US3378706A - Vibratory motor, especially for hair clippers - Google Patents

Vibratory motor, especially for hair clippers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3378706A
US3378706A US494045A US49404565A US3378706A US 3378706 A US3378706 A US 3378706A US 494045 A US494045 A US 494045A US 49404565 A US49404565 A US 49404565A US 3378706 A US3378706 A US 3378706A
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United States
Prior art keywords
armature
motion
axis
spring
shoulder
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Expired - Lifetime
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US494045A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert D Franzene
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Deltrol Corp
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Deltrol Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Deltrol Corp filed Critical Deltrol Corp
Priority to US494045A priority Critical patent/US3378706A/en
Priority to CH171066A priority patent/CH436452A/de
Priority to DE19661513758 priority patent/DE1513758B1/de
Priority to NL6602893A priority patent/NL6602893A/xx
Priority to BE680748D priority patent/BE680748A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3378706A publication Critical patent/US3378706A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
    • B26B19/28—Drive layout for hair clippers or dry shavers, e.g. providing for electromotive drive
    • B26B19/282—Motors without a rotating central drive shaft, e.g. linear motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/02—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moved one way by energisation of a single coil system and returned by mechanical force, e.g. by springs
    • H02K33/04—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moved one way by energisation of a single coil system and returned by mechanical force, e.g. by springs wherein the frequency of operation is determined by the frequency of uninterrupted AC energisation
    • H02K33/06—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moved one way by energisation of a single coil system and returned by mechanical force, e.g. by springs wherein the frequency of operation is determined by the frequency of uninterrupted AC energisation with polarised armatures

