US3401559A - Method and apparatus for determining the degree of cohesion in multifilament yarn strands - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for determining the degree of cohesion in multifilament yarn strands Download PDF

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Publication number
US3401559A
US3401559A US505538A US50553865A US3401559A US 3401559 A US3401559 A US 3401559A US 505538 A US505538 A US 505538A US 50553865 A US50553865 A US 50553865A US 3401559 A US3401559 A US 3401559A
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yarn
cohesion
probe
degree
filament
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US505538A
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English (en)
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Charles M Rice
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Akzona Inc
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American Enka Corp
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Priority to US505538A priority Critical patent/US3401559A/en
Priority to NL6611109A priority patent/NL6611109A/xx
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/36—Textiles
    • G01N33/365—Filiform textiles, e.g. yarns

Definitions

  • the amount of filament entanglement or cohesion in multifilament yarn may be determined automatically by feeding a predetermined amount of yarn over a needlelike yarn probe which is mounted for movement as filament entanglement occurs, and by recording movement of the yarn probe while simultaneously releasing the probe from yarn entanglement to permit reinsertion and additional recording at another point in the continuously moving yarn.
  • This invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining, in a running length of textile yarn, the degree of cohesion existing between the individual filaments of the yarn.
  • Cohesion in a multifilament yarn strand can be improved in various Ways.
  • the yarn may be coated with an adhesive solution. Probably the best known way is by twisting the yarn strand along its length to linearly disoreient the filaments about each other.
  • a more recent method of producing filament cohesion in a yarn strand involves subjecting a moving strand to fluid pressure, usually air, whereby the individual filaments of the strand are randomly disoriented to interlace the filaments along the yarn length.
  • yarns are often subjected to a high pressure fluid stream to mechanically disorient the filaments of a strand and produce bulky yarn.
  • Multifilament yarns bulked in such manner produce novel effects in textile products.
  • Carpets containing bulked yarns have a more aesthetic appearance and give greater covering power per unit area.
  • Knitted and woven wearing apparel made from bulked yarns possess improved covering power, greater warmth, and better hand.
  • twisting For better quality control of yarns which are subjected to mechanical filament disorientation, i.e., twisting, air jet interlacing, and bulking, it is necessary to be able to evaluate the yarns to determine the degree of disorientation to which the filaments have been subjected. To achieve product uniformity, it is desirable that the twist and tangle level of the yarn filaments be as similar as possible to their companion yarns.
  • hook-drop method One method used to determine the degree of interlacing of the individual filaments of a tangled yarn is known as the hook-drop method.
  • This method disclosed in US. Patent No. 2,985,995, requires that a large number of short length samples of yarn be cut from the yarn for evaluation. Each sample is, in turn, manually fastened to a vertical graduated scale. The lower end of the sample is weighted, the yarn bundle carefully separated with a pointed instrument, and a weighted hook inserted into the yarn and lowered at a specific rate of travel until it is supported by the yarn. The average distance traversed by the hook indicates the degree of entanglement, or coherency factor, of the yarn.
  • test has disadvantages. Because multiple samples must be prepared and the test manually performed on each sample, the test is quite time consuming and does not lend itself to the continuous processes of commercial production.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide novel apparatus for determining the coherency in a multifilament yarn.
  • a traveling multifilament yarn which has been previously twisted of air-jetted to linearly disorient the filaments is passed over a needle-type sensor extending into the approximate center of the yarn strand.
  • the needle is biased in a direction opposite to direction of travel of the yarn.
  • the yarns of the present invention are drawn from a suitable supply source, such as a pirn, through a thread tensioning device which maintains a constant tension on the yarn.
  • the yarn passes from the yarn tensioner, by means of a series of yarn guides, vertically past a needletype coherency sensor. Yarn movement past the sensor is effected by a yarn-gripping roller driven by a constant speed, synchronous motor.
  • the motor may be operated continuously or programmed by suitable means to pass a desired amount of yarn through the system.
  • the device for sensing the degree of coherency of the yarn strand is composed of a needle-shaped, thin probe which is pivotally mounted and positioned so as to penetrate and extend through the approximate middle of the yarn strand as it moves in a vertical direction.
  • the probe which extends horizontally into the yarn strand, is biased against the direction of yarn travel by an adjustable weight attached to the probe.
  • the amount of twist and/or entanglement existing in the yarn exerts an upward pressure on the probe.
  • sufiicient pressure is exerted on the probe, the yarn moves the probe upward, against its biasing weight, in the direction of yarn travel.
  • Probe movement generates an impulse which simultaneously registers a tangle count and activates means which remove the probe from the point of resistance in the yarn and immediately reinsert the needle into the moving yarn.
  • the number of tangle counts recorded is an indication of the degree of cohesion that exists in the yarn.
  • FIGURE I is an overall presentation of the tangletesting system containing yarn to be evaluated threaded into the system for evaluation.
  • FIGURE II is a detailed view of the filament cohesion sensor and yarn displacement device of FIGURE I in cohesion-sensing position.
