US3399537A - Method of liquefying chlorine by absorption in and desorption from a solvent - Google Patents

Method of liquefying chlorine by absorption in and desorption from a solvent Download PDF

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Publication number
US3399537A
US3399537A US521300A US52130066A US3399537A US 3399537 A US3399537 A US 3399537A US 521300 A US521300 A US 521300A US 52130066 A US52130066 A US 52130066A US 3399537 A US3399537 A US 3399537A
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United States
Prior art keywords
absorption
chlorine
solvent
conduit
gas
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US521300A
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English (en)
Inventor
Honigh Christiaan Ger Frederik
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Akzo NV
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Koninklijke Nederlandse Zoutindustrie NV
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Priority to US521300A priority Critical patent/US3399537A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/01—Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/921—Chlorine

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved method for liquefying chlorine using an absorption and desorption process in which lower processing temperatures may be employed without water separation during processing.
  • a method may be used wherein the chlorine is absorbed in a solvent in a number of steps and then is desorbed from the solution of chlorine formed.
  • Such methods have been disclosed, for example, in the French specification 866,780, the Swiss application 302,144 and the British specification 801,730, disclosing essentially the same absorption and desorption process while using different solvents.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an improved method for liquefying chlorine using an absorption and desorption process in which water separation is inhibited even at lower processing temperatures.
  • the present invention is based on the recognition of the risk of water separation and on the insight that it can be reduced when the stream of chlorine gas is not,
  • the invention relates to a method of liquefying chlorine by absorption in and desorption from a solvent, wherein a stream of chlorine gas containing small amounts of impurities, among which water vapor, is contacted with a solvent for chlorine in an absorption section comprising a number of steps and wherein the rich solution of chlorine formed is heated in a distillation section so as to des'orb chlorine gas which is liquefied by cooling, while the remaining poor solution is returned to the absorption section.
  • this method is characterized in that a mass exchanging contact between at least part of the rich solution to be discharged from the absorption section and the gas stream is provided for, after at least half of the amount of chlorine originally present has already been absorbed from the gas stream.
  • the invention implies that with the same moisture content of the supplied gas, the temperature of the last absorption step may be chosen lower than is the case in the known embodiments of the absorption method. This permits a further lowering of the chlorine content of the residual gas and a further reduction of the solvent losses.
  • the mass exchanging contact to be applied according to the invention can be effected in several ways.
  • the countercurrent principle may be maintained in the first and, the case being, also in the following absorption steps and the gas stream discharged from the first step may be contacted with part of the rich solution discharged from the first step in a washing tower or like apparatus, before the gas stream is supplied to the second absorption step.
  • the mass exchanging contact is effected by carrying out the absorption in the first step such that the residual gas stream to be discharged from this step and the rich solution which is also to be discharged are susbtantially in equilibrium with each other.
  • FIG. I is a schematic diagram of a processing plant using the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a processing plant using another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stream of chlorine gas, supplied through conduit 1, is passed first through buffer vessel 2 before the gas stream is introduced through conduit 3 into bubble vessel 4 which is the first absorption vessel and in which the rich solution of chlorine formed is kept at a constant level.
  • the solvent for example, carbon tetrachloride
  • the solvent thus supplied usually contains a certain, amount of chlorine and, therefore, is referred to as the poor solution.
  • a branched off conduit 12 thereof supplies a small portion of the solvent stream to the last absorption vessel 8.
  • the solution formed in this vessel is supplied through overflow conduit 13 to conduit 14, through which the main stream of the poor solution is passed, and is supplied to the second absorption vessel 6 together with said main stream.
  • the solution formed in this vessel flows through overflow conduit 15 to the first vessel 4, in which the chlorine content of the liquid stream increases further.
  • the rich solution formed leaves vessel 4 through overflow conduit 16 and is passed through buffer vessel 2, conduit 17, pump 18 and conduit 19 to the distillation section, in which the solution is separated into the poor solution to be returned through conduit 11 and chlorine gas (containing water vapor) which is condensed and is discharged through conduit 20 as liquid chlorine.
  • Valves 21 and 22 are arranged in conduits 12 and 14, respectively, for controlling the branched off stream and the main stream of the returned poor solution.
  • the three absorption vessels are provided with cooling means which are shown in vessel 4 as a hairpin-like cooling tube 23, in vessel 16 as a cooling coil 24 and at vessel 8 as a cooling jacket 25.
  • the installation according to FIG. 2 has four absorption steps, the first two of which are passed by the main stream of the solvent. As in FIG. 1, the main stream cycle has been indicated with heavy lines.
