US3406895A - Apparatus for the uttlization of combustible waste gases of refineries or other plants - Google Patents

Apparatus for the uttlization of combustible waste gases of refineries or other plants Download PDF

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Publication number
US3406895A
US3406895A US531255A US53125566A US3406895A US 3406895 A US3406895 A US 3406895A US 531255 A US531255 A US 531255A US 53125566 A US53125566 A US 53125566A US 3406895 A US3406895 A US 3406895A
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United States
Prior art keywords
compressor
waste gas
pressure
gas pipe
waste
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US531255A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bauer Erich
Reichard Franz
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OEMV AG
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OEMV AG
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Application filed by OEMV AG filed Critical OEMV AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/16—Filtration; Moisture separation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/20—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by changing the driving speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F04B49/24—Bypassing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0261—Surge control by varying driving speed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the pressure in the waste gas pipe is maintained above atmospheric pressure by varying the suction capacity of the compressor.
  • a torch installation is provided to dispose of any excess waste gases should the amount of waste gas exceed the capacity of the compressor.
  • the present invention now aims at eliminating these drawbacks and is essentially characterized in that the waste gases are being sucked from the waste gas pipes and that the suction pressure is limited to a minimum value being equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure.
  • Connecting the waste gas pipe to the suction side of a compressor entails the danger that in the case of a low waste gas yield the waste gas pipe is completely sucked empty.
  • the suction pressure of the compressor has to be limited to a value which is below the average pressure of the waste gas pipe, but by no means below the atmospheric pressure.
  • limiting the suction pressure to a minimum value being equal to the atmospheric pressure penetration of air into the waste gas pipe is eliminated, however a, certain tolerance of the control has to be taken into consideration, and a comparatively low super-atmospheric pressure in the waste gas pipe is appropriate for guaranteeing the necessary security against penetration of air.
  • the minimum value to which the suction pressure of the compressor is limited may, according to the invention, appropriately range between 40 and 200 mm.
  • waste gases the yield of the waste gases varies greatly. In case of a Working trouble of the plant the waste gas yield may be a multiple of the waste gas yield at normal operation. It seems appropriate to outline the compressor for normal operation, and expenses for outlining the compressor for extreme cases are not justified. In case of a waste gas yield exceeding the compressor capacity, however, the superfluous waste gases may, according to the invention, be discharged by Way of a torch installation known per se in oil refineries.
  • liquid components which, e.g. in refineries operating with a torch installation, are separated and recovered in a liquid separator.
  • the yield of liquid components in the waste gas pipe may be extremely high in the case of working trouble.
  • the liquid level of a liquid separator installed into the waste gas pipe on the suction side of the compressor may be controlled and in the case of an increase of the liquid level over a predetermined height the compressor may be stopped or an alarm equipment may be actuated.
  • a device for carrying out the inventive process is essentially characterized by at least one pressure sensitive control unit exposed to the pressure on the suction side of the compressor, which unit serves to control the'suction capacity of the compressor.
  • at least one pressure sensitive control unit exposed to the pressure on the suction side of the compressor, which unit serves to control the'suction capacity of the compressor.
  • at least two pressure sensitive control units may be exposed to the pressure present on of the other control unit is set, this lower pressure, however, still being higher than the atmospheric pressure.
  • compressor capacity may be changed in various ways.
  • an arrangement may be elected in which the pressure side of the compressor is connected to the suction side of the compressor by means of a short-circuit, to which an adjustable throttle valve is fitted which is controlled by at least one of the pressure sensitive control units.
  • At least one of the pressure sensitive control units may control the control switch of the driving motor thereby completely stopping the compressor or reducing its speed.
  • these control units set to various pressures may carry out various controlling tasks.
  • the control unit or units, the switching point of which is set to a lower pressure may stop the driving motor of the compressor, while the control unit or units, the switching point of which is set to a higher pressure, may control the delivery capacity of the compressor.
  • FIGURES 1, 2 and 3 showing different diagrams.
  • numeral 1 is the waste gas pipe leading over a water closure 25 to the torch 26.
  • This water closure 25 serves as check valve preventing penetration of air from the torch installation 26 into the waste gas pipe 1, and, on the other hand, as valve maintaining the pressure.
  • Height a of the water column determines the upper pressure limit in the waste gas pipe 1.
  • Numeral 5 designates the pressure side of the compressor, numeral 6 the driving motor of the compressor and numeral 7 its supply for electric current.
  • the pressure side 5 of the compressor is connected to the suction side 3 by means of a shortcircuit 8 into which again an adjustable throttle valve 9 is fitted.
  • Numeral 10 designates a pressure sensitive control runit which is exposed, on the one hand, to the pressure present on the suction side 3 of the compressor or in the waste gas pipe 1 (line 11) and, on the other hand, to the atmospheric pressure (line 12).
  • This pressure sensitive control unit 10 acts on the throttle valve 9 opening it when a predetermined pressure value is reached, so that the suction capacity of the compressor decreases.
  • two pressure gauges 13 and 14 are connected which actuate switches 15 and 16, respectively, arranged in the current supply of the motor 6 and interrupting the current supply of the motor 6 when a predetermined value of the suction pressure has not been reached.
