US3397732A - Method for spray forming of tubular bodies - Google Patents

Method for spray forming of tubular bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
US3397732A
US3397732A US518493A US51849366A US3397732A US 3397732 A US3397732 A US 3397732A US 518493 A US518493 A US 518493A US 51849366 A US51849366 A US 51849366A US 3397732 A US3397732 A US 3397732A
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mandrel
metal
sprayed
tubular bodies
spraying
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US518493A
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Jr Cleves H Howell
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US Department of Army
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Army Usa
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/14—Making tubes from double flat material

Definitions

  • tubular or cylindrical bodies have been formed by various forging, rolling, stamping, machining, welding, riveting, folding and other methods.
  • a tubular body such as a rocket motor case and nozzle, can be formed as a continuous body by spraying molten metal on a form.
  • tubular bodies such as rocket motor cases and nozzles can be sprayed from molten metal.
  • Another object of this invention is to work the metal after being sprayed onto a mandrel to produce tubular bodies of varying degrees of strength, malleability, hardness and thickness even though the same parent metallic material is used.
  • a further object of this invention is to work the sprayed metal with shear spinning wheels by moving the shear spinning wheels down the mandrel and over the sprayed metallic material.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide a method of making generally tubular bodies from several difierent metallic materials by applying layers of different materials.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide a method by which very thin walled and seamless bodies can be produced.
  • the forming of the generally tubular bodies is carried out by providing a turning lathe type mechanism with a removable or collapsible type mandrel mounted for rotation by the turning lathe.
  • a metal spraying device is mounted for movement longitudinally along an axis parallel to the removable mandrel to spray molten metal on the mandrel as the spraying device is moved alongside the mandrel.
  • Shear spinning wheels are mounted on the metal spraying device or adjacent structure to work and form the molten metal after it has been sprayed onto the mandrel.
  • the single figure of the drawing illustrates a perspective view of structure that is used in carrying out this invention.
  • a turning lathe type mechanism 1 includes a housing portion 3 with suitable motor and drive gear means therein for driving shafts 5 and 7.
  • a beam guide and support 9 is integrally connected with housing 3 to provide support for work mounted thereon.
  • a slide 11 is adjustably mounted on beam 9, and set screw 13 secures slide 11 in position on beam 9.
  • a conventional 3,397,732 Patented Aug. 20, 1968 See collapsible or removable mandrel 15 is connected at one end in a conventional manner to shaft 5 to be rotated thereby. The other end of the mandrel is supported by shaft 17 that is adjustably mounted in a conventional manner on slide 11.
  • a material feed housing 19 is threadably mounted on lead or power screw 21 that is connected at one end to shaft 7 and is rotatably mounted at the other end relative to portion 23 of beam 9.
  • Projecting portion 25 of housing 19 has guide means 27 that rides in slot 29 of beam 9 and guides spray housing 19 in longitudinal movement.
  • Arm 31 on an opposite side of housing 19 provides support for shaft 33 about which bobbin 35 is rotatably mounted.
  • Wire 37 made of ferrous or nonferrous metal, is fed through opening 39 in housing 19 to conventional structure inside housing 19, including heating means such as the plasma are type for melting the metal wire and conventional spray means for spraying the molten metal through nozzle 41 onto mandrel 15.
  • a metal working apparatus 43 is mounted on housing 19 and includes rotatably mounted shear spinning wheels 45 and pneumatically, mechanically or hydraulically operated means in apparatus 43 for adjusting shear spinning wheels 45 relative to mandrel 15 to work sprayed metal or metals of different thicknesses on mandrel 15.
  • Shear spinning wheels 45 may be used for hot or cold working of the sprayed metal. If the shear spinning wheels hot work the metal, heat can be applied to the metal in front of the spinning wheels, or by direct heating means in the spinning wheels.
  • switch 47 is actuated to cause shaft 5 to rotate and in turn rotate mandrel 15.
  • switch 49 is actuated to cause lead screw 21 to rotate and move housing 19 longitudinally of mandrel 15.
  • shear spinning wheels 45 work the metal as the mandrel continues to rotate, and in this manner, tubing of varying degrees of strength, malleability, hardness, and thickness can be produced from the same parent material.
  • the removable or collapsible mandrel 15 is removed from the tube that is formed by spraying the molten metal.
  • a method for forming a generally tubular body including: providing a support surface that has the shape of the device to be formed, rotating said support surface about an axis and at a given speed, spraying molten metal on said support surface as the spray for the molten metal is moved longitudinally in relation to the support surface, and removing said support surface from the generally tubular body formed by spraying said molten metal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Description