  • FIGURE III is a detailed view of the filament cohesion sensor and yarn displacement device of FIGURE I, showing the position of the displacement device and sensor as the sensor is separated from the yarn strand.
  • I yarn 2 which has been tangled or twisted in a texturizing step, is fed from yarn package 1 through a constant tension device 3.
  • Constant tension devices are well known and in the present embodiment a Kiddle Double-Disc Compensating Tensioner, model B, is used.
  • Via yarn guides 4, 5, and 9 the yarn is directed vertically past the cohesion-sensing components of the system.
  • These components consist of a filament cohesion sensor 7 and a yarn displacement device 6.
  • a cohesion entanglement counter 8 is operatively connected thereto. Cohesion-sensing components 6 and '7 are shown in more detail in FIGURES II and III and their operation is explained below.
  • the yarn is moved through the system by motor-driven (not shown) yarn roll 12, To prevent slippage of the yarn about drive roll 12, the yarn is passed several times about a yarn wrapping guide 10 and a yarngripping friction roll 11, which friction roll is biased against roll 12 to press the yarn onto the surface of the roll. From yarn drive roll 12 the yarn 2 may be passed to waste or recollected for subsequent use.
  • the yarn dis placement device 6, filament cohesion sensor 7, and cohesion entanglement counter 8 are electrically connected by a power supply network 14 containing a normallyopen switch 13.
  • FIGURES II and III show, in detail, the arrangement and operation of the cohesion-sensing components of the system.
  • the filament cohesion sensor 7 is composed of a pivot arm 15 rotatably supported by pivot support 16.
  • adjustable weight 17 may be moved along arm 15 to increase or decrease the bias on needle probe 18, depending on the particular yarn being tested.
  • needle probe 18 is centered in the traveling yarn strand 2 by yarn centering guides 19. These guides insure that the probe penetrates the approximate center of the yarn strand when the needle probe is contacted by the yarn.
  • the yarn displacement device is composed of a pulltype solenoid 20 having a yarn displacement arm 21 upon which are mounted yarn displacement guides 22.
  • the yarn displacement arm 21 moves in horizontal direction to the right, displacing the yarn path and removing the yarn strand from needle probe 13 and yarn centering guides 1? (see FIGURE III).
  • spring 23 returns the yarn displacement arm horizontally to the left.
  • the operation of the cohesion-sensing components is as follows. As the yarn bundle 2 travels upwardly past needle probe 18, the twist and/or entanglement in the filaments of yarn strand 2 exerts pressure on the probe. When yarn which has been twisted is tested, the needle probe 18 strips the twist back for a distance along the running yarn. ⁇ Vhen the pressure exerted by the yarn overcomes the force of adjustable weight 17, the filament cohesion sensor 6 rises to close normally-open electrical contacts 25 and 26 (FIGURE III) and activate power supply network 14. Activation of power supply network 14 simultaneously energizes the pull-type solenoid 20 of yarn displacement device 6 and records a tangle count on the cohesion entanglement counter 8.
  • Yarn displacement arm 21 is drawn by solenoid 20 to the right and yarn displacement guides 22 withdraw the yarn bundle from the needle probe 18.
  • the force of weight 17 rotates pivot arm 15 and moves needle probe 18 away from electrical contacts 25 and 26 which separate todeactivate power supply network 14.
  • Deactivation of power supply network 14 releases the electric impulse on the solenoid 20.
  • Spring 23 then moves yarn displacement arm 21 to the left so that the yarn strand 2 again contacts needle probe 18.
  • Yarn centering guides 19 insure that the needle probe 18 penetrates the approximate center of the yarn bundle. Passage of the yarn past the needle probe 18 again builds up pressure and the foregoing cycle is repeated.
  • the number of tangle counts recorded by the cohesion entanglement counter S in a given amount of yarn travel is an indication of the degree of cohesion existing in the filaments in the yarn.
  • yarn drive roll 12 is controlled to pass a given amount of yarn during each test.
  • Various means may be used to control the amount of yarn take ofi, such as timing means or cams, and such control means are considered obvious to those skilled in the art.
  • the yarn may move in a stationary linear path and the filament cohesion sensor be displaced therefrom. It is also unnecessary that the yarn be passed vertically to take advantage of gravity forces to return the filament cohesion sensor to the yarn.
  • the yarn may be passed horizontally, with suitable means to remove and replace the needle probe from the yarnpath as cohesion counts are made
  • a method of determining the degree of cohesion in filaments of a multifilament yarn which has been subjected to a mechanical treating step whereby the filaments in the yarn are linearly disoriented to improve their 00- hesion comprising the steps of (l) continuously passing a yarn strand under constant tension and at controlled speed past a filament disorientation sensing point;
  • Apparatus for recording the amount of filament cohesion in a length of multifilament yarn comprising (a) feed means for continuously moving a predetermined amount of multifilament yarn at a constant speed along a linear path; 7 I
  • biasing means normally urging said yarn probe and said multifilament yarn into engagement with the probe inserted into the filaments of the yarn, whereupon filament cohesion in the moving yarn will cause movement of the yarn probe from said first to said second position;
  • bi-functional means responsive to movement of the yarn probe to said second position for recording the filament cohesion and for concurrently disengaging the yarn probe from the yarn;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US505538A 1965-10-28 1965-10-28 Method and apparatus for determining the degree of cohesion in multifilament yarn strands Expired - Lifetime US3401559A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US505538A US3401559A (en) 1965-10-28 1965-10-28 Method and apparatus for determining the degree of cohesion in multifilament yarn strands
NL6611109A NL6611109A (de) 1965-10-28 1966-08-06

