (en) * 1897-12-07 1909-10-19 Union Typewriter Co Type-writing machine.
US744424A (en) * 1900-08-20 1903-11-17 Augustus L Hoffman Retarding device for type-writer carriages.
US951542A (en) * 1908-03-12 1910-03-08 Underwood Typewriter Co Type-writing machine.
US2037178A (en) * 1933-12-15 1936-04-14 Paul Emil Schoenfelder Typewriting and similar machine
US3028942A (en) * 1961-03-28 1962-04-10 Royal Mcbee Corp Escapement mechanism
US3312322A (en) * 1965-03-05 1967-04-04 Scm Corp Escapement mechanism for typewriters

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3730323A (en) * 1969-08-04 1973-05-01 Brother Ind Ltd Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters
US3735850A (en) * 1969-08-04 1973-05-29 Brother Kogyo Kk Nagoya Shi Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters
US3799312A (en) * 1969-09-26 1974-03-26 Brother Ind Ltd Repeat spacing mechanism for typewriters
US3840106A (en) * 1972-06-10 1974-10-08 Nakajima All & Co Ltd Automatic repeat spacing mechanism for typewriter
US3828581A (en) * 1972-09-15 1974-08-13 Singer Co Apparatus for positioning jacks in slotted pattern wheel rings according to a predetermined pattern
US3897867A (en) * 1973-11-12 1975-08-05 Scm Corp Ribbon feed mechanism for ink ribbon cartridges

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH442369A (it) 1967-08-31
GB1157450A (en) 1969-07-09
FR1504281A (fr) 1967-12-01
DE1561272A1 (de) 1970-02-12

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