  • the gaseous chlorine is supplied by conduit 26 and is successively passed through co-current absorber 27, conduit 28, buffer vessel 29, conduit 30, a second co-current absorber 31, conduit 32, countercurrent absorber 33, conduit 34 and a last absorber 35, in which a constant liquid level is maintained.
  • the residual gas which has not been absorbed is discharged through conduit 36.
  • the distillation section 37 has been indicated schematically.
  • the poor solution separated therein is returned to the absorption section of the installation through conduit 38.
  • a portion of the solvent is supplied through branched oif conduit 39 to the last absorber 35.
  • the solution formed therein is supplied through overflow conduit 40 to conduit 41, through which the main stream of the solvent is passed.
  • a second branchedoff conduit 42 supplies another portion of the solvent to absorber 33 and the solution discharged therefrom is passed through conduit 43 to the main stream.
  • This main stream, together with the solutions formed in the absorbers 35 and 33 and combined with the main stream, is passed through the absorbers 31 and 27 in the same direction as the gas stream.
  • the liquid conduit connecting the second and the first absorbers has been indicated with 44 and the conduit discharging liquid from the first absorber has been indicated with 45.
  • the last conduit supplies the rich solution obtained to buffer vessel 29, from which the solution is passed through conduit 46, pump 47 and conduit 48 to the distillation section 37.
  • the conduit for discharging the liquefied chlorine has been indicated with 49.
  • Valves 50, 51 and 52 serve for controlling the branched off streams and the main stream of the recycled poor solution.
  • the first three absorbers are film absorbers, in which the solvent flows along the inner wall of pipes which are cooled externally.
  • the last absorber 35 is in the form of a vessel, in which a constant liquid level is maintained. The vessel is surrounded by a jacket, through which a coolant is passed.
  • Example 41.4 mol/sec. of electrolysis gas (98% chlorine) having a pressure of 3 atm. are supplied through conduit 1 of an installation according to FIG. lf'The gas contains mol p.p.m. of water vapor.
  • the gas contains mol p.p.m. of water vapor.
  • This solution is separated in distillation section 10 into 40.25 mol/sec. of liquid chlorine containing 39.6 mol p.p.m. of water and 104.75 mol/sec. of a water free solution still containing 10 mol percent of chlorine.
  • 14.95 mol/sec. are supplied to the last absorber 8 which is kept at C., while 89.8 mol/sec. are directly passed through conduit 14 to the second absorber 6, together with 15.9 mol/sec. of the solution discharged through conduit 13 from the last absorber and containing 13.8 mol p.p.m. of water.
  • the combined liquid stream is contacted with the 9.05 mol/sec. of gas from line 5 in absorber 6 kept at 25 C., whereby 6.95 mol/sec. of chlorine are absorbed as yet.
  • the enriched solution obtained (112.65 mol/sec.) and containing 9.4 mol p.p.m. of water is passed through conduit 15 to the first absorber 4 and 2.10 mol/sec. of gas which has not been absorbed and which contains 112 mol of p.p.m. of water vapor is passed through conduit 7 to the last absorber 8. From this absorber, 1.15 mol/ sec. of residual gas containing 12 mol p.p.m. of water vapor is discharged.
  • a solvent for chlorine in an absorption section comprising at least two successive absorption steps in distinct separately contained zones of absorption wherein the gas flows through the first and second absorption zones successively and the solvent flows through the second and first absorption zones successively, in the first of which absorption zones at last half the amount of chlorine originally present in said gas stream is absorbed whereby a residual gas stream to be passed to the second absorption zone remains and a rich solution is formed, said rich solution is discharged from said first absorption zone and is then heated in a distillation section so as to desorb gaseous chlorine which gaseous chlorine is subsequently liquefied by cooling, while the remaining poor solution is returned to said second absorption zone as the solvent, the improvement which comprises preventing separation of liquid water from the gas stream beyond the first absorption zone by reducing the relative water vapor content remaining in the gas traversing the first absorption zone by flowing the gas stream and the liquid solvent through the first absorption zone in the same direction whereby the gas flows in contact with the rich solvent Without stripping water from
  • a method of liquefying chlorine contained in a gas stream in admixture with small amounts of impurities, among which is water vapor comprising (a) circulating a liquid solvent for chlorine alternatingly through a desorption section and an absorption section said absorption section comprising distinct separately contained zones of absorption wherein the gas flows through first, intermediate and final absorption zones successively and the solvent flows through the last, intermediate and first zones successively, the stream of solvent discharged from said desorption section being divided into at least one branch stream and a main stream, a branch stream of not more than 5% of said stream of solvent discharged from said desorption section being passed through said final absorption zone which is kept at a considerably lower temperature than said other absorption zones, at least one of said branch and main streams being passed through the intermediate absorption zone, and the combined branch and main streams being passed through said first absorption zone,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
US521300A 1965-01-20 1966-01-18 Method of liquefying chlorine by absorption in and desorption from a solvent Expired - Lifetime US3399537A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US521300A US3399537A (en) 1965-01-20 1966-01-18 Method of liquefying chlorine by absorption in and desorption from a solvent

