US3398723A - Method and system for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids - Google Patents

Method and system for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
US3398723A
US3398723A US623054A US62305467A US3398723A US 3398723 A US3398723 A US 3398723A US 623054 A US623054 A US 623054A US 62305467 A US62305467 A US 62305467A US 3398723 A US3398723 A US 3398723A
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fluid
conduit
air
fuel
signal
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Charles E Smalling
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Black Sivalls and Bryson Inc
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Black Sivalls and Bryson Inc
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Priority to US623054A priority Critical patent/US3398723A/en
Priority to GB00722/68A priority patent/GB1175308A/en
Priority to FR1556646D priority patent/FR1556646A/fr
Priority to BE711847D priority patent/BE711847A/xx
Priority to DE19681601949 priority patent/DE1601949C/de
Priority to NL6803478A priority patent/NL6803478A/xx
Priority to JP43016263A priority patent/JPS4844419B1/ja
Priority to AT253668A priority patent/AT284071B/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1869—Hot gas water tube boilers not provided for in F22B1/1807 - F22B1/1861
    • F22B1/1876—Hot gas water tube boilers not provided for in F22B1/1807 - F22B1/1861 the hot gas being loaded with particles, e.g. dust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/02—Applications of combustion-control devices, e.g. tangential-firing burners, tilting burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0332—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating by burning a combustible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/039—Localisation of heat exchange separate on the pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F17C2250/0434—Pressure difference
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0443—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0631—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0642—Composition; Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/05—Regasification

