US3399544A - Refrigeration system with high side float - Google Patents

Refrigeration system with high side float Download PDF

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Publication number
US3399544A
US3399544A US63199867A US3399544A US 3399544 A US3399544 A US 3399544A US 63199867 A US63199867 A US 63199867A US 3399544 A US3399544 A US 3399544A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
valve
plate
refrigerant
float
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
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English (en)
Inventor
William T Osborne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Priority to US63199867 priority Critical patent/US3399544A/en
Priority to GB5266967A priority patent/GB1197510A/en
Priority to DE19671601020 priority patent/DE1601020C/de
Priority to CH1820567A priority patent/CH466340A/de
Priority to NL6800812A priority patent/NL6800812A/xx
Priority to BE713164D priority patent/BE713164A/xx
Priority to FR1560156D priority patent/FR1560156A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3399544A publication Critical patent/US3399544A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/18—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid actuated by a float
    • F16K31/20—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid actuated by a float actuating a lift valve
    • F16K31/22—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid actuated by a float actuating a lift valve with the float rigidly connected to the valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
    • F25B1/053—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type of turbine type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/315—Expansion valves actuated by floats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/02—Details of evaporators
    • F25B2339/024—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger
    • F25B2339/0242—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger having tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/04—Condensers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7287—Liquid level responsive or maintaining systems
    • Y10T137/7358—By float controlled valve
    • Y10T137/7439—Float arm operated valve
    • Y10T137/7485—Pivoted valve

