US3407089A - Coating composition for pyrophoric metal powders and shavings - Google Patents
Coating composition for pyrophoric metal powders and shavings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3407089A US3407089A US470617A US47061765A US3407089A US 3407089 A US3407089 A US 3407089A US 470617 A US470617 A US 470617A US 47061765 A US47061765 A US 47061765A US 3407089 A US3407089 A US 3407089A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coating composition
- pyrophoric
- shavings
- metal
- naphthenic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F15/00—Other methods of preventing corrosion or incrustation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31714—Next to natural gum, natural oil, rosin, lac or wax
Definitions
- This invention relates to the treatment of pyrophoric metals to render them safe for storage and shipment.
- the present invention concerns the coating of finely divided metal powders such as filings and shavings, which may become pyrophoric as a result of rapid oxidation, to render them innocuous.
- the instant invention although directed to low quality pyrophoric materials is also suitable for use on high grade materials used for pyrotechnic purposes.
- the amount of coating composition needed to achieve the objectives of the present invention i.e., eliminate the 3,407,089 Patented Oct. 22, 1968 pyrophoric nature of the metal powder, is only that required to wet the surface of the metal particles.
- the light petroleum fraction found suitable for the objectives of the present invention is a low viscosity, high boiling naphthenic-base material obtained by the vacuum distillation of straight run naphthenic crude that has been caustic treated and has a boiling range of about 550 to 750 F.
- this material is known as an untreated transformer stock. As indicated, there has been an initial caustic treatment which removes the naphthenic acids. In order to produce commercial grades of transformer oil, the stock material is subjected to acid and clay treat ment which reduce its tendency towards oxidation, moisture, acids, soap, salts, and suspended matter to a minimum.
- About 97 to 99 weight percent of the coating composition is the light, naphthenic petroleum fraction.
- Transformer oil i.e., the highly refined stock described above, is also suitable for the treating process.
- the transformer oil is more expensive than the untreated transformer stock, which is entirely equivalent in its antipyrophoric effect to the highly refined material for the purposes of the present invention.
- the glycerol monooleate added to the naphthenic petroleum oil is the monoester of oleic acid and glycerine. Esterification processes are so well known in the art that further description of the glycerol monooleate is not needed here.
- the glycerol monooleate is present in the coating composition in the range of from about 1 to 3 weight percent of the total composition.
- Coating composition Wt. percent Naphthenic petroleum fraction 98 Glycerol monooleate 2
- the oil composition above was tested for rust protection in the humidity cabinet according to ASTM Dl748- 62T.
- ASTM D1748-62T 4 inch panels of steel, which have been coated with the above oil composition according to the method set out in ASTM D-1748-62T, are suspended in the humidity cabinet, which is maintained at 121 F.
- the panels were tested for hours-to-failure.
- the coated metal panels were removed from the humidity cabinet once a day and examined for rust spots. The panels passed or failed as indicated in ASTM Dl74862T.
- the commercially available coating material was a 3 mixture of the same type of naphthenic petroleum fraction as employed in the present invention with two additives as follows:
- the process of eliminating the pyrophoric nature of a finely divided metal which comprises coating said metal with a composition comprising a light naphthenic petroleum oil having a boiling point in the range of 550 to 750 F., containing 1 to 3 weight percent of glycerol monooleate, said coating composition being capable of eliminating the pyrophoric nature of said metal.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Description
United States Patent "ice 3,407,089 COATING COMPOSITION FOR PYROPHORIC METAL POWDERS AND SHAVINGS Charles F. Sampson, Springfield, Howard M. Rue, Media, and George S. Rostron, Springfield, Pa., assignors to Sun Oil Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Filed July 8, 1965, Ser. No. 470,617 1 Claim. (Cl. 117-100) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The pyrophoric nature of finely divided particles of metal such as iron can, for the most part, be overcome by coating the particles with a light naphthenic petroleum oil coating 1 to 3 wt. percent of glycerol monooleate.
This invention relates to the treatment of pyrophoric metals to render them safe for storage and shipment. Particularly, the present invention concerns the coating of finely divided metal powders such as filings and shavings, which may become pyrophoric as a result of rapid oxidation, to render them innocuous.
In the art it is known to coat finely divided particles of metal to control their pyrophoric tendencies. The prior art has employed varnishes, paraffin, bees-wax, and more recently organic nitriles having a carbon-carbon unsaturation.
It is an object of this invention to provide a simple treatment for metal powders and shavings to prevent their oxidation.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a composition for treating pyrophoric metal powders in order to render them safe for storage and shipping.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide for treatment of pyrophoric metals employing a composition produced for relatively inexpensive and readily available materials.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for applying a composition to pyrophoric metals so as to prevent their oxidation.
It has been found that the objects of the present invention are achieved by spraying the pyrophoric metals with a composition of a particular light petroleum fraction and glycerol monooleate.
