US3395744A - Reinforcing fabric for tires - Google Patents

Reinforcing fabric for tires Download PDF

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Publication number
US3395744A
US3395744A US525069A US52506966A US3395744A US 3395744 A US3395744 A US 3395744A US 525069 A US525069 A US 525069A US 52506966 A US52506966 A US 52506966A US 3395744 A US3395744 A US 3395744A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
weft
tire
tires
weft threads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US525069A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Wolf Burton Myer
Reber Jerry Karl
Purcell Robert Charles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bridgestone Firestone Inc
Original Assignee
Firestone Tire and Rubber Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to NL130716D priority Critical patent/NL130716C/xx
Application filed by Firestone Tire and Rubber Co filed Critical Firestone Tire and Rubber Co
Priority to US525069A priority patent/US3395744A/en
Priority to DE19671605681 priority patent/DE1605681A1/de
Priority to AT27067A priority patent/AT283935B/de
Priority to NO166366A priority patent/NO120918B/no
Priority to SE741/67A priority patent/SE317002B/xx
Priority to NL6701440A priority patent/NL6701440A/xx
Priority to ES336241A priority patent/ES336241A1/es
Priority to GB4526/67A priority patent/GB1133694A/en
Priority to FR93350A priority patent/FR1509811A/fr
Priority to DK57767AA priority patent/DK140882B/da
Priority to BE693534D priority patent/BE693534A/xx
Priority to LU52938A priority patent/LU52938A1/xx
Priority to NL6701703A priority patent/NL6701703A/xx
Priority to CH169067A priority patent/CH469577A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3395744A publication Critical patent/US3395744A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/0042—Reinforcements made of synthetic materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
    • Y10S57/902—Reinforcing or tire cords
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
    • Y10T152/10855—Characterized by the carcass, carcass material, or physical arrangement of the carcass materials
    • Y10T152/10873—Characterized by the carcass, carcass material, or physical arrangement of the carcass materials with two or more differing cord materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/322—Warp differs from weft
    • Y10T442/3228—Materials differ
    • Y10T442/326—Including synthetic polymeric strand material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/322—Warp differs from weft
    • Y10T442/3228—Materials differ
    • Y10T442/326—Including synthetic polymeric strand material
    • Y10T442/3285—Including polyester strand material