Definitions

  • This invention relates to refrigeration systems and more particularly to a refrigeration system employing a float valve to regulate refrigerant flow therein and provide a liquid seal between the high and low sides of the system.
  • Balanced valves have been used for this purpose to reduce the necessary operating torques on the valve to a minimum.
  • valves are subject to unpredictable dynamic forces, especially when operating under conditions of high flow rates or large pressure drops. Consequently, the valve becomes unstable which in turn produces loss of chilled water temperature control, surging, and danger of freeze-up. In some instances, the unknown, unexpected forces on the valve are sufficient to swing the valve wide open, lifting the float ball completely out of the refrigerant or to slam the valve shut, thereby submerging the float ball in the refrigerant.
  • a refrigerant metering valve having a pressure bias and a dynamic bias
  • a refrigeration system having a high pressure side including a compressor and condenser, a low pressure side including an evaporator and means forming an opening between the high and low pressure sides of the system.
  • a valve plate is pivoted above the plane of said opening and operably associated therewith so that the forces acting on the plate are substantially balanced when the plate is in a closed position and resultant closing force is present on the plate when it is pivoted toward open position.
  • a bias plate is attached to the underside of the valve plate to provide a dynamic closing bias on the plate to prevent instability thereof.
  • the valve plate is also provided with a float and float arm for positioning the plate in response to the level of liquid refrigerant on the high side of the machine.
  • FIGURE 1 is an elevational view partially in section of a refrigeration machine with portions of the refrigerant piping shown schematically;
  • FIGURE 2 is an elevational view in section of the refrigerant float valve in open position
  • FIGURE 3 is an elevational view in section of the refrigerant float valve in closed position
  • FIGURE 4 is a graph of the torque necessary to open the valve versus the percent of valve open illustrating the increasing closing torque on the valve at high refrigerant flow rates therethrough.
  • a centrifugal refrigeration machine 1 for cooling a large quantity of water. Refrigeration machines of this type are employed to cool water flowing within a closed circuit forming a part of an air conditioning installation.
  • the machine 1 having a refrigerant motor compressor 2 includes a shell 3 for housing the heat transfer units (evaporator and condenser) associated with the machine.
  • the shell 3 has a partition 4 therein for separating the high pressure condenser section 5 from the low pressure evaporator section 6.
  • a tube bundle 7 in evaporator section 6 is provided for passing the water to be chilled therethrough.
  • a tube bundle 8 in the condenser section 5 is provided for passing cooling water therethrough from a suitable source such as a cooling tower, not shown, to condense the compressed refrigerant in condenser section 5.
  • a refrigerant receiver or float box 9 is provided for receiving gaseous and liquid refrigerant from the condenser through passageway 10 communicating therewith.
  • Float valve assembly 11 in float box 9 is provided for metering refrigerant from the float box to the evaporator section 6 through opening 13.
  • the float valve assembly 11 comprises a float ball 15, a float arm 17 and a valve plate 19.
  • the float valve assembly is pivoted on pin 21 which is disposed in a plane above the plane of opening 13 for reasons to be hereinafter explained.
  • the float valve assembly will operate to maintain a liquid seal in float box 9 under all normal operating conditions. Under low load conditions, a small quantity of refrigerant will flow to the float box 9 causing the refrigerant level therein to drop. The float will therefore hold valve plate 19 in a substantially closed position to provide minimal flow of refrigerant to the evaporator. Under these conditions, a relative stable refrigerant flow is encountered. As can be seen from FIGURE 3, when the float valve assembly 11 is in a substantially closed position the pressure differential across opening 13 acts on equal projected plate areas 23 and 25 and thereby creates opposing torques about pivot pin 21 which are substantially equal resulting in a substantially balanced valve under low load conditions.
  • FIGURE 2 which illustrates the float assembly 11 in a substantially open position, it can be seen that the pressure difierential across opening 13 acts on unequal protected plate areas 27 and 29 and thereby creates opposing torques about pivot pin 21 which are unequal.
  • the bias plate 31 which is attached to the underside of plate 19 is acted upon by the stream of refrigerant flowing through opening 13 causing a greater closing force to be exerted on the plate 19.
  • the graph of FIGURE 4 illustrates the increasing torque necessary to open the valve as the percent of valve opening increases in response to the pressure inbalance on the valve plate and the force exerted on the :bias plate.
  • valve of my invention which is subjected to a closing bias when it is in the open position has extremely stable control characteristics. Furthermore, by converting the normally random, unpredictable, reversible dynamic forces which exist due to large high velocity flow rates through the valve into directed, non-reversible, predictable bias forces, a valve is provided which has the additional feature of control reliability.
  • a high pressure side including a compressor and a condenser
  • a low pressure side including an evaporator
  • valve plate associated with said opening, movable between closed position and an open position for regulating refrigerant flow therethrough
  • pivot means disposed above the plane of said opening
  • valve plate and mounting said valve plate so that the forces acting on said plate are substantially balanced when said plate is in a closed position and a resultant closing force is present on said plate when it is pivoted toward open position
  • a float operably associated with said plate to position said plate in response to the level of liquid refrigerant on the high side of the machine
  • bias means to provide a dynamic closing bias on said plate to prevent instability thereof.
  • said bias means comprises a bias plate, afiixed to the underside of said valve plate, substantially perpendicular to the plane of said valve plate, the refrigerant flowing through said opening impinging thereon and exerting a closing force on said valve plate.
  • a refrigerant valve for regulating the flow of refrigerant through an opening between the high and low pressure sides of a refrigeration machine comprising:
  • valve plate associated with said opening, movable between closed position and an open position for metering refrigerant therethrough, p
  • pivot means disposed above the plane of said opening, operably associated with said valve plate so that the forces acting on said. plate are substantially balanced when said plate is in a closed position and a resultant closingforce is present on said plate when it is pivoted toward open position,
  • a. float operably associated with said plate to position said plate in response to the level of liquid refrigerant on the high side of the machine
  • bias means to provide a. dynamic closing bias on said plate to prevent instability thereof.
  • a refrigerant valve according to claim 3 wherein said bias means comprises a bias plate, afiixed to the un- 20 derside of said valve plate substantially perpendicular to the plane of said valve plate, the refrigerant flowing through said opening impinging thereon and exerting a closing force on said valve plate.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Float Valves (AREA)
  • Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)
US63199867 1967-04-19 1967-04-19 Refrigeration system with high side float Expired - Lifetime US3399544A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US63199867 US3399544A (en) 1967-04-19 1967-04-19 Refrigeration system with high side float
GB5266967A GB1197510A (en) 1967-04-19 1967-11-20 Refrigeration Machine and Valve Thereof
DE19671601020 DE1601020C (de) 1967-04-19 1967-12-19 Schwimmerventil fur eine Kalte anlage
CH1820567A CH466340A (de) 1967-04-19 1967-12-27 Kältemittelventil zur Steuerung des Kältemittelstromes durch eine Öffnung zwischen einem Hoch- und einem Niederdruckteil einer Kältemaschine
NL6800812A NL6800812A (en:Method) 1967-04-19 1968-01-18
BE713164D BE713164A (en:Method) 1967-04-19 1968-04-03
FR1560156D FR1560156A (en:Method) 1967-04-19 1968-04-19

