US3379565A - Process for applying anti-static finish to a textile material - Google Patents

Process for applying anti-static finish to a textile material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3379565A
US3379565A US381921A US38192164A US3379565A US 3379565 A US3379565 A US 3379565A US 381921 A US381921 A US 381921A US 38192164 A US38192164 A US 38192164A US 3379565 A US3379565 A US 3379565A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
finish
filaments
textile materials
water
antistatic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US381921A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jr Charis A Witcher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Monsanto Co
Original Assignee
Monsanto Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Monsanto Co filed Critical Monsanto Co
Priority to US381921A priority Critical patent/US3379565A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3379565A publication Critical patent/US3379565A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
    • D06M13/2243—Mono-, di-, or triglycerides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/53—Polyethers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE In a process for applying an anti-static finish to a textile material by dispersing the finish in water, applying the resulting dispersion to the textile material and drying the applied dispersion on the material, bacterial degradation of the finish can be inhibited by carrying out the dispersion of the finish in water between 42 and 48 C. and maintaining the temperature of the resulting dispersion in that range until the drying of the dispersion on the textile material.
  • textile materials as employed in this specification includes natural and artificial textile fibers, yarns, and fabrics comprising cotton, linen, and other natural cellulose textile materials; viscose and cuprammonium and other regenerated cellulose textile material; wool, casein, alpaca, and other natural or synthetic protein textile materials; cellulose acetate and other cellulose derivative textile materials; and nylon, vinylchloride-vinylacetate copolymers, polyvinylidene polymers, acrylonitrile polymers, and other synthetic polymer or condensation product textile materials; all of which may be in the form of unspun fibers both natural and synthetic, staple fibers, yarns or continuous filaments, and woven and knitted fabrics.
  • Electrostatic charges which may occur by the rubbing of the textile materials against each other or by their rubbing against other bodies give rise to various disadvantages which may show themselves in different ways dependent upon the nature of the fiber and the use thereof. Electrostatically charged textile materials may not only repel each other but may also attract and hold dirt, dust, etc.
  • Finishes or coatings used in the manufacture of textile materials from the synthetic, hydrophobic polymers such as polyamides, polyesters, and polyacrylonitrile derivatives comprise those listed above as well as many others varying widely in composition, but all such finishes are susceptible to bacterial degradation. Bacterial degradation of the finish may cause a myriad of problems both in the processing and the use of these textile materials.
  • bacteria cells themselves contain inorganic materials such as iron, phosphorus, and silica which may deposit on yarn guides and other yarn direction controlling means such as guiding eyelets, bars, and pins which deposition may increase the friction of these devices, thereby causing increased yarn or thread breaks in processing as well as unnecessary looping and flaring of the yarn.
  • inorganic materials such as iron, phosphorus, and silica which may deposit on yarn guides and other yarn direction controlling means such as guiding eyelets, bars, and pins which deposition may increase the friction of these devices, thereby causing increased yarn or thread breaks in processing as well as unnecessary looping and flaring of the yarn.
  • finishes for textile materials are prepared and applied as aqueous dispersions of the finish component, and they may be applied by spraying, roll coating, or any other means which is convenient and suitable. It has been discovered that the organisms which attack the finishes causing the variation in the concentration of the finish on the textile material, the slime formation in apparatus, and the degree of effectiveness of the finish are of many types of air and water-borne organisms such as Pseudomonas aruginosa, Pseudomvnas pavonacea, one species of Actinomycetales and many others. These organisms reproduce prolifically in aqueous dispersions of the finishes when the finishes are being prepared and being applied to the textile materials.
  • bactericidal and bacteriostatic compounds are available to kill or inhibit the prolific growth of the water and air-borne organisms in aqueous dispersions of the finish during preparation and application; however, these compounds rapidly lose their effectiveness because of the drug-fast characteristics of the organisms involved or through chemical reactions within the finish dispersion itself.
  • Heavy metals and heavy metal compounds such as silver, zinc, tributyl tin oxide, mercury, and others and volatile organic compounds such as alcohols, ketones, and ketone based materials, although known bactericides, are undesirable for use because of the known toxic properties of the vapors when inhaled by humans.
  • Another object is to provide a finish application process which will give textile materials a stable finish concentration.
  • a further object is to provide a process for the preparation and application of finishes to textile materials which will be free from slime formation.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide a process for the application to textile materials of finishes which retain their desired properties for extended periods.
  • nylon filaments available today are manufactured by a melt spinning process.
  • the nylon polymer is heated to the molten or plastic state, but below the decomposition temperature thereof, and the molten or plastic mass is extruded at a constant rate and under pressure through small orifices in the face of a spinneret to form molten streams of polymer.
  • the molten polymer streams are cooled and permitted to solidify into individual filaments which are then brought together and an aqueous dispersion of an antistatic finish is applied to the filaments.
  • the nylon filaments are impregnated with an aqueous dispersion or emulsion of the antistatic finish and the impregnated filaments are dried.
  • the antistatic finish is applied to the longitudinally traveling bundie of filaments by employment of a roller partly immersed in the composition or a wick material party immersed in the composition with the traveling filaments coming into contact with the wick.