Definitions

  • Vibratory motors employed in hair clippers usually comprise a permanent magnet armature constrained to oscillate about a fixed pivot, electromagnetic means for effecting oscillation of the armature, and a driver on the armature which is operatively connected with the movable cutting blade of the clipper and through which oscillation of the armature is translated into reciprocatory motion of the cutting blade.
  • the cutting blade of course, is guided for reciprocatory motion along a defined path, and its travel is limited to a stroke that ordinarily bears a predetermined relationship to the spacing of the teeth on the cutting head of the clipper.
  • springs of various types were employed to limit the stroke of the cutting blade because of their ability to do so without creating excessive clattering noises. These springs did not act directly upon the cutting blade, but were located at opposite sides of the armature to be alternately engaged by it during oscillation thereof, to not only define the limits of armature oscillation but to also cushion the same at its limits of motion.
  • a stop device for the oscillatory armature of a vibratory motor such as is used in hair clippers and the like, comprising spring means which receives the thrust of the armature during oscillatory motion thereof, andwhich is characterized by a spring rate such that oscillatory motion of the armature in either direction away from its center position is yieldingly resisted with a force that is substantially light until the armature nears the end of its stroke, after which said resistance force rises abruptly to a value equaling the torsional magnetomotive force exerted on the armature so as to thereby define the limits of armature motion and to cushion the same as the armature reaches its limits of motion.
  • FIGURE 1 is a plan view of a vibratory motor powered hair clipper embodying this invention, portions of the clipper housing being broken away to better illustrate the internal parts of the clipper;
  • FIGURE 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken through FIGURE 1 on the plane of the line 2-2;
  • FIGURES 3, 4 and 5 are enlarged and more or less diagrammatic views illustrating the action of the spring stop device on the armature
  • FIGURE 6 is a perspective view of the spring per se
  • FIGURE 7 graphically portrays the spring rate and reaction to oscillation of the armature
  • 'FlGURE 8 is a fragmentary view, similar to FIGURE 1, but illustrating a modified embodiment of the invention.
  • the numeral litl generally designates the elongated housing of a hair clipper having a cutting head at its forward end, and containing a vibratory motor 12 to effect reciprocatory motion of the cutting blade 13 of the clipper. Both the cutting head and the motor are mounted on the bot tom section 14 of the housing, and the motor is concealed by the usual cover section 15 of the housing. It should be understood that the hair clipper here shown and described represents but one example of small electric appliances to which this invention is applicable.
  • the movable cutting blade 13 of the clipper is guided for reciprocatory motion across the forward end of the housing in a conventional manner, as by means of a strong leaf spring 16 which also urges the movable blade down onto the stationary blade 17 of the cutting head.
  • a notch in the rear of the cutting blade provides opposed driving abutments 18, through which driving force can be applied to the blade to effect reciprocation thereof.
  • the vibratory motor 12 is mounted substantially medially within the bottom section 14 of the housing, and it comprises an armature 19 at the forward end of the motor, an electromagnet core 20 having three equispaced legs 21, 22 and 23 extending forwardly toward the armature from a common crosspiece 24, and a winding 25 encircling the center leg 23 of the core.
  • the armature is oscillatably mounted on an upright pivot post 26 fixed in the bottom housing section and received in a bushing 27 carried by a hub portion 28 formed on the armature.
  • the axis of the pivot post is normal to the common plane of the core legs and ahead of but in line with the center leg 23 of the core.
  • the armature carries a permanent magnet 29 at its side adjacent to the electromagnet core, and it is provided with pole pieces 30 and 31 that extend inwardly over the magnet and cooperate with the extremities of the core legs.
  • the extremities of the core legs have concavely curved surfaces which match with convex surfaces on the armature pole pieces, and all of these curved surfaces are concentric to the axis of the pivot post about which the armature oscillates.
  • the armature is caused to oscillate in response to energization of the winding 25 from a source of alternating current.
  • a pair of leads 32 controlled by a switch are provided for that purpose.
  • the switch is mounted in the bottom housing section rearwardly of the motor, and only its actuator 33 can be seen in FIGURE 1.
  • the cutting blade is driven from the armature through a drive lever 34 on the latter, which extends radially forwardly from the armature hub and has a rounded extremity received in the notch in the rear edge of the cutting blade for cooperation with the opposed abutments l8 defined thereby.
  • spring means which can comprise a single beam type leaf spring 36 which extends across the pivot axis of the armature, above its hub portion.
  • spring means which can comprise a single beam type leaf spring 36 which extends across the pivot axis of the armature, above its hub portion.
  • a pair of upright anchor posts 37 and 38 fixed in the bottom housing section at opposite sides of the armature pivot post 26 nestingly engage in forwardly curled end portions 39 on the spring to hold it engaged with the surface of a forwardly facing shoulder 49 on the armature.
  • This surface is convexly curved as at 41 at a substantially large radius having its center in line with the center leg 23 of the core and adjacent to rear of the latter.
  • its shoulder 46 has shorter radius corners 4.2 and 4 3, which are directly rearwardly of the anchor posts 37-38.
  • the spring 36 normally has a slight curvature of larger radius than the surface 41 on the armature shoulder, so that its medial portion very lightly engages the shoulder on the armature when it is in its center position seen in FIGURES 1 and 3.
  • its shoulder portion leading to the corner 42 more or less rocks lengthwise along the spring toward the end thereof anchored by the post 37, as seen in FIGURE 4.
  • Such rocking of the armature also lifts its shoulder portion across the plane containing the pivot axis and passing through the spring anchor posts, so as to deflect the spring an amount which increases gradually with the distance the armature travels away from its center position, as indicated by the numeral 45 in the FIGURE 7 graph.
  • the spring yieldingly resists initial motion of the armature with a light force that increases very gradually as the armature shoulder engages portions of the spring more remote from the armature pivot axis, but which force abruptly increases to a value equal to the torsional magnetomotive force exerted on the armature when the corner shoulder portion d2 nears its adjacent anchor post 37.
  • the shoulder on the armature may be said to have engagement with a portion of the spring 36 closely adjacent to its anchored end, and which portion of the spring is substantially inflexible, at least under the limited and impositive force exerted on the armature by the motor.
  • the numeral 46 in FIGURE 7 indicates how the spring resists oscillatory motion of the armature with a force that increases abruptly as the shoulder on the armature begins to bear on portions of the spring close to its anchor 37, and quickly stops the armature to define one of its limits of motion.
  • the spring has the same effect upon the armature during oscillatory motion thereof in the counterclockwise direction, to stop the armature and define its other limit of motion as seen in FIGURE 5.
  • the spring 36 not only thus defines the limits of armature oscillation, but it very eifectively serves to cushion the armature as it reaches its limits of motion, and oscillation thereof is stopped substantially noiselessly.
  • a top surface of the armature pivot post 26 defines a ledge 48 which is fiush with the top of the drive lever hub 28, and that the armature shoulder 43 extends forwardly over this ledge to be confined between it and the underside of a spring retaining plate .9 fixed to the electromagnet core and extending forwardly over the top of the shoulder 50 toward the pivot axis of the armature.
  • a locating lug St) on the pivot post, projecting upwardly from the forward side of the post ahead of the spring 36, has a reduced extremity 5i engaged in a hole in the forward portion of the retaining plate to hold the same in proper relation to the armature.
  • the spring blade 36 is loosely confined edgewise between the ledge 48 at the top of the armature pivot post and the underside of the retaining plate 49, and enough of that portion of the bushing 27 that extends above the hub of t .e drive lever is cut away down to the level of the ledge 48 so as to accommodate the spring.
  • the forwardly curled end portions of the spring 36 engage reduced diameter portions of their anchor posts so that the latter also serve to prevent edgewi -e displacement of the spring.
  • FIGURE 8 illustrates how a pair of individual spring arms 53 can be employed to limit oscillation of the armature and to cushion the same as it reaches its limits of motion.
  • These arms have their remote ends fixed to their respective anchor posts 37-38 in any suitable manner, and their free end portions extend toward one another and lightly engage the convex surface 41 on the armature shoulder 49 when the armature is in its center position shown.
  • the spring blade or spring arms also define the limits of the reciprocatory motion imported to the movable cutting blade 13 by the drive lever on the armature. Also, the restoring force of the springs is available at each instant of flux reversal to start the armature moving in the opposite direction.
  • this invention features improved spring stop means for the armature of a vibratory motor, which spring means is characterized by a spring rate that increases in a gradually ascending curve that rises abruptly at the end of the armature stroke to limit the stroke and cushion the armature as it reaches its limits of motion.
  • said resilient means comprises a spring blade bearing upon the shoulder means at each side of said axis, and having a fixed end remote from said axis, an easily fiexible portion extending toward said axis, and a substantially non-yieldable portion directly adjacent to its anchored end.
  • said resilient means comprises a beam spring having fixed ends at opposite sides of and remote from said axis, an easily flexible portion extending through said intermediate zone, and substantially non-yieldable portions adjacent to its anchored ends.
  • (C) and spring blade means having arms connected with the anchor members and extendin toward the armature axis to cooperate with said shoulders, the portions of the arms remote from said anchor members being adapted to substantially lightly resist oscillatory motion of the armature in a zone extending a short distance to each side of its center position, and portions of the arms nearer the anchor members being adapted to yielding resist oscillatory motion of the armature beyond said zone with a force that rises substantially abruptly to a value equaling the magnetornotive force exerted on the armature as each shoulder portion nears its adjacent anchor member, so as to limit motion of the armature and cushion the same as it nears its limits of motion.
  • a hair clipper having a reciprocable cutting blade and a vibratory motor to impart reciprocatory motion to the blade, characterized by the following:
  • the motor comprises an armature constrained to oscillatory motion about a fixed axis, and having a driver thereon operatively connected with the cutting blade to reciprocate the same during oscillation of the armature;
  • a spring blade has its ends connected with the anchor members and extends lengthwise over said rocker to have the latter engage portions of the blade progressively closer to first one and then the other anchor member as the armature oscillates in opposite directions past said one position thereof, and which blade is adapted to yieldingly resist oscil latory motion of the armature with a force that rises abruptly as the rocker engages portions thereof near the anchor members, to a value equaling the torsional force exerted on the armature by the motor, so as to limit motion of the armature and the cutting References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 11/1950 Collins et a1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
US494045A 1965-10-08 1965-10-08 Vibratory motor, especially for hair clippers Expired - Lifetime US3378706A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US494045A US3378706A (en) 1965-10-08 1965-10-08 Vibratory motor, especially for hair clippers
CH171066A CH436452A (de) 1965-10-08 1966-02-07 Schwingantrieb, insbesondere Schwingankermotor für Haarschneidemaschinen
DE19661513758 DE1513758B1 (de) 1965-10-08 1966-02-07 Schwingantrieb mit federnder Hubbegrenzung
NL6602893A NL6602893A (sl) 1965-10-08 1966-03-04
BE680748D BE680748A (sl) 1965-10-08 1966-05-09