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US63199867 US3399544A (en) 1967-04-19 1967-04-19 Refrigeration system with high side float

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3399544A true US3399544A (en) 1968-09-03

Family

ID=24533658

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US63199867 Expired - Lifetime US3399544A (en) 1967-04-19 1967-04-19 Refrigeration system with high side float

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3399544A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE713164A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH466340A (en:Method)
FR (1) FR1560156A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1197510A (en:Method)
NL (1) NL6800812A (en:Method)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5009079A (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-04-23 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant flow control device
US5209080A (en) * 1992-01-21 1993-05-11 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant flow control device
US5799504A (en) * 1996-12-04 1998-09-01 White Consolidated Industries, Inc. Refrigerator system with float valve flow control
US9677795B2 (en) 2012-12-21 2017-06-13 Trane International Inc. Refrigerant management in a HVAC system
US10126066B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-11-13 Trane International Inc. Side mounted refrigerant distributor in a flooded evaporator and side mounted inlet pipe to the distributor
US20220381365A1 (en) * 2019-09-11 2022-12-01 Shanghai ZTEC Environmental S&T CO., LTD. Negative Pressure Pipeline Opening and Closing Device

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8625822D0 (en) * 1986-10-29 1986-12-03 Guest P Control flap arrangement
FR2664183B1 (fr) * 1990-07-06 1992-10-16 Clerc Roger Carrousel de decapage et bac de decantation.

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2289868A (en) * 1940-12-16 1942-07-14 Brodie Ralph N Co Butterfly valve operating mechanism
US2921446A (en) * 1956-11-02 1960-01-19 Carrier Corp Refrigeration machine
US3315486A (en) * 1966-02-16 1967-04-25 Carrier Corp Refrigerant flow control for improving low capacity efficiency

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2289868A (en) * 1940-12-16 1942-07-14 Brodie Ralph N Co Butterfly valve operating mechanism
US2921446A (en) * 1956-11-02 1960-01-19 Carrier Corp Refrigeration machine
US3315486A (en) * 1966-02-16 1967-04-25 Carrier Corp Refrigerant flow control for improving low capacity efficiency

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5009079A (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-04-23 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant flow control device
US5209080A (en) * 1992-01-21 1993-05-11 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant flow control device
US5799504A (en) * 1996-12-04 1998-09-01 White Consolidated Industries, Inc. Refrigerator system with float valve flow control
US9677795B2 (en) 2012-12-21 2017-06-13 Trane International Inc. Refrigerant management in a HVAC system
US10422559B2 (en) 2012-12-21 2019-09-24 Trane International Inc. Refrigerant level management in heat exchangers of an HVAC chiller
US10126066B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-11-13 Trane International Inc. Side mounted refrigerant distributor in a flooded evaporator and side mounted inlet pipe to the distributor
US10914525B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2021-02-09 Trane International Inc. Side mounted refrigerant distributor in a flooded evaporator and side mounted inlet pipe to the distributor
US20220381365A1 (en) * 2019-09-11 2022-12-01 Shanghai ZTEC Environmental S&T CO., LTD. Negative Pressure Pipeline Opening and Closing Device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1601020A1 (de) 1970-01-29
NL6800812A (en:Method) 1968-10-21
GB1197510A (en) 1970-07-08
CH466340A (de) 1968-12-15
FR1560156A (en:Method) 1969-03-14
BE713164A (en:Method) 1968-08-16

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