US339446A - maetin - Google Patents

Description

5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. MARTIN. VELOUIPEDE.

(No Model.)

Patented Apr. 6, 1886.

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II I II WITNESSES 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

S. MARTIN. VELOGIPEDE.

Patented Apr. 6, 1886.

WITN ESSES wwz ognpher. wmm m. n c.

5 Sheets-Sheet 3. S. MARTIN. VELOGIPEDE.

(No Model.)

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INVENTOR WITNESSES M4? gww Jam f Mp (No Model.) 5 SheetsS11eet 4.

S, MARTIN.

VELOGIPEDE. No. 339,446. Patented Apr. 6, 1886.

WITNESSES llnirnn drn'rns Fn'rnnr @rrinn.

STEPHEN MARTIN, OF BIBGHFIELD ROAD, LOZELLS, NEAR BIRMINGHAM, COUNTY OF VAR- ICK, ENGLAND.

VELOCIPEDE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 339,446, dated April 6, 1886.

Application tiled November 25, 1885.

Serial No. 183,934. (No model.) Patented in England December 16, 1884, No. 16,496, and

April 2, 1335, No. 4,156.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, STEPHEN llIAR/ITIN, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Birchfield Road, Lozells, near Firming ham, in the county of arwick, England, manager of works, have invented an Improvement in Velocipedes, for which I have re ceived two several Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 16,496, dated December 16,1884, and No. 4,156, dated April 2,1885, and of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to bicycles, tri cycles, and other velocipcdes; and it consists, first, in a detachable crank, or in a means of affixing the crank to its axis for the purpose of removal or otherwise, should the crank become twisted or distorted in shape, which would require to be removed for straightening or resetting; secondly, in a pedal-pin arrangement whereby the throw of the crank can be lengthened or shortened to suit the requirements of the rider; thirdly, an improved safety'fork adjustment for the purpose of varying the angle or position of the pedal-axis for the purpose of altering the distance between saddle or pedal-axis to suit the statn re of the rider. By such means, as hereinafter describetha machine can be varied to suit any velocipedist that may require to ride the machine, instead of having a machine built for his special height or proportions. Fourt-hly, in constructing a yielding or compliant backbone, so that the hind wheel of the machine, to which it is applied, can pass over any irregularities on its road of traction without interfering with the comfort of the rider; fift-hly, a detachable handlebar, and, sixthly, an adjustable handle.

I will now proceed to describe'with reference to the accompanying drawings the manner in which the same is to be performed.

Figure 1 represents in front elevation a safety-bicycle provided with improvements made according to my invention. The other figures represent separate and enlarged views or the principal parts of the machine-that is Fig. 2 represents in front elevation the detachable crank with its attachment end split or divided up the shank. Fig. 3 is the same, with the split end in section, in order to exhibit the pin for drawing together the divided parts. Fig. 4 is a plan of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a like view'as Fig. 4, with its grip end part in section; Fig. 6 is a plan of the pedal-pin arrangement with the pedal attached. Fig. 7 is a plan with the pedal-pin shown in a different position, and Fig. 8 is a side elevation of Fig. 6,w hile Fig. 9 is a side elevation of Fig. 7. Fig. 10 shows in side elevation the swingingarin arrangement, which swivels or turns upon a joint-pin as a center. The said arm carries at its lower extremity the crank-axis and chainwheel. Fig. 11 is a separate view of the upper part of the swinging arm or frame to show how the connection is made between the fork termination and the swiveling end of the arm carried by it. Fig. 12 is a side elevation of Fig. 11, showing the connection of the chain-wheel with the driving-axle. Fig. 13 shows a side elevation uponan enlarged scale of the joint part of the yielding backbone of the sat'ety-bicycle, Fig. 1. Fig. 14 is a part section of the joint and its connections. Fig. 15 is an end view of the same. Fig. 16 is aback elevation of a bicycle pillar head, having a detachable handle-bar, which latter is provided with adjustable handles, (one of them only shown.) Fig. 17 is a front elevation of the pillar-head, with the handlebar and top or split part of bracket removed. Fig. 18 is an endview of the parts Fig. 17 with the split or detachable part of the bracket shown in section. In this arrangement the handlebar is permanently attached to the top halfbracket. In Fig. 19 the handle-bar and top portion of the bracket are separable. In this case the bar is prevented from rotating by a stud or projection on its under side of the bar. Fig. 20 is a section of one of the handles on the end of the bar, and Fig. 21 is an end View of the said handle and bar, the latter being in section.