s- 968 c. H. HOWELL, JR 3,397,732
METHOD FOR SPRAY FORMING OP TUBULAR BODIES Filed Jan. 5, 1966 Cleves H. Howell Jr.,
United States Patent 3,397,732 METHOD FOR SPRAY FORMING 0F TUBULAR BODIES Cleves H. Howell, Jr., Huntsville, Ala., assignor to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army Filed Jan. 3, 1966, Ser. No. 518,493 4 Claims. (Cl. 164-46) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for forming tubular bodies by spraying molten metal on a collapsible mandrel as the spray for the molten metal is moved relative to the mandrel, working the metal after it has been sprayed on the mandrel and removing the mandrel from the finished tubular body.
The invention described herein may be used by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalty thereon.
In the past, generally tubular or cylindrical bodies have been formed by various forging, rolling, stamping, machining, welding, riveting, folding and other methods. However, there is a need for a method by which a tubular body, such as a rocket motor case and nozzle, can be formed as a continuous body by spraying molten metal on a form.
Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide a method by which tubular bodies such as rocket motor cases and nozzles can be sprayed from molten metal.
Another object of this invention is to work the metal after being sprayed onto a mandrel to produce tubular bodies of varying degrees of strength, malleability, hardness and thickness even though the same parent metallic material is used.
A further object of this invention is to work the sprayed metal with shear spinning wheels by moving the shear spinning wheels down the mandrel and over the sprayed metallic material.
Still another object of this invention is to provide a method of making generally tubular bodies from several difierent metallic materials by applying layers of different materials.
A still further object of this invention is to provide a method by which very thin walled and seamless bodies can be produced.
In accordance with this invention, the forming of the generally tubular bodies is carried out by providing a turning lathe type mechanism with a removable or collapsible type mandrel mounted for rotation by the turning lathe. A metal spraying device is mounted for movement longitudinally along an axis parallel to the removable mandrel to spray molten metal on the mandrel as the spraying device is moved alongside the mandrel. Shear spinning wheels are mounted on the metal spraying device or adjacent structure to work and form the molten metal after it has been sprayed onto the mandrel. When the tubular body has been formed by spraying and working, the tubular body is separated from the removable or collapsible mandrel.
In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification:
The single figure of the drawing illustrates a perspective view of structure that is used in carrying out this invention.
Referring to the drawing, a turning lathe type mechanism 1 includes a housing portion 3 with suitable motor and drive gear means therein for driving shafts 5 and 7. A beam guide and support 9 is integrally connected with housing 3 to provide support for work mounted thereon. A slide 11 is adjustably mounted on beam 9, and set screw 13 secures slide 11 in position on beam 9. A conventional 3,397,732 Patented Aug. 20, 1968 See collapsible or removable mandrel 15 is connected at one end in a conventional manner to shaft 5 to be rotated thereby. The other end of the mandrel is supported by shaft 17 that is adjustably mounted in a conventional manner on slide 11. A
A material feed housing 19 is threadably mounted on lead or power screw 21 that is connected at one end to shaft 7 and is rotatably mounted at the other end relative to portion 23 of beam 9. Projecting portion 25 of housing 19 has guide means 27 that rides in slot 29 of beam 9 and guides spray housing 19 in longitudinal movement. Arm 31 on an opposite side of housing 19 provides support for shaft 33 about which bobbin 35 is rotatably mounted. Wire 37, made of ferrous or nonferrous metal, is fed through opening 39 in housing 19 to conventional structure inside housing 19, including heating means such as the plasma are type for melting the metal wire and conventional spray means for spraying the molten metal through nozzle 41 onto mandrel 15.
A metal working apparatus 43 is mounted on housing 19 and includes rotatably mounted shear spinning wheels 45 and pneumatically, mechanically or hydraulically operated means in apparatus 43 for adjusting shear spinning wheels 45 relative to mandrel 15 to work sprayed metal or metals of different thicknesses on mandrel 15. Shear spinning wheels 45 may be used for hot or cold working of the sprayed metal. If the shear spinning wheels hot work the metal, heat can be applied to the metal in front of the spinning wheels, or by direct heating means in the spinning wheels.