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a novel reinforcing fabric construction which contains warp cords and weft threads with the warp cords comprised of standard cord material, such as rayon, nylon and polyesters, and with the weft threads comprised of unoriented linear crystalline resinous material, such as nylon, having an elongation greater than 50% and which is particularly well suited for use as a reinforcing fabric in vulcanizable articles, specifically in pneumatic tires.
  • This invention relates to woven fabric containing warp cords and weft threads, and specifically to the type of fabric used in the manufacture of tires.
  • the weft threads may also be referred to as pick or filling threads, but for convenience we will use the term weft thread throughout.
  • the sole function of the weft threads is to hold the Warp cords in their proper places, keeping the warp cords uniformly spaced and from touching one another.
  • the weft threads in order to retain the relative strength of the fabric in a direction longitudinally along the warp axis, the weft threads must, of necessity, be relatively small, frail threads as compared to the warp cords.
  • the weft threads must be strong enough to hold the warp cords in place and yet not so strong as to cause the fabric to lose its directional strength or to cause sawing of the warp by the weft.
  • This type of weak weft fabric described above is the major type of fabric used in the manufacture of tires.
  • Two of the major problems encountered in the use of this weak weft fabric in the manufacture of tires are: (1) the loss in the processing (calendering, dipping, etc.) of the edges of the fabric due to the breakage of the weft threads caused by the crimping -or folding over of the fabric edges; and (2) the breakages of the weft threads resulting from the lateral expansion of the fabric during the tire shaping process prior to the molding and curing of the tire.
  • the failure in both cases is the breakage of the weft threads, resulting in the loss of control It over the warp cords and consequent non-uniform distribution of the warp cords.
  • the sections of the fabric which contain broken weft threads must be segregated and scrapped as they are unacceptable for use. In the latter case, the entire tire must be scrapped due to the non-uniform distribution of the warp cords.
  • the fabric When the weft cords break, instead of the tire fabric expanding uniformly with an even distribution of the warp cord end count, the fabric merely splits at the break, resulting in gaps in the fabric at these breaks and unwanted high concentrations of warp cords in the unbroken weft areas, because the weft still restrains the warp cords in these areas,
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a portion of a sheet of fabric embodying the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a calendered sheet of fabric used for the manufacture of tires embodying the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a tire embodying the present invention.
  • a tire-reinforcing fabric 10 contains warp cords 11 and weft threads 12.
  • the warp cords 11, shown in cross-section, are held in spaced, parallel relation by weft thread 12.
  • Both the warp cords and weft threads, as well as the fabric comprising them, are encased in and coated by a rubber skim coat 13, which is applied to the fabric by any known process, as by calendering; as by spreading a plastic rubber composition onto the fabric followed by consolidation of the coating into and onto the fabric by heating and/ or pressing; or as by dipping the fabric in a suitable fluid rubber composition followed by consolidation of the resulting coating into and onto the fabric.
  • a tire 14 is comprised of two annular wire beads 15, sidewalls 16, a tread 17 and fabric body plies 18.
  • the tire may, optionally, contain tread plies 19.
  • the fabric of this invention is employed in body plies 18, and also, optionally, may be used in tread plies 19.
  • the disclosure of four body plies and two tread plies is not intended in any way to limit the scope of the invention, as it is common in the art to use various numbers of plies, both body and tread, depending on the size and intended use of the tire.
  • a tire of the invention may omit one or both side-walls, or it may be a peg-leg tire with only one sidewall.
  • weft threads have been very frail cotton or rayon threads.
  • the usual cotton weft threads are 30s in the cotton numbering system, and have an elongation at break of approximately 12 percent, and a normal tensile of 285 grams, both under standard laboratory conditions.
  • the weft thread of rayon is usually of denier of continuous filament and has an elongation of approximately 15 percent at break and a normal tensile of 200 grams, both under standard laboratory conditions.
  • the inventors have found the elongation, not the tensile strength, to be the critical property required to obviate weft thread breakage.
  • the objects of this invention are accomplished by use of a weft thread capable of a uniform elongation to at least 50 percent (the estimated lateral expansion in a radial tire) of its original length without breakage, and preferably of elongation to about 300 percent.
  • a weft thread of this nature the invention results in decreasing the amount of defective fabric edges during processing, because the new weft thread does not break when the fabric edges are folded over, but merely elongates or gives, thereby permitting the edges to be unfolded without breakages of the weft thread.
  • the new weft thread does not break during the high lateral expansion demanded in tire manufacture, but due to its high elongation the thread merely elongates uniformly, thereby obviating any loss due to weft thread breakage during tire expansion.
  • This latter advantage of the invention has allowed the manufacture of large section radial tires free from the previous persistent defect of uneven warp cord end count.
  • the materials useful as weft threads in this invention are filaments or threads comprising unoriented or partially unoriented linear crystalline resins possessing a high degree of elongation (greater than 50 percent).
  • a form of nylon, commonly referred to by the art as unoriented (undrawn) nylon has been found to be particularly successful in this invention.
  • the nylon is of the type described in US. Patents Nos. 2,071,250, 2,071,253, 2,130,523 and 2,241,321.
  • the material is usually used as 100 denier yarn or threads and typically has an elongation at break of 500 percent and a normal tensile of 180 grams (as compared to the 200 gram normal tensile of the prior art).
  • the critical property is the elongation.
  • An acceptable weft material may have tensile strengths varying over a wide range as long as it is adequate to control the warp cords and possesses the necessary minimum elongation.
  • the weft threads of the invention can consist essentially of other linear crystalline resins possessing the proper elongation property required in this invention when in an unoriented state.
  • suitable resins are, without intending to limit:
  • the weft threads of the invention are suitably formed of any one or more of the resins disclosed above as appropriate for use in the invention.
  • the weft threads may be made of one of the above-identified materials or a blend of one of the aboveddentified materials with another of the above-identified materials.
  • the weft threads can be a single filament. or it can be formed of multiple filaments or yarns. Other thread sizes than the 100 denier threads disclosed above are useful in the invention, for example, threads in the range of about 50 to 200 denier.
  • warp cords employed in this invention may be any of the known high-strength tire cords of synthetic fibers such as rayon, nylon, linear polyesters, blends of nylon and polyesters, polyurethanes, etc.
  • a tire comprising a tread, two annular beads, and a body portion, the body portion comprising a reinforcing fabric resistant to breakage of weft threads, said fabric comprising warp cords and Weft threads, said weft threads having an elongation of at least 50% and comprising at least partially unoriented, crystalline linear resinous material.
  • the at least partially unoriented, crystalline linear resinous material is selected from the group consisting of a nylon, a polyester, a blend of a nylon and a polyester, a polypropylene, a polyethylene, a polyvinylidine chloride, and a polyurethane.
  • a vulcanizable rubber article having a vulcanizable rubber coated reinforcing fabric resistant to breakage of weft threads, said fabric comprising warp cords and weft the .at least partially unoriented, crystalline linear 50% and comprising at least partially unoriented, crystalline linear resinous material.
  • the vulcanizable rubber article of claim 4, wherein the at least partially unoriented, crystalline linear resinous material is selected from the group consisting of a nylon, a polyester, a blend of a nylon and a polyester, a polypropylene, a polyethylene, a polyvinylidine chloride, and a polyurethane.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US525069A 1966-01-29 1966-02-04 Reinforcing fabric for tires Expired - Lifetime US3395744A (en)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL130716D NL130716C (de) 1966-01-29
US525069A US3395744A (en) 1966-02-04 1966-02-04 Reinforcing fabric for tires
DE19671605681 DE1605681A1 (de) 1966-02-04 1967-01-05 Kordgewebe fuer einen Luftreifen od. dgl.
AT27067A AT283935B (de) 1966-02-04 1967-01-11 Kordgewebe für einen Luftreifen od.dgl.
NO166366A NO120918B (de) 1966-02-04 1967-01-12
SE741/67A SE317002B (de) 1966-02-04 1967-01-18
ES336241A ES336241A1 (es) 1966-02-04 1967-01-30 Perfeccionamientos en la construccion de neumaticos.
GB4526/67A GB1133694A (en) 1966-02-04 1967-01-30 Tyre reinforcing fabric and tyres incorporating it
NL6701440A NL6701440A (de) 1966-01-29 1967-01-30
FR93350A FR1509811A (fr) 1966-02-04 1967-02-01 Tissus contenant des câblés de chaîne et des fils de trame, notamment pour la fabrication de pneumatiques
DK57767AA DK140882B (da) 1966-02-04 1967-02-02 Vævet forstærkningsindlæg til dæk.
BE693534D BE693534A (de) 1966-02-04 1967-02-02
LU52938A LU52938A1 (de) 1966-02-04 1967-02-03
NL6701703A NL6701703A (de) 1966-02-04 1967-02-03
CH169067A CH469577A (de) 1966-02-04 1967-02-06 Reifenverstärkungsgewebe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US525069A US3395744A (en) 1966-02-04 1966-02-04 Reinforcing fabric for tires