The need for the present invention arose from the problem of rapid oxidation of metal filings and shavings that were stored prior to foreign shipment and the frequent fires during shipment when the metal powder was stored in the holds of ships. Thus, the means of oxidation prevention had to be commensurate with the rather low cost, large quantity, low quality pyrophoric material. Such materials are the iron, steel, steel alloy, aluminum waste from machining and other fabrication processes.
The instant invention although directed to low quality pyrophoric materials is also suitable for use on high grade materials used for pyrotechnic purposes.
The coating composition is applied to the pyrophoric metal by spraying. Since the metal is usually in a finely divided state such as powder, filings or shavings, it is allowed to fall through a fine mist of the coating composition, or flow down an inclined bed while the coating composition is sprayed on the moving bed at some point. Alternatively, a pile or mound of the metal powder may be sprayed until by sampling, it is determined that the entire mass of material is substantially coated. The latter alternative is no preferred since this method employs far more of the coating composition than actually necessary.
The amount of coating composition needed to achieve the objectives of the present invention, i.e., eliminate the 3,407,089 Patented Oct. 22, 1968 pyrophoric nature of the metal powder, is only that required to wet the surface of the metal particles. The light petroleum fraction found suitable for the objectives of the present invention is a low viscosity, high boiling naphthenic-base material obtained by the vacuum distillation of straight run naphthenic crude that has been caustic treated and has a boiling range of about 550 to 750 F.
In the art this material is known as an untreated transformer stock. As indicated, there has been an initial caustic treatment which removes the naphthenic acids. In order to produce commercial grades of transformer oil, the stock material is subjected to acid and clay treat ment which reduce its tendency towards oxidation, moisture, acids, soap, salts, and suspended matter to a minimum.
About 97 to 99 weight percent of the coating composition is the light, naphthenic petroleum fraction.
Transformer oil, i.e., the highly refined stock described above, is also suitable for the treating process. Of course the transformer oil is more expensive than the untreated transformer stock, which is entirely equivalent in its antipyrophoric effect to the highly refined material for the purposes of the present invention.
The glycerol monooleate added to the naphthenic petroleum oil is the monoester of oleic acid and glycerine. Esterification processes are so well known in the art that further description of the glycerol monooleate is not needed here. The glycerol monooleate is present in the coating composition in the range of from about 1 to 3 weight percent of the total composition.
When glycerol monooleate is added to the light, naphthenic oil in the proportions described, the ingredients are readily miscible, forming a permanent solution. The mixing is achieved by simply adding the glycerol monooleate to the oil at ambient temperature and agitating for a time sufiieient to produce an even distribution of glycerol monooleate throughout the oil.
Example I A coating composition having the desired properties was prepared and tested in the following manner:
Coating composition: Wt. percent Naphthenic petroleum fraction 98 Glycerol monooleate 2 The oil composition above was tested for rust protection in the humidity cabinet according to ASTM Dl748- 62T. In this test 2 by 4 inch panels of steel, which have been coated with the above oil composition according to the method set out in ASTM D-1748-62T, are suspended in the humidity cabinet, which is maintained at 121 F. The panels were tested for hours-to-failure. In order to make this type of evaluation, the coated metal panels were removed from the humidity cabinet once a day and examined for rust spots. The panels passed or failed as indicated in ASTM Dl74862T.
Three panels coated as indicated were run at the same time. All three samples went 888 hours (37 days) to failure. This is considered a significant improvement over a commercially available coating material that has been in extensive use prior to this invention and which failed at 330 hours (14 days) in the same test.
The commercially available coating material was a 3 mixture of the same type of naphthenic petroleum fraction as employed in the present invention with two additives as follows:
Wt. percent Naphthenic petroleum fraction 97.8 Petrosan (methyl ester of lard oil) 0.2 Nalco (imidazolines) 2.0
The imidazolines are not compatible with the naphthenic fraction and must be added to the composition as it is sprayed onto the metal particles.
Any naphthenic oil having a boiling range of 550 to 750 F., viscosity of 55 to 60 SUS at 100 F. and neutralization number of 0.0 is suitable as the petroleum oil portion of the composition. By the term naphthenic is meant oils containing substantial amounts of carbon atoms in naphthenic rings--C (this method of classifying oils is described in Analytical Chemistry, volume 30, 1224 (1958), and Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, volume 48, 2232 (1956)).