  • the antistatic finish may be impregnated into the nylon filaments in any other suitable manner such as by the immersion of the filaments in a bath of an aqueous dispersion of the antistatic finish or by spraying or brushing the antistatic finish onto the filaments.
  • nylon filaments are stretched in one or more stages to a desired extent by attenuating them by means of thread advancing devices such as godets operated at a predetermined speed differential therebetween. It is quite advantageous to localize the point of drawing by the employment of a device such as snubbing pin located between the godets.
  • the nylon filaments while traveling between the snubbing pin and the godets may be heated, and after being stretched, the filaments are collected, twisted, and a plurality of ends are plied into cord.
  • the nylon cord may be wound onto bobbins or collected by any other means for further use.
  • the deterioration of the antistatic finish is manifest by offensive smoking and fuming of the finish at points of heating, the breaking of the filaments during the stretching, and the flaring of the filaments during the collecting and twisting. Bacterial deterioration of the finish is also apparent at and in the apparatus used to apply the finish. Slimes form which coat the apparatus and plug distribution piping.
  • the aqueous dispersion of the antistatic finish may be prepared in the following manner.
  • a desired antistatic finish and an emulsifying agent therefor are intimately agitated with a desired quantity of water at room temperature in a high-shear liquid blender for a sufiicient period of time to prepare emulsions exhibiting good stability.
  • the relative concentration of the antistatic finish in the aqueous dispersion thereof can be varied as necessary to obtain an impregnation of finish on the filaments is a desired amount.
  • concentration will depend, upon other things, on the kind of impregnation employed and on the form and kind of filaments treated.
  • Emulsions ranging from 0.5 to about 25 percent or higher of the antistatic finish based on the weight of the aqueous dispersion are quite suitable for impregnating nylon filaments with antistatic finish in an amount from about 0.05 to percent based on the weight of the filaments.
  • aqueous dispersions of the antistatic finish are mixed or agitated at temperatures between 37 C. and 90 C. and preferably of 42 C. to 48 C.; the aqueous dispersion or emulsion of the antistatic finish and water thus prepared is maintained at temperatures between 37 C. and 90 C. and preferably of 42 C. to 48 C. until needed; and h pr pa d emulsion is applied to or impregnated into the textile material at a temperature between 37 C. and C. and preferably at a temperature of 42 C. to 48 C.
  • Any means for heating the aqueous dispersion of the finish during its preparation, storage and application to the textile material may be used, such as steam jacketed containers, heated water containers, or electrical immersion heaters.
  • the source of energy selected and the means for applying this energy to the dispersion may be made on the basis of system economics and the availability of utilities.
  • Example I An aqueous emulsion of an antistatic finish comprising an acetylated monoglyceride, a methoxylated alcohol, and minor concentrations of a dye carrier and alcohol emulsifier were mixed with water in a Waring Blendor heated with a hot water bath to provide an aqueous emulsion temperature of 45 C. plus or minus 2 C. Sufficient antistatic finish was added to the heated water in the blender to prepare an approximately 15 percent oil and water emulsion. After mixing, the emulsion thus prepared was transferred to a hot water heated antistatic finish supply tank for roller coating addition to 8 nylon spinning positions. The finish supply tank for the roller coating of the nylon filaments was maintained at a tempera ture of 45 C. plus or minus 2 C.
  • a similar sample of antistatic finish was mixed in an identical manner at room temperature and transferred to a finish supply tank maintained at room temperature for the roller coating addition to 8 nylon spinning positions adjacent thereto. Samples of antistatic finish were taken daily from both the unheated and heated supply tanks for a 3 Weeks period, and the nylon filaments thus treated were followed through the further stretching and texturing processes.
  • Results of the daily analysis of the finish showed that the bacterial population averaged 860,000 organisms per millimeter of aqueous dispersion in the unheated supply tank and 300 organisms per millimeter of aqueous dispersion in the heated supply tank, and that the number of filament yarn breaks in the hot stretching operation and the texturizing operation were decreased markedly for the yarn impregnated with the heated finish.
  • Analysis of the finish concentration on the yarn showed the concentration of the antistatic finish was stable on yarn impregnated with hot finish having low bacterial population and very erratic for the yarn impregnated with finish from the unheated system.
  • Example II TABLE 1 Finish Unheated Heated organism/milliliter organism/milliliter TABLE 2 Process Heated finish Unheated finish Yarn beeaks in spinning Deceased Increased. Yarn breaks in texturizing o. 1" n 5 concentration on yarn Erratic.
  • Two samples of an aqueous emulsion of a lubricating and antistatic finish for textile materials comprising a mixture of mineral oil, sulfonated peanut oil, oleic acid and minor concentrations of diethylene glycol potassium hydroxide and triethanolamine were prepared by emulsifying the mixture with water in a Waring Blendor. Sufiicient of the finish mixture were added to the water in the blender to prepare an approximate 20% oil in water emulsion. Each of the two samples were stored for five hours at 47 C. 1- 2 C. and bacteria count was taken from each of the samples after mixing and then every two hours after the first hour. Table 3 below shows results of the sampling.
  • the novel process of providing heat to a finish for textile materials during the preparation, storage and application of that finish carries with it the definite advantages of reduced yarn breakage in the processing of the yarn and provides a means for maintaining a stable concentration of finish on the textile materials.
  • the antistatic finish contains a mixture selected from the group consisting of sulfonated peanut oil and fatty acid esters, or sulfonated peanut oil and mineral oil.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
US381921A 1962-12-26 1964-07-10 Process for applying anti-static finish to a textile material Expired - Lifetime US3379565A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US381921A US3379565A (en) 1962-12-26 1964-07-10 Process for applying anti-static finish to a textile material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US24730162A 1962-12-26 1962-12-26
US381921A US3379565A (en) 1962-12-26 1964-07-10 Process for applying anti-static finish to a textile material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3379565A true US3379565A (en) 1968-04-23