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3395744A true US3395744A (en) 1968-08-06

Family

ID=24091784

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US525069A Expired - Lifetime US3395744A (en) 1966-01-29 1966-02-04 Reinforcing fabric for tires

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3395744A (de)
AT (1) AT283935B (de)
BE (1) BE693534A (de)
CH (1) CH469577A (de)
DE (1) DE1605681A1 (de)
DK (1) DK140882B (de)
ES (1) ES336241A1 (de)
FR (1) FR1509811A (de)
GB (1) GB1133694A (de)
LU (1) LU52938A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6701703A (de)
NO (1) NO120918B (de)
SE (1) SE317002B (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3638706A (en) * 1968-11-05 1972-02-01 Ici Ltd Macrofilamentary tire yarns
US3677318A (en) * 1968-07-31 1972-07-18 Eduard Glass Radial tires
US3864184A (en) * 1971-11-04 1975-02-04 Northrop Corp Technique for forming laminated filamentary composites utilizing prestressing
US3889457A (en) * 1968-10-11 1975-06-17 Ici Ltd Macrofilamentary yarns
US4024895A (en) * 1976-03-24 1977-05-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Product reinforcing fabric and two-component weft yarn useful therein
DE2748747A1 (de) * 1976-11-05 1978-05-11 Teijin Ltd Reifenkordgewebe
US4107369A (en) * 1976-09-22 1978-08-15 Avon Rubber Company Limited Fabric having an elastomer coat on face and method of producing same
US4112163A (en) * 1975-07-22 1978-09-05 Manfred Brokmann Net for forming an elastic support in furniture
US4343343A (en) * 1981-01-29 1982-08-10 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Elongatable reinforcement cord for an elastomeric article
EP0081991A2 (de) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-22 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Gebauschtes dehnbares Schussgarn
EP0091879A2 (de) * 1982-04-12 1983-10-19 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Metallisches Gewebe und damit verstärkte Reifen
US4579769A (en) * 1983-06-03 1986-04-01 Olbo Textilwerke Gmbh Tire cord fabric
US5244717A (en) * 1992-06-29 1993-09-14 Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. Tire fabric with polyester/high wet modulus rayon filling
US10315464B2 (en) * 2013-07-30 2019-06-11 Kordsa Global Endustrivel Iplik Ve Kord Bezi Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Cap ply reinforcement strip in pneumatic tire