The invention claimed is:
1. The process of eliminating the pyrophoric nature of a finely divided metal which comprises coating said metal with a composition comprising a light naphthenic petroleum oil having a boiling point in the range of 550 to 750 F., containing 1 to 3 weight percent of glycerol monooleate, said coating composition being capable of eliminating the pyrophoric nature of said metal.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,623,887 12/1952 Matuzak 106l4 2,900,262 8/1959 Green 106l4 2,564,423 8/1951 Barnum 106-14 2,560,202 7/1951 Zimmer 106-14 3,080,330 3/1963 Rudel 106-14 JULIUS FROME, Primary Examiner.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US470617A US3407089A (en) | 1965-07-08 | 1965-07-08 | Coating composition for pyrophoric metal powders and shavings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US470617A US3407089A (en) | 1965-07-08 | 1965-07-08 | Coating composition for pyrophoric metal powders and shavings |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3407089A true US3407089A (en) | 1968-10-22 |
Family
ID=23868320
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US470617A Expired - Lifetime US3407089A (en) | 1965-07-08 | 1965-07-08 | Coating composition for pyrophoric metal powders and shavings |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3407089A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3619262A (en) * | 1970-01-16 | 1971-11-09 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for depositing carbon on iron |
US3919405A (en) * | 1967-06-01 | 1975-11-11 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Stabilization of alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal hydrides |
US3963831A (en) * | 1972-06-15 | 1976-06-15 | Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the manufacture of alkali metal hydrides in coarse powder form |
US4692353A (en) * | 1982-11-05 | 1987-09-08 | Ministry Of Industry & Minerals Specialized Institute For Engineering Industries | Method of inhibiting degeneration of direct reduced iron |
US9045809B2 (en) | 2012-05-05 | 2015-06-02 | Nu-Iron Technology, Llc | Reclaiming and inhibiting activation of DRI fines |
US9238253B2 (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2016-01-19 | Nu-Iron Technology Llc | Processed DRI material |
US9464338B2 (en) | 2012-05-05 | 2016-10-11 | Nu-Iron Technology, Llc | Reclaiming and inhibiting activation of DRI dust and fines |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2560202A (en) * | 1948-07-24 | 1951-07-10 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Rust inhibiting composition |
US2564423A (en) * | 1948-05-29 | 1951-08-14 | Shell Dev | Corrosion preventive composition |
US2623887A (en) * | 1948-05-22 | 1952-12-30 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Rust inhibiting composition |
US2900262A (en) * | 1955-12-15 | 1959-08-18 | Quaker Chemical Products Corp | Corrosion preventive compositions |
US3080330A (en) * | 1959-05-29 | 1963-03-05 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Rust preventive compositions of paraffinic mineral oil thickened with polyethylene and microcrystalline wax |
-
1965
- 1965-07-08 US US470617A patent/US3407089A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2623887A (en) * | 1948-05-22 | 1952-12-30 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Rust inhibiting composition |
US2564423A (en) * | 1948-05-29 | 1951-08-14 | Shell Dev | Corrosion preventive composition |
US2560202A (en) * | 1948-07-24 | 1951-07-10 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Rust inhibiting composition |
US2900262A (en) * | 1955-12-15 | 1959-08-18 | Quaker Chemical Products Corp | Corrosion preventive compositions |
US3080330A (en) * | 1959-05-29 | 1963-03-05 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Rust preventive compositions of paraffinic mineral oil thickened with polyethylene and microcrystalline wax |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3919405A (en) * | 1967-06-01 | 1975-11-11 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Stabilization of alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal hydrides |
US3619262A (en) * | 1970-01-16 | 1971-11-09 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for depositing carbon on iron |
US3963831A (en) * | 1972-06-15 | 1976-06-15 | Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the manufacture of alkali metal hydrides in coarse powder form |
US4692353A (en) * | 1982-11-05 | 1987-09-08 | Ministry Of Industry & Minerals Specialized Institute For Engineering Industries | Method of inhibiting degeneration of direct reduced iron |
US9238253B2 (en) | 2010-09-10 | 2016-01-19 | Nu-Iron Technology Llc | Processed DRI material |
US9045809B2 (en) | 2012-05-05 | 2015-06-02 | Nu-Iron Technology, Llc | Reclaiming and inhibiting activation of DRI fines |
US9464338B2 (en) | 2012-05-05 | 2016-10-11 | Nu-Iron Technology, Llc | Reclaiming and inhibiting activation of DRI dust and fines |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2398193A (en) | Lubricant | |
US2348715A (en) | Slushing composition | |
EP2321069A1 (en) | Method for coating a steel substrate, and coated steel substrate | |
US3407089A (en) | Coating composition for pyrophoric metal powders and shavings | |
US2434490A (en) | Rust preventive lubricating oil compositions | |
US2677618A (en) | Rust preventive compositions | |
US2382699A (en) | Slushing oil compositions | |
US3600310A (en) | Lubricant for metal working | |
US3035926A (en) | Protective composition for metals | |
US2716611A (en) | Rust preventive composition | |
US2976179A (en) | Rust preventives | |
US2520356A (en) | Method for inhibiting corrosion of ferrous metal | |
US2128523A (en) | Composition for use in prevention of corrosion of metal surfaces | |
US2968621A (en) | Acid-tolerating soluble oil composition | |
US2389090A (en) | Lubricating and corrosion-preventing composition | |
US2742432A (en) | Mineral oil lubricating compositions | |
US2373787A (en) | Slushing compositions | |
US2471889A (en) | Rust preventive compositions | |
US2432465A (en) | Method of making metallic pigments | |
US3857789A (en) | Slushing oil or rust inhibiting compositions | |
US2242837A (en) | Anticorrosion agent | |
US2680718A (en) | Rust inhibiting composition | |
US2687965A (en) | Corrosion preventive composition | |
US2883289A (en) | Thin film rust prevention | |
US2893880A (en) | Rust preventive composition |