In operation, with mandrel 15 mounted for rotation, switch 47 is actuated to cause shaft 5 to rotate and in turn rotate mandrel 15. Next, the metal working and spraying apparatuses are made ready, and switch 49 is actuated to cause lead screw 21 to rotate and move housing 19 longitudinally of mandrel 15. After the molten metal is sprayed through nozzle 41 onto mandrel 15 to a given thickness, shear spinning wheels 45 work the metal as the mandrel continues to rotate, and in this manner, tubing of varying degrees of strength, malleability, hardness, and thickness can be produced from the same parent material. After the tube is formed, the removable or collapsible mandrel 15 is removed from the tube that is formed by spraying the molten metal.
It is also possible through this method to use more than one kind or type of metallic material. For example, a material may first be used having extremely good high temperature resistance characteristics yet be lac-king in yield strength. Using this method, it is possible to add a layer of high yield material directly to and bonded with the original material. This method of spraying followed by shear extrusion or hot or cold working may be repeated for any required number of cycles to achieve the desired dimensions or other necessary characteristics.
It is to be understood that the form of my invention, herewith shown and described, is to be taken as a preferred example only, and that various changes may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.
I claim:
1. A method for forming a generally tubular body including: providing a support surface that has the shape of the device to be formed, rotating said support surface about an axis and at a given speed, spraying molten metal on said support surface as the spray for the molten metal is moved longitudinally in relation to the support surface, and removing said support surface from the generally tubular body formed by spraying said molten metal.
2. A method for forming a generally tubular body as set forth in claim 1, wherein said sprayed metal is worked with spinning wheels after said sprayed metal has been deposited on said support surface.
3. A method for forming a generally tubular body as set References Cited forth in claim 1, wherein different metallic materials are UNITED STATES PATENTS sprayed in layers on said support surface to form said generany tubular body. 2,295,702 9/1942 Wis sler 111 -94 x 4. A method for forming a generally tubular body as set 5 2,763,576 9/1956 Behtz et a1 117 105 forth in claim 1, wherein different metallic materials are 3,098,285 7/1963 Kelzenberg et a1 72 82 X sprayed in layers on said support surface to form said generally tubular body, and wherein said sprayed metals are SPENCER OVERHOLSER Pnmary Exammer' worked with wheel means after said sprayed metals have E. MAR, Assistant Examiner. each been deposited on said support surface. 10
US518493A 1966-01-03 1966-01-03 Method for spray forming of tubular bodies Expired - Lifetime US3397732A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3670400A (en) * 1969-05-09 1972-06-20 Nat Res Dev Process and apparatus for fabricating a hot worked metal layer from atomized metal particles
US3826301A (en) * 1971-10-26 1974-07-30 R Brooks Method and apparatus for manufacturing precision articles from molten articles
US3909921A (en) * 1971-10-26 1975-10-07 Osprey Metals Ltd Method and apparatus for making shaped articles from sprayed molten metal or metal alloy
US4077357A (en) * 1975-02-12 1978-03-07 Dso "Cherna Metalurgia" Apparatus for the application of a protective coating to a graphite electrode
US4099481A (en) * 1976-09-30 1978-07-11 Eutectic Corporation Apparatus for applying metal coatings to a metal substrate
US4102663A (en) * 1976-07-09 1978-07-25 Lothar Jung Method for manufacturing hollow and solid ingots
US4178165A (en) * 1976-07-09 1979-12-11 Lothar Jung Apparatus for manufacturing hollow and solid ingots
US4397893A (en) * 1981-09-08 1983-08-09 Bottoms Clifford C System for flame spray coating of a rod
US4485630A (en) * 1982-12-08 1984-12-04 General Electric Company Combustor liner
US4523365A (en) * 1981-08-05 1985-06-18 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Method of manufacturing bearing blocks
US4574451A (en) * 1982-12-22 1986-03-11 General Electric Company Method for producing an article with a fluid passage
US5972418A (en) * 1996-12-18 1999-10-26 Leico Gmbh & Co. Werkzeugmaschinenbau Method and apparatus for the manufacture of a workpiece having a rotation-symmetrically hardened surface area
WO2000020146A1 (en) * 1998-10-08 2000-04-13 Promet Technologies, Inc. Nickel-titanium seamless tubes
US20090038601A1 (en) * 2007-08-06 2009-02-12 Anderson Kenneth K Method for making a barrel front for a paintball marker