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6500681A NL6500681A (pt) 1965-01-20 1965-01-20
US521300A US3399537A (en) 1965-01-20 1966-01-18 Method of liquefying chlorine by absorption in and desorption from a solvent

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US3399537A true US3399537A (en) 1968-09-03

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US (1) US3399537A (pt)
JP (1) JPS5417596B1 (pt)
BE (1) BE675037A (pt)
DK (1) DK113633B (pt)
FI (1) FI46687C (pt)
FR (1) FR1464504A (pt)
GB (1) GB1126176A (pt)
NL (2) NL6500681A (pt)
NO (1) NO115994B (pt)
SE (1) SE333135B (pt)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5788743A (en) * 1995-10-04 1998-08-04 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Selective separation and recovery of chlorine from gas mixtures
US5985226A (en) * 1998-01-07 1999-11-16 Occidental Chemcial Corporation Method of recovering chlorine from a gas mixture

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106122769B (zh) * 2016-07-13 2018-06-29 河南神马氯碱发展有限责任公司 一种能防止液氯倒灌入的抽真空系统

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1338654A (en) * 1917-02-10 1920-04-27 Niagara Smelting Corp Process of chlorin liquefaction
FR866780A (fr) * 1940-05-04 1941-09-03 Prod Chim De Clamecy Soc D Procédé et installation pour la fabrication du chlore à l'état pur
US2364660A (en) * 1939-01-20 1944-12-12 Laurance S Reid Method of and apparatus for recovering desirable petroleum hydrocarbon fractions from high pressure wells
US2402978A (en) * 1944-05-05 1946-07-02 Dow Chemical Co Process for chlorination of saturated hydrocarbons and recovering hydrochloric acid
US2656011A (en) * 1948-04-07 1953-10-20 Schweizerhall Saeurefab Separation of chlorine by absorption
US2868325A (en) * 1956-02-29 1959-01-13 Cathala Marie Edouard Joseph Method of extraction of chlorine from gaseous mixtures
US2909240A (en) * 1957-07-31 1959-10-20 Scient Design Co Chlorine recovery
US2995903A (en) * 1958-07-15 1961-08-15 Koppers Co Inc Process for recovery of benzene hydrocarbons

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1338654A (en) * 1917-02-10 1920-04-27 Niagara Smelting Corp Process of chlorin liquefaction
US2364660A (en) * 1939-01-20 1944-12-12 Laurance S Reid Method of and apparatus for recovering desirable petroleum hydrocarbon fractions from high pressure wells
FR866780A (fr) * 1940-05-04 1941-09-03 Prod Chim De Clamecy Soc D Procédé et installation pour la fabrication du chlore à l'état pur
US2402978A (en) * 1944-05-05 1946-07-02 Dow Chemical Co Process for chlorination of saturated hydrocarbons and recovering hydrochloric acid
US2656011A (en) * 1948-04-07 1953-10-20 Schweizerhall Saeurefab Separation of chlorine by absorption
US2868325A (en) * 1956-02-29 1959-01-13 Cathala Marie Edouard Joseph Method of extraction of chlorine from gaseous mixtures
US2909240A (en) * 1957-07-31 1959-10-20 Scient Design Co Chlorine recovery
US2995903A (en) * 1958-07-15 1961-08-15 Koppers Co Inc Process for recovery of benzene hydrocarbons

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5788743A (en) * 1995-10-04 1998-08-04 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Selective separation and recovery of chlorine from gas mixtures
US5985226A (en) * 1998-01-07 1999-11-16 Occidental Chemcial Corporation Method of recovering chlorine from a gas mixture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI46687C (fi) 1973-06-11
GB1126176A (en) 1968-09-05
NL6500681A (pt) 1966-07-21
SE333135B (sv) 1971-03-08
NO115994B (pt) 1969-01-13
DE1567721B2 (de) 1975-09-04
JPS5417596B1 (pt) 1979-06-30
NL125296C (pt) 1900-01-01
FI46687B (pt) 1973-02-28
FR1464504A (fr) 1966-12-30
BE675037A (pt) 1966-05-03
DK113633B (da) 1969-04-14
DE1567721A1 (de) 1969-09-11

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