The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of the drawings.

a is the detachable crank, and a a split or divided arm or shank. The split of the said divided shank extends into an angular or lozenge shaped hole or grip-holding bush, a

in which a corresponding angular end, N, on 5 the pedal-axis b takes.

is a screw-pin passing through the partially-divided shank a", and when the said pin or the nut on the pin is screwed home the V angles of the grip of the jaws formed by the [0 split are drawn forcibly upon the V angles on the end of the pedal-axis, thereby firmly and securely connecting the two parts together.

To remove the pedal-axis from the crank it is only necessary to slacken the drawing to pin or nut 0, when the angular grip is relaxed and the parts can be separated.

The pedal-pin arrangement for lengthening or shortening the throw of Sheet 3) consists of a cranked or eccentric 2o arm d. One end, 6?, carries the pedal-pin proper While the other end, (1, carriesafiat-sided lump or stud, (Z and also ascrew-pin, d, the former of which takes into the longitudinal s1ot-hole a of the crank ct. The affixing of the pedal- 2 5 pin-crank formation is effected by ascrew-nut, (2. Thus when a short throw of the crank is required the pedal-pin end of the eccentric arm of the pedal'pin is moved up thearm of the crank proper with the flat-sided lump d at the upper end of the slot a", as shown at dotted lines, Fig. 8, and when the throw is required to be made greater than the traverse of the slot in the crank the eccentric pedalpin arrangement is turned ropnd in the re- 5 verse direction with the flat-sided lump or stud d resting at the bottom of the slot (0, as shown in the dotted lines, Fig. 7 thus extending the pedal in both directions beyond the traverse of the slot in the crank. The extending upward and downward is a great advantage in obtaining a greater or less throw.

The adjustable fork (best. seen in Figs. 10, 11, and 12) consists of a swiveling or depending swing-arm, e, carrying at its lower extremity the crank-axis b, crank a, bracketf, and

chain-wheel g, and also pedal it, while the upper end of the said swiveling arm 6 is jointed upon a pin or fulcrum center, 6', and above the said swiveling center is a short arm, 6 carrying a pin or stud, 6*, which engagesin the slot 2' of the terminal end or quadrantarm i of the fork i. Thus by loosening the screw-nut e on the inside face of the fork terminationrl the swiveling arm 6 can be turned upon its 5 5 fulcrum-center e" and then adjusted and after-- ward affixed in the desired position by the lsci'ewing up of the screw-nut on the screwed end of the pin e that is, the arm 6 can be turned upon its fulcrum center into the position as represented in dotted lines, Fig. l, or into the position as represented in dotted lines, Fig. 12thus enabling a rider to lengthen or shorten the. distance between the saddle and the crank or pedal axis by simply changing the angle of the depending arm 6, the radius being limited by the quadrantslot the crank-arm (see" When a person short in stature or a person short in the leg requires to ride a machine which may possiblyhave been built fora person of larger proportions, he has only to loosen the nut on the pin carried by the short arm 0 and change the angle ofthe said arm, as in the position represented in Fig. 12, or into the position of the dotted lines, Fig. 1, when the relative position of the pedal with respect to the saddle-seat is thus changed, or,in other words, the distance between the saddle-seat and the pedals diminished; but when a person of larger proportions requires to use the same machine, he has only to reaffix the swiveling arm in position, or to the required angle, as shown by the dotted lines, Fig. 12, when the machine is made to accommodate itself to aify particular height of velocipedist.

The movable or adjustable forked extension marked 6 may be adjusted to the proper angle by a screw-pin passing through the short arm, with its end swiveling into the fork, instead of the pin passinglaterally through the short arm and taking through a quadrant-slot, as described; and although I have described that the arm swivels for adjustment, yet the said adjustment may be effected without actually swiveling, by providing on the inner face of the joint of the arm an angular-sided boss,which takes into a similarly-shaped hole or bush in the boss of the forks, and which comes immediately opposite the axis of the driving-chain wheel.