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US494045A US3378706A (en) 1965-10-08 1965-10-08 Vibratory motor, especially for hair clippers

Publications (1)

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US3378706A true US3378706A (en) 1968-04-16

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US494045A Expired - Lifetime US3378706A (en) 1965-10-08 1965-10-08 Vibratory motor, especially for hair clippers

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US (1) US3378706A (sl)
BE (1) BE680748A (sl)
CH (1) CH436452A (sl)
DE (1) DE1513758B1 (sl)
NL (1) NL6602893A (sl)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3521486A (en) * 1968-07-05 1970-07-21 Pennwalt Corp Differential pressure-responsive device for measuring fluid flow rate including a shaped spring for square root extraction
US3529190A (en) * 1967-06-13 1970-09-15 Vebratechniques Sa Vibrator
US10137582B2 (en) 2016-11-18 2018-11-27 Wahl Clipper Corporation Flux bridge for pivot motors

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2530759A (en) * 1946-12-05 1950-11-21 Laurence H Collins Electric razor
US2671137A (en) * 1951-05-15 1954-03-02 Telephonics Corp Switch
US2740057A (en) * 1952-05-13 1956-03-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electromagnetic prime movers
US2895089A (en) * 1954-12-13 1959-07-14 Leber Felix Electromagnetic control device
US2896132A (en) * 1955-03-07 1959-07-21 Comar Electric Company Electromagnetic relay with spring loaded armature
US3097328A (en) * 1955-07-18 1963-07-09 Comar Electric Company Electromagnetic relay

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2530759A (en) * 1946-12-05 1950-11-21 Laurence H Collins Electric razor
US2671137A (en) * 1951-05-15 1954-03-02 Telephonics Corp Switch
US2740057A (en) * 1952-05-13 1956-03-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electromagnetic prime movers
US2895089A (en) * 1954-12-13 1959-07-14 Leber Felix Electromagnetic control device
US2896132A (en) * 1955-03-07 1959-07-21 Comar Electric Company Electromagnetic relay with spring loaded armature