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2295702A (en) * 1939-09-01 1942-09-15 Haynes Stellite Co Method of and apparatus for applying metal coatings
US2763576A (en) * 1949-05-23 1956-09-18 Ohio Commw Eng Co Method for gas plating
US3098285A (en) * 1960-05-02 1963-07-23 Kelzenberg Matthias Method for intimately sheathing foundation bodies with sheet metal jackets

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2295702A (en) * 1939-09-01 1942-09-15 Haynes Stellite Co Method of and apparatus for applying metal coatings
US2763576A (en) * 1949-05-23 1956-09-18 Ohio Commw Eng Co Method for gas plating
US3098285A (en) * 1960-05-02 1963-07-23 Kelzenberg Matthias Method for intimately sheathing foundation bodies with sheet metal jackets

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3670400A (en) * 1969-05-09 1972-06-20 Nat Res Dev Process and apparatus for fabricating a hot worked metal layer from atomized metal particles
US3826301A (en) * 1971-10-26 1974-07-30 R Brooks Method and apparatus for manufacturing precision articles from molten articles
US3909921A (en) * 1971-10-26 1975-10-07 Osprey Metals Ltd Method and apparatus for making shaped articles from sprayed molten metal or metal alloy
USRE31767E (en) * 1971-10-26 1984-12-18 Osprey Metals Limited Method and apparatus for making shaped articles from sprayed molten metal or metal alloy
US4077357A (en) * 1975-02-12 1978-03-07 Dso "Cherna Metalurgia" Apparatus for the application of a protective coating to a graphite electrode
US4102663A (en) * 1976-07-09 1978-07-25 Lothar Jung Method for manufacturing hollow and solid ingots
US4178165A (en) * 1976-07-09 1979-12-11 Lothar Jung Apparatus for manufacturing hollow and solid ingots
US4099481A (en) * 1976-09-30 1978-07-11 Eutectic Corporation Apparatus for applying metal coatings to a metal substrate
US4523365A (en) * 1981-08-05 1985-06-18 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Method of manufacturing bearing blocks
US4397893A (en) * 1981-09-08 1983-08-09 Bottoms Clifford C System for flame spray coating of a rod
US4485630A (en) * 1982-12-08 1984-12-04 General Electric Company Combustor liner
US4574451A (en) * 1982-12-22 1986-03-11 General Electric Company Method for producing an article with a fluid passage
US5972418A (en) * 1996-12-18 1999-10-26 Leico Gmbh & Co. Werkzeugmaschinenbau Method and apparatus for the manufacture of a workpiece having a rotation-symmetrically hardened surface area
WO2000020146A1 (en) * 1998-10-08 2000-04-13 Promet Technologies, Inc. Nickel-titanium seamless tubes
US20090038601A1 (en) * 2007-08-06 2009-02-12 Anderson Kenneth K Method for making a barrel front for a paintball marker
US7882883B2 (en) * 2007-08-06 2011-02-08 Anderson Kenneth K Method for making a barrel front for a paintball marker

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