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB610171A (en) * 1946-03-29 1948-10-12 Bertram Pusey Ridge Improvements in woven fabrics
US2475588A (en) * 1946-02-28 1949-07-12 Howard R Bierman Deceleration harness comprising undrawn synthetic fibers or the like
US3207654A (en) * 1962-03-16 1965-09-21 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Reinforced plastic covering materials
US3305911A (en) * 1962-08-30 1967-02-28 Ici Ltd Fabrics

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2475588A (en) * 1946-02-28 1949-07-12 Howard R Bierman Deceleration harness comprising undrawn synthetic fibers or the like
GB610171A (en) * 1946-03-29 1948-10-12 Bertram Pusey Ridge Improvements in woven fabrics
US3207654A (en) * 1962-03-16 1965-09-21 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Reinforced plastic covering materials
US3305911A (en) * 1962-08-30 1967-02-28 Ici Ltd Fabrics

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3677318A (en) * 1968-07-31 1972-07-18 Eduard Glass Radial tires
US3889457A (en) * 1968-10-11 1975-06-17 Ici Ltd Macrofilamentary yarns
US3638706A (en) * 1968-11-05 1972-02-01 Ici Ltd Macrofilamentary tire yarns
US3864184A (en) * 1971-11-04 1975-02-04 Northrop Corp Technique for forming laminated filamentary composites utilizing prestressing
US4112163A (en) * 1975-07-22 1978-09-05 Manfred Brokmann Net for forming an elastic support in furniture
US4024895A (en) * 1976-03-24 1977-05-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Product reinforcing fabric and two-component weft yarn useful therein
US4107369A (en) * 1976-09-22 1978-08-15 Avon Rubber Company Limited Fabric having an elastomer coat on face and method of producing same
US4196763A (en) * 1976-11-05 1980-04-08 Teijin Limited Tire cord fabric and tire construction
DE2748747A1 (de) * 1976-11-05 1978-05-11 Teijin Ltd Reifenkordgewebe
US4343343A (en) * 1981-01-29 1982-08-10 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Elongatable reinforcement cord for an elastomeric article
EP0081991A2 (de) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-22 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Gebauschtes dehnbares Schussgarn
US4416935A (en) * 1981-12-11 1983-11-22 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. Bulked extensible weft yarn suitable for use as tire cords
EP0081991A3 (de) * 1981-12-11 1986-03-05 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Gebauschtes dehnbares Schussgarn
EP0091879A2 (de) * 1982-04-12 1983-10-19 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Metallisches Gewebe und damit verstärkte Reifen
EP0091879A3 (en) * 1982-04-12 1984-07-04 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Woven wire fabric and tire made thereof
US4579769A (en) * 1983-06-03 1986-04-01 Olbo Textilwerke Gmbh Tire cord fabric
US5244717A (en) * 1992-06-29 1993-09-14 Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc. Tire fabric with polyester/high wet modulus rayon filling
US10315464B2 (en) * 2013-07-30 2019-06-11 Kordsa Global Endustrivel Iplik Ve Kord Bezi Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Cap ply reinforcement strip in pneumatic tire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE693534A (de) 1967-07-17
FR1509811A (fr) 1968-01-12
GB1133694A (en) 1968-11-13
SE317002B (de) 1969-11-03
LU52938A1 (de) 1968-10-09
CH469577A (de) 1969-03-15
NL6701703A (de) 1967-08-07
DE1605681A1 (de) 1970-09-24
AT283935B (de) 1970-08-25
DK140882B (da) 1979-12-03
DK140882C (de) 1980-05-12
NO120918B (de) 1970-12-21
ES336241A1 (es) 1968-04-01

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