  • the switching point of the manometer 14, e.g., may be set to a lower pressure than the switching point of the manometer 13, so that generally only the manometer 13 is in operation.
  • a float 17 is indicated, which float controls a switch 18 in the current supply of the motor 6 and stops the motor and thus the compressor when a predetermined liquid level has been exceeded.
  • Numeral 19 designates the pressure pipe of the compressor to which pipe a check valve 20 opening in the flow direction is connected to prevent a reflow of gas from: the fuel gas pipe, into which runs the pressure line 19, to the compressor 4.
  • a pressure sensitive unit 21 which again is exposed to the suction pressure and, on the other hand, may be exposed to the atmospheric pressure, controls a control switch 22 controlling the speed of the driving motor 6 and thus of the compressor 4.
  • the pressure sensitive unit 23 controls the delivery capacity of the compressor 4 by means of a control link 24.
  • a control link 24 With piston compressors the piston stroke and with turbo compressors the position of the guide or rotary blades may be changed accordingly by means of the control link 24.
  • An apparatus for the utilization of oil refinery waste gases yielded under low super-atmospheric pressure comprising: a waste gas pipe, a discharge conduit, a motor actuated compressor means having a suction side and discharge side disposed intermediate said pipe and said conduit, said suction side of said compressor in communication with said waste gas pipe, said discharge side of said compressor in communication with said discharge conduit, a torch installation connected to said waste gas pipe for discharging and burning superfluous waste gases when said waste gas yield in said waste gas pipe exceeds the capacity of said compressor, a liquid separator incorporated in said Waste gas pipe, pressure sensitive means measuring the pressure in said waste gas pipe and cooperating with control means controlling said motor of said compressor so that in case the pressure in said waste gas pipe falls under a first predetermined value said motor is stopped, safety pressure sensitive means measuring the pressure in said waste gas pipe and coopcrating with said control means controlling said motor of said compressor so that in case the pressure in said waste gas pipe falls under a second predetermined value being below said first predetermined pressure value but above atmospheric pressure said motor is also stopped
  • An apparatus for the utilization of oil refinery waste gases yielded under low super-atmospheric pressure comprising: a waste gas pipe, a discharge conduit, a motor actuated compressor means having a suction side and discharge side disposed intermediate said pipe and said conduit, said suction side of said compressor in communication with said waste gas pipe, said discharge side of said compressor in communication with said discharge conduit, a torch installation connected to said waste gas pipe for discharging and burning superfluous Waste gases when said waste gas yield in said waste gas pipe exceeds the capacity of said compressor, a liquid separator incorporated in said waste gas pipe, means for preventing liquid in said separator from being drawn into said compressor, pressure sensitive means measuring the pressure in said waste gas pipe, control means for controlling said motor of said compressor in dependence on the pressure in said waste gas pipe as measured by said pressure sensitive means, and a check valve in said discharge conduit preventing back flow of said waste gases to said compressor.
  • An apparatus for the utilization of oil refinery waste gases yielded under low super-atmospheric pressure comprising: a waste gas pipe, a discharge conduit, a motor actuated compressor means having a suction side and discharge side disposed intermediate said pipe and said conduit, said suction side of said compressor in communication with said waste gas pipe, said discharge side of said compressor in communication with said discharge conduit, a torch installation connected to said waste gas pipe for discharging and burning superfluous waste gases when said waste gas yield in said waste gas pipe exceeds the capacity of said compressor, a liquid separator incorporated in said waste gas pipe, pressure sensitive means measuring the pressure in said waste gas pipe, control means for controlling said motor of said compressor in dependence on the pressure in said waste gas pipe as measured by said pressure sensitive means, said liquid separator being provided with means for measuring the liquid level, said means for measuring the liquid level being connected to said control means of said motor to stop said motor when a predetermined liquid level has been exceeded, and a check valve in said discharge conduit preventing back flow of said waste gases to said compressor.
  • An apparatus for the utilization of oil refinery waste gases yielded under low super-atmospheric pressure comprising: a waste gas pipe, a discharge conduit, a motor actuated compressor means having a suction side and discharge side disposed intermediate said pipe and said conduit, said suction side of said compressor in communication with said waste gas pipe, said discharge side of said compressor in communication with said discharge conduit, a torch installation connected to said Waste gas pipe for discharging and burning superfluous waste gases when said waste gas yield in said waste gas pipe exceeds the capacity of said compressor, a liquid separator incorporated in said waste gas pipe, pressure sensitive means measuring the pressure in said waste gas pipe, control means for controlling said motor of said compressor in dependence on the pressure in said waste gas pipe as measured by said pressure sensitive means, said liquid separator being provided with means for measuring the liquid level, said means for measuring the liquid level being connected to an alarm means which is actuated when a predetermined liquid level has been exceeded, and a check valve in said discharge conduit preventing back fiow of said waste wases to said compressor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
US531255A 1965-03-18 1966-03-02 Apparatus for the uttlization of combustible waste gases of refineries or other plants Expired - Lifetime US3406895A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT248365A AT254377B (de) 1965-03-18 1965-03-18 Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Nutzbarmachen brennbarer Abgase von Raffinerien oder andern Anlagen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3406895A true US3406895A (en) 1968-10-22