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved method and system for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids, and more particularly, to an improved method and system for convectively heating cryogenic fluids wherein the fluids are vaporized and superheated to a desired temperature under constant or varying throughput conditions.
  • Cryogenic fluids are those fluids which can exist in the liquid phase only at very low temperatures when at moderate pressures. Such fluids are commonly stored in the liquid phase, and are subsequently converted to the vapor phase for use.
  • liquified natural gas is commonly utilized in the natural gas industry for meeting peak natural gas demands. In areas where natural gas is not locally produced it must be transported by pipeline from remote producing fields. During periods of peak gas consumption, such as a prolonged cold spell, the demand for natural gas may exceed the capacity of the pipeline. When this condition exists, the stored liquified natural gas is vaporized, superheated to prevent subsequent condensation, and injected into the pipeline in order to meet the demand.
  • the present invention provides a method and system for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids whereby direct heating of the fluid is accomplished and close control of the heat content of the fluid being heated is achieved.
  • the present invention is directed to a method and system for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids wherein heat is transferred to the fluid totally through convective heat transfer with no heat being transferred by radiant heat transfer.
  • the fluid is passed through a furnace within a plurality of tubes. Fuel and air are combusted in combustion chambers attached to the furnace, and hot products of combustion are discharged into the furnace at a high velocity. Because of the very low inlet temperature of the cryogenic fluid to be vaporized water condenses on the tubes containing the fluid from the hot products of combustion. This condensed water then freezes on the tubes forming layers of ice.
  • the ice has little effect on the rate of heat transferred from the hot products of combustion to the fluid since all the heat is transferred by convection and the rate of convective heat transfer is relative to the area of surface being heated rather than the material of the surface.
  • a heating step is provided wherein heat is transferred solely by convection, the rate of which is not affected by the presence of layers of ice on the tubes containing the fluid being heated.
  • the present invention further provides for closely controlling the level of superheat imparted to the fluid after it has been vaporized even though the fluid flow rate may vary. This is accomplished through the provision of con trolling the volume of hot products of combustion released into the furnace in proportion to the temperature of the superheated vapors leaving the furnace and in proportion to the flow rate of fluid to the furnace.
  • a further object of the present invention is the provision of a method and system wherein cryogenic fluids are vaporized and superheated to a desired level by controlling the rate of convective heat transferred from hot products of combustion to said fluids.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates in diagrammatic form a system for carrying out the method of this invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of the high select relay shown in FIGURE 1,
  • FIGURE 3 is a front sectional elevatiOn of a heater similar to that illustrated in FIGURE 1, and
  • FIGURE 4 is a side sectional elevation of a heater similar to that illustrated in FIGURE 1.
  • conduit 1 leads a supply of cryogenic fluid in liquid form to a heater generally indicated by the reference numeral 2.
  • the fluid passes through a plurality of heating tubes 3 connected in series and disposed within heater 2.
  • the number and arrangement of heating tubes 3 is determined by standard engineering design practices taking into account such factors as the volume of fluid to be vaporized and superheated, the composition of the fluid, etc.
  • Hot products of combustion are discharged into heater 2 from combustion chambers 4 causing convective heat to be transferred to the fluid within heating tubes 3 as will be discussed in greater detail below.
  • the cryogenic fluid within heating tubes 3 is vaporized and superheated a desired amount.
  • Conduit 5 leads the superheated vapor from the system to a point of use or further distribution.
  • Combustion chambers 4 are each capable of producing a high velocity jet of hot products of combustion and are of the type described and shown in US. Patent No. 3,265,113. Fuel and air are intimately mixed in the combustion chambers, combusted, and hot products of combustion only are discharged from the chambers.
  • Conduit 6 leads air from a source to conduits 7 and 8. Conduit 7 leads air to one of combustion chambers 4, and conduit 8 leads air to the other of combustion chambers 4.
  • Valve 12 in conduit 6 regulates the flow of air traveling from its source to combustion chambers 4.
  • Conduit 9 leads fuel from a source to conduits 10 and 11.
  • Conduit 10 leads fuel to one of combustion chambers 4, and conduit 11 leads fuel to the other of combustion chambers 4.
  • Valve 13 in conduit 9 regulates the flow of fuel traveling from its source to combustion chambers 4. If it is desired to regulate the flow of air and fuel to combustion chambers 4 manually, valves 12 and 13 may be manually operable.