The yielding or compliant backbone (shown at Figs. 1, 13, 14, and 15,) consists of ajointed forked end or termination near the hind wheel, in the case ofa bicyclethat is, the backbone is divided or made in two parts, the joint being at or near the fork carrying the hind wheel.

j is the backbone,k is the forked termination of the backbone, and Z is the knuckle -joint by which the yielding connection is made.

an is a pillanbracket, affixed rigidly to the yielding part K. (Best seen in Figs. 13 and 14.) The terminal end of this bracket is provided with an eye, at, through which one end of a jointed rod, n, freely slides. The other end of this rod is jointed at n and connected to the backbone part j. The rod is also encircled by a coiled spring, 0, which permits or allows the jointed parts to yield on the machine coming in contact with any inequalities in its road oftraction, and also prevents or intercepts tremor or vibration traveling to the rider, when the backbone and. fork part are made rigid, as is common with machines of the ordinary constructionthat is, should any inequalities or obstacles be presented to the Wheels of the machine, thejointed or divided backbone yields or gives to such inequalities by compressing the spring without imparting any discomfort to the rider, and without jolting the machine,

brings the parts to their normal positions.

The application of a flexible or yielding as the reaction of the spring IIO backbone, as last described, to tricycles and other velocipedes di dots in no essential respect from its application to a bicycle as hereinbefore described.

In the detachable handle-bar and adjustable handle the bar-handle bracket, which is situated at the summit of the pillar-head 19, consists of a barrel-like socket made in halves q q"; or, in other words, the socket or braeketis divided longitudinally or in segments 9 q". The lower segment or half, q, is made preferably solid or in one piece with the head, and the front part of the said bracket is provided with a semicircular hollow or seat, giwherein the handle-bar "r rests and seats itsel f, while the upper hal f, q, is made separate and detachable from the lower half. This upper half is also provided with asemicircnlar hollow or recess corresponding to that of the lower half, and which is marked if. The handle-bar may be permanently attached within the upperseat or recess, or it may be separate or independent thereof, asiu Fig. 19. The upper half-bracket has an eye or circular hole,q which is threaded over and passed around the center screw-pin,

s,which fixes theneck-spindle of the backbone.

s is a lock nut which screws upon the screw-pin s when the upper halfbracket is to be secured in position, as represented in Fig. 16.

ln attaching a handle-bar to a bicyclehead it is only necessary to place the bar in the trough or seat q formed in the overhanging part of the lower bracket, and with the said bar the upper half-bracket, (f, is slipped over the screw-pin s, when by screwing home of the fly-nut s" the steering-bar is firmly aifixed to the pillar-head.

\Vhen the bar is made separate or unconnected with the upper half-bracket, as in Fig. 19, it is prevented from rotating or from being displaced within its seat by a stud, 1 on the under side bar, '2", engaging with a hole, q, in the fixed bracket.

t t are the adjustable handles, which admit of being placed at any desired angle (in a direction at right angle to the axis of the bar.) i is the socket of the said handle, partially divided, and t are lugs or extended ears,

through which a screw-pin, u, passes for the drawing together of the partially divided socket, t, for the clipping or clamping of the handle to the bar in any position or at any desired angle. Thus,when the angular position of the handle is required to be changed, the screw-pin a is loosened, which frees the grip of the partially-divided socket upon the bar, and thereby allows the said handle to turn to the required position, which is affixed and clamped rigidly to the bar by the screwing up of the screw-nut; and, further, the handle is capable of being adjusted longitudinally upon the bar, as represented in dotted lines, Fig. 16, in order to increase or diminish the distance between the handles; or the,

socket of the handle may be affixed or adjusted upon the requisite handle of the bar by a screw-pin or like expedient passing through an undivided socket and taking its purchase upon the bar, so as to rigidly affix the handle thereto.

c is a socket for simply filling up and giving finish to the terminal end of the bar.

Having thus described my invention. 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a velocipede, the combination. with the drivingaxle 6* and the fork i, having a slotted bracket at its lower end,of the pedalcarrying arm I, pivoted to the shaft 6 and provided with the short arm a and the screw 6', passing through said short arm and a slot, i said short arm being continued or extended above the driving-axle 6 substantially as described.

2. In a velocipede, the combination, with a divided backbone consisting of the sections j is, jointed together at Z, of the 'rearwardly projeciingarm m, the rod a, secured to the said arm and hinged or pivoted to the section 3', and the spiral spring 0, coiled upon said rod, substantially as described.

Signed this 3lst day of October, 1885.

STEPHEN MARTIN.

\Vitnesses:

HENRY SKERREIT, MILEs E. Huorrns,

Both of Birmingham.

SSQAMS 3

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