Family

ID=22934388

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US381921A Expired - Lifetime US3379565A (en) 1962-12-26 1964-07-10 Process for applying anti-static finish to a textile material

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3379565A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE641778A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE1444107A1 (en, 2012)
DK (1) DK114757B (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR1378566A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB1050458A (en, 2012)
LU (1) LU45084A1 (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL302574A (en, 2012)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USB292054I5 (en, 2012) * 1971-08-23 1975-01-28

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2654678A (en) * 1949-01-28 1953-10-06 American Cyanamid Co Antistatic treatment of shaped articles comprising a vinyl resin and treated articles
US2709665A (en) * 1953-01-29 1955-05-31 Joseph L Campbell Germicidal composition and method of treating fabrics therewith
US2957785A (en) * 1957-06-07 1960-10-25 Permachem Corp Aqueous metastable dispersion of tetravalent organo-tin compounds treating process
US3033704A (en) * 1959-05-19 1962-05-08 Armour & Co Rendering fabric anti-static, soft, and microorganisms resistant

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2654678A (en) * 1949-01-28 1953-10-06 American Cyanamid Co Antistatic treatment of shaped articles comprising a vinyl resin and treated articles
US2709665A (en) * 1953-01-29 1955-05-31 Joseph L Campbell Germicidal composition and method of treating fabrics therewith
US2957785A (en) * 1957-06-07 1960-10-25 Permachem Corp Aqueous metastable dispersion of tetravalent organo-tin compounds treating process
US3033704A (en) * 1959-05-19 1962-05-08 Armour & Co Rendering fabric anti-static, soft, and microorganisms resistant

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USB292054I5 (en, 2012) * 1971-08-23 1975-01-28
US3915877A (en) * 1971-08-23 1975-10-28 Sun Oil Co Pennsylvania Antibacterial laundry oil and dust control composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL302574A (en, 2012)
FR1378566A (fr) 1964-11-13
BE641778A (en, 2012) 1964-06-24
DK114757B (da) 1969-08-04
DE1444107A1 (de) 1969-01-02
GB1050458A (en, 2012)
LU45084A1 (en, 2012) 1964-06-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2663989A (en) Coated articles and textiles and emulsions for producing them
US2461043A (en) Process of conditioning cellulose ester filaments
WO1996006971A1 (en) High cohesion fiber finishes
US2717842A (en) Antistatic treatment and treated products
US2976186A (en) Treated textile fiber
US2186135A (en) Continuous process for the manufacture of cellulose derivative cut staple yarn
US2803565A (en) Processing of fibres
US3379565A (en) Process for applying anti-static finish to a textile material
US2279502A (en) Yarn conditioning process and composition therefor
US5648010A (en) Lubricant for air entanglement replacement
US3170877A (en) Antistatic treating solution for polyacrylonitrile fibers and method
JPH01298283A (ja) 繊維用処理剤
US3464922A (en) Trimethylolalkane esters and method of treating textile filaments therewith
EP0010764A2 (en) Polypropylene yarn product of improved stability and method for preparing a textile material
US3161594A (en) Textile lubricant composition
US2289760A (en) Yarn conditioning
Postman Spin finishes explained
US2438968A (en) Production of textile filaments, fibers, and yarns
US2717877A (en) Antistatic compositions
US2150569A (en) Textile materials and their preparation
US4390591A (en) Stabilized finish composition
US2182323A (en) Treatment of textile materials
US3511677A (en) Process for preparation of a sized zero-twist synthetic fiber yarn and product thereof
US2798044A (en) Antistatic composition, treatment of shaped articles therewith, and treated articles
Redston et al. Chemicals used as spin-finishes for man-made fibers