Family

ID=3535108

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US531255A Expired - Lifetime US3406895A (en) 1965-03-18 1966-03-02 Apparatus for the uttlization of combustible waste gases of refineries or other plants

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3406895A (de)
AT (1) AT254377B (de)
BE (1) BE677632A (de)
CH (1) CH481358A (de)
DE (1) DE1545336B2 (de)
ES (1) ES323906A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1470495A (de)
GB (1) GB1133493A (de)
NL (1) NL6603003A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2438291A1 (fr) * 1978-10-02 1980-04-30 Du Pont Doseur perfectionne a faible debit d'air

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2530488B1 (fr) * 1982-07-20 1984-12-28 Sodeteg Procede de traitement de gaz combustible et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
DE3843436A1 (de) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-28 Linde Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur versorgung von verbrauchern mit acetylen oder verwandten brenngasen oder brenngasgemischen und anwendung
HRP930190B1 (en) * 1993-02-16 1998-04-30 Ilija Biland Ija Transferable electric plant for specific purposes
FR2773403B1 (fr) * 1998-01-06 2000-02-04 Alsthom Cge Alcatel Systeme pour assurer une regulation de pression dans une enceinte pompee par une pompe a vide

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2295775A (en) * 1940-10-31 1942-09-15 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Compressor control apparatus
US2899013A (en) * 1956-04-09 1959-08-11 Nat Tank Co Apparatus for recovery of petroleum vapors from run tanks
US3115296A (en) * 1959-12-11 1963-12-24 Linde Eismasch Ag Process and apparatus for the prevention of fires in oxygen high-pressure compressors
US3229895A (en) * 1964-09-29 1966-01-18 Ingersoll Rand Co Means of loading and controlling reciprocating expansion engines

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2295775A (en) * 1940-10-31 1942-09-15 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Compressor control apparatus
US2899013A (en) * 1956-04-09 1959-08-11 Nat Tank Co Apparatus for recovery of petroleum vapors from run tanks
US3115296A (en) * 1959-12-11 1963-12-24 Linde Eismasch Ag Process and apparatus for the prevention of fires in oxygen high-pressure compressors
US3229895A (en) * 1964-09-29 1966-01-18 Ingersoll Rand Co Means of loading and controlling reciprocating expansion engines

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2438291A1 (fr) * 1978-10-02 1980-04-30 Du Pont Doseur perfectionne a faible debit d'air
US4257746A (en) * 1978-10-02 1981-03-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Dosimeter having a low air flow rate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1133493A (en) 1968-11-13
CH481358A (de) 1969-11-15
DE1545336A1 (de) 1970-01-22
BE677632A (de) 1966-08-01
FR1470495A (fr) 1967-02-24
DE1545336B2 (de) 1976-07-29
AT254377B (de) 1967-05-26
NL6603003A (de) 1966-09-19
ES323906A1 (es) 1967-01-16

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