  • the system shown illustrates apparatus for automatically controlling the flow of fuel and air to combustion chambers 4 which is the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Valves 12 and 13 are shown as a pneumatically operable assembly generally designated by reference numeral 14.
  • a pair of orifice flanges and an orifice, generally designated by reference numeral 15, are installed in conduit 1.
  • a pneumatic flow controller 16 senses the differential pressure drop of the fluid across orifice assembly 15 through conduits 17.
  • Flow controller 16 is of the pneumatic type wherein air or other gas is supplied to the instrument at a pressure level of p.s.i.g. the instrument responds to the differential pressure across orifice assembly 15 with a proportional output pneumatic signal of from 0 to 15 p.s.i.g. No further detailed description of the orifice assembly 15 or the flow controller 16 is given since any conventional pneumatic differential pressure type of flow controller assembly may be used.
  • a temperature sensing element 18 is installed in conduit 5 and is connected to temperature controller 19 by conduit 20.
  • Temperature controller 19 is also of the pneumatic type wherein air or other gas is supplied to it at a pressure level of 20 p.s.i.g., and it responds to the temperature sensed by element 18 with a proportional output pneumatic signal of from 0 to 15 p.s.i.g. No further detailed description of element 18, conduit 20, or temperature controller 19 is given since any conventional pneumatic temperature controller assembly may be used.
  • Biasing relay 44 is a relay of the type wherein an output signal adjustably proportional to the input signal is generated. Air or other gas at a pressure level of 30 p.s.i.g. is supplied biasing relay 44 so that an output signal of from 0 to 25 p.s.i.g. may be generated in proportion to the signal generated by flow controller 16. No further description is given as any biasing relay of the type described may be used.
  • the output signal from biasing relay 44 is led by conduit 42 to temperature controller 19 and is used as the supply for temperature controller 19.
  • a second portion of the output signal from flow controller 16 is led by conduit 21 to one input connection of high select relay 22, and the output signal from temperature controller 19 is led by conduit 23 to a second input connection of high select relay 22.
  • High select relay 22 is of the type which responds to two input pneumatic signals with one output pneumatic signal of a pressure level equal to the highest of the two input signals.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates one form of such a relay.
  • Input pneumatic signals are led into the relay by conduits 21 and 23.
  • the pneumatic signal from conduit 21 is led by passage 25 to passages 26 and 27.
  • Passage 26 leads a portion of the signal into chamber 28 wherein its pressure is exerted on the top surface of diaphragm 29.
  • Passage 27 leads a portion of the signal into chamber 30 wherein its pressure is exerted on the top surface of diaphragm 31.
  • Diaphragms 29 and 31 are flexible rubher, or other similar material, which will respond to pneumatic pressure by expanding or bulging.
  • the input pneumatic signal from conduit 23 is led by passage 32 to passages 33 and 34.
  • Passage 33 leads a portion of the signal into chamber 35 wherein its pressure is exerted on the bottom side of diaphragm 29, and passage 34 leads a portion of the signal into chamber 36 wherein its pressure is exerted on the bottom side of diaphragm 31.
  • Passage 37 is located between diaphragms 29 and 31 so that its openings are adjacent to diaphragms 29 and 31.
  • high select relay 22 transmits an output pneumatic signal of a pressure level equal to the highest of either the signal from biasing relay 44, or the signal from temperature controller 19.
  • This signal is led by conduit 24 to pneumatically operable valve assembly 14.
  • Assembly 14 is comprised of a pneumatic operator 39 which is adjustably attached to both valve 12 and valve 13.
  • Pneumatic operator 39 can be any standard transducer of pneumatic pressure to mechanical motion.
  • Operator 39 is mechanically and adjustably linked to valve 12 by link 40 so that movement of operator 39 opens or closes valve 12.
  • Link 41 is adjustably attached to valves 12 and 13 so that movement of valve 12 moves valve 13 in a predetermined ratio. No further detailed description of valve assembly 14 is given since any pneumatically operated ratio valve assembly may be used.
  • the flow of cryogenic fluid in liquid form passing through conduit 1 is sensed by flow controller 16.
  • a proportional output signal is generated by flow controller 16 and a portion of it is routed to high select relay 22.
  • a second portion of the output signal from flow controller 16 is routed to biasing relay 44 and the output from biasing relay 44 is used as the supply for temperature controller 19.
  • the cryogenic fluid is vaporized and superheated in heater 2.
  • Temperature controller 19 senses the temperature of the superheated vapors passing through conduit 5 and generates a proportional signal which is routed to high select relay 22.
  • Flow controller 16 is adjusted to generate an output signal of approximately 9 p.s.i.g. when the flow of cryogenic fluid passing through conduit 1 is normal.
  • Biasing relay 44 is adjusted to generate an output signal of 20 p.s.i.g. when the input signal from flow controller 16 is 9 p.s.i.g. Temperature controller 19 is adjusted with a 20 p.s.i.g. supply signal from biasing relay 44 to generate a 12 p.s.i.g. output signal when the temperature of the vapors in conduit 5 is normal.