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3793883A (en) * 1972-04-19 1974-02-26 Rohm & Haas Yarn entanglement tester
US4165638A (en) * 1977-11-10 1979-08-28 Techniservice Division Textured Yarn Co., Inc. Entanglement testing apparatus and method
EP0250669A1 (de) * 1986-07-01 1988-01-07 Toray Industries, Inc. Vorrichtung zur Messung des Verschlingungsgrades eines Garns
US5140852A (en) * 1990-06-15 1992-08-25 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for measuring the degree of filament intermingling of a multifilament yarn

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3290932A (en) * 1964-08-26 1966-12-13 Du Pont Device for testing multifilament yarns

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3290932A (en) * 1964-08-26 1966-12-13 Du Pont Device for testing multifilament yarns

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3793883A (en) * 1972-04-19 1974-02-26 Rohm & Haas Yarn entanglement tester
US4165638A (en) * 1977-11-10 1979-08-28 Techniservice Division Textured Yarn Co., Inc. Entanglement testing apparatus and method
EP0250669A1 (de) * 1986-07-01 1988-01-07 Toray Industries, Inc. Vorrichtung zur Messung des Verschlingungsgrades eines Garns
US5140852A (en) * 1990-06-15 1992-08-25 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for measuring the degree of filament intermingling of a multifilament yarn

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NL6611109A (de) 1966-11-25

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