  • Valve assembly 14 is adjusted to maintain fuel and air flow rates to combustion chambers 4 in the proper volume of fuel to volume of air ratio so that the desired vapor temperature in conduit 5 is maintained.
  • valve assembly 14 will receive a proportional signal up to the maximum range of temperature controller 19 (15 p.s.i.g.), and down to the output signal of flow controller 16 (9 p.s.i.g.). As long as the flow of cryogenic fluid through conduit 1 remains constant this 5 p.s.i.g. range is adequate to maintain a constant temperature of vapors in conduit 5. If the flow of fluid in conduit 1 drops unexpectedly, the output signal from flow controller 16 will drop proportionally. The output signal from biasing relay 44 will also drop proportionally causing the output signal from temperature controller 19 to drop in a corresponding manner.
  • valve assembly 14 will immediately receive a lower signal when the flow to heater 2 drops, even though the temperature of the vapors in conduit 5 has not yet changed.
  • the flow of fluid in conduit 1 unexpectedly increases the reverse of the steps outlined above will result causing valve assembly 14 to receive an immediate higher signal.
  • Changes in the signal to valve assembly 14 will in turn raise or lower the volume of air and fuel being combusted in combustion chambers 4 which in turn causes more or less heat to be transferred to the fluid being vaporized and superheated.
  • a system is provided which will cause the heat input to the cryogenic fluid to change immediately upon either flow or temperature changes, and which will maintain a desired temperature thereafter.
  • FIGURES 3 and 4 a heater of the type necessary for carrying out the present invention is illustrated.
  • a plurality of heating tubes 3 are connected in two parallel banks as shown.
  • Return ben'd-s 46 are used to connect the tubes in each bank in series.
  • An inlet connection 47 passes through furnace structure 45 in the lower portion of one vertical wall, and an exit connection 48 passes through furnace structure 45 in the upper portion of the opposite vertical wall.
  • High velocity hot products of combustion are discharged from combustion chambers 4, said chambers having been previously described. Because of the high velocity of the hot products of combustion, eflicient circulation of the hot products of combustion occurs within furnace structure 45 as shown by the arrows in FIGURE 4.
  • Baffles 50 are disposed within furnace structure 45 in the position illustrated to facilitate circulation of the hot products of combustion.
  • a method for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids which comprises:
  • a method for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids which comprises:
  • a method for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids which comprises:
  • a method for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids which comprises:
  • a system for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids which comprises:
  • a plurality of heating tubes disposed within said furnace structure defining a continuous flow path and having an inlet and an outlet passing through said furnace structure;
  • a first conduit connected to the inlet of said heating tubes and connected to source of cryogenic fluid pp y;
  • a second conduit connected to the outlet of said heating tubes and connected to a vapor distribution system
  • a first valve connected to said third conduit and connected to a source of air
  • a secnod valve connected to said fourth conduit and connected to a source of fuel
  • a system for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids which comprises:
  • a plurality of heating tubes disposed within said furnace structure defining a continuous flow path and having an inlet and an outlet passing through said furnace structure;
  • a first conduit connected to. the inlet of said heating tubes and connected to a source of cryogenic fluid supply;
  • a second conduit connected to the outlet of said heating tubes and connected to a vapor distribution system
  • a second valve connected to said fourth conduit an connected to a source of fuel
  • a system for vaporizing and superheating cryogeni fluids which comprises:
  • a plurality of heating tubes disposed within said furnace structure defining a continuous flow path and having an inlet and an outlet passing through said furnace structure;
  • a first conduit connected to the inlet of said heating tubes and connected to a source of cryogenic fluid pp y;
  • a first valve connected to said third conduit and connected to a source of air
  • a second valve connected to said fourth conduit and connected to a source of fuel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
US623054A 1967-03-14 1967-03-14 Method and system for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids Expired - Lifetime US3398723A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US623054A US3398723A (en) 1967-03-14 1967-03-14 Method and system for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids
GB00722/68A GB1175308A (en) 1967-03-14 1968-03-05 Method and Apparatus for Vaporizing and Superheating Cryogenic Fluids.
FR1556646D FR1556646A (en, 2012) 1967-03-14 1968-03-06
DE19681601949 DE1601949C (de) 1967-03-14 1968-03-07 Verfahren zur Regelung der Austrittstemperatur eines überhitzten tiefsiedenden verflüssigten Gases
BE711847D BE711847A (en, 2012) 1967-03-14 1968-03-07
NL6803478A NL6803478A (en, 2012) 1967-03-14 1968-03-12
JP43016263A JPS4844419B1 (en, 2012) 1967-03-14 1968-03-14
AT253668A AT284071B (de) 1967-03-14 1968-03-14 Vorrichtung für ein Vergasen und Überhitzen kälteflüssiger Substanzen

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US623054A US3398723A (en) 1967-03-14 1967-03-14 Method and system for vaporizing and superheating cryogenic fluids

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US3398723A true US3398723A (en) 1968-08-27

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US (1) US3398723A (en, 2012)
JP (1) JPS4844419B1 (en, 2012)
AT (1) AT284071B (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE711847A (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR1556646A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB1175308A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL6803478A (en, 2012)

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US20060144080A1 (en) * 2004-09-22 2006-07-06 Heath Rodney T Vapor process system
US20070186770A1 (en) * 2004-09-22 2007-08-16 Heath Rodney T Natural Gas Vapor Recovery Process System
US20090223246A1 (en) * 2008-03-06 2009-09-10 Heath Rodney T Liquid Hydrocarbon Slug Containing Vapor Recovery System
US20100040989A1 (en) * 2008-03-06 2010-02-18 Heath Rodney T Combustor Control
US7905722B1 (en) * 2002-02-08 2011-03-15 Heath Rodney T Control of an adjustable secondary air controller for a burner
US8864887B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2014-10-21 Rodney T. Heath High efficiency slug containing vapor recovery
US9291409B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-03-22 Rodney T. Heath Compressor inter-stage temperature control
US9527786B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-12-27 Rodney T. Heath Compressor equipped emissions free dehydrator
US9932989B1 (en) 2013-10-24 2018-04-03 Rodney T. Heath Produced liquids compressor cooler
US10052565B2 (en) 2012-05-10 2018-08-21 Rodney T. Heath Treater combination unit

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GB8421808D0 (en) * 1984-08-29 1984-10-03 Dowty Boulton Paul Ltd Fluid valve

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US2343727A (en) * 1941-04-26 1944-03-07 Linde Air Prod Co Vaporizing device
US2804851A (en) * 1954-04-26 1957-09-03 Republic Flow Meters Co Control system for a supercritical pressure boiler
US2993479A (en) * 1958-05-14 1961-07-25 Gibbons Heaters Ltd Fluid heaters
US3171389A (en) * 1963-09-05 1965-03-02 Petro Chem Dev Co Inc Furnace construction for low temperature operation
US3246634A (en) * 1964-08-17 1966-04-19 Norbert J Stevens Direct fired heater for heating liquefied gases

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US2343727A (en) * 1941-04-26 1944-03-07 Linde Air Prod Co Vaporizing device
US2804851A (en) * 1954-04-26 1957-09-03 Republic Flow Meters Co Control system for a supercritical pressure boiler
US2993479A (en) * 1958-05-14 1961-07-25 Gibbons Heaters Ltd Fluid heaters
US3171389A (en) * 1963-09-05 1965-03-02 Petro Chem Dev Co Inc Furnace construction for low temperature operation
US3246634A (en) * 1964-08-17 1966-04-19 Norbert J Stevens Direct fired heater for heating liquefied gases

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7905722B1 (en) * 2002-02-08 2011-03-15 Heath Rodney T Control of an adjustable secondary air controller for a burner
US20070186770A1 (en) * 2004-09-22 2007-08-16 Heath Rodney T Natural Gas Vapor Recovery Process System
US9353315B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2016-05-31 Rodney T. Heath Vapor process system
US20060144080A1 (en) * 2004-09-22 2006-07-06 Heath Rodney T Vapor process system
US8840703B1 (en) 2008-03-06 2014-09-23 Rodney T. Heath Liquid hydrocarbon slug containing vapor recovery system
US8529215B2 (en) 2008-03-06 2013-09-10 Rodney T. Heath Liquid hydrocarbon slug containing vapor recovery system
US20100040989A1 (en) * 2008-03-06 2010-02-18 Heath Rodney T Combustor Control
US8900343B1 (en) 2008-03-06 2014-12-02 Rodney T. Heath Liquid hydrocarbon slug containing vapor recovery system
US20090223246A1 (en) * 2008-03-06 2009-09-10 Heath Rodney T Liquid Hydrocarbon Slug Containing Vapor Recovery System
US8864887B2 (en) 2010-09-30 2014-10-21 Rodney T. Heath High efficiency slug containing vapor recovery
US10052565B2 (en) 2012-05-10 2018-08-21 Rodney T. Heath Treater combination unit
US9291409B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-03-22 Rodney T. Heath Compressor inter-stage temperature control
US9527786B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-12-27 Rodney T. Heath Compressor equipped emissions free dehydrator
US9932989B1 (en) 2013-10-24 2018-04-03 Rodney T. Heath Produced liquids compressor cooler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT284071B (de) 1970-08-25
NL6803478A (en, 2012) 1968-09-16
FR1556646A (en, 2012) 1969-02-07
GB1175308A (en) 1969-12-23
BE711847A (en, 2012) 1968-07-15
JPS4844419B1 (en, 2012) 1973-12-25
DE1601949A1 (de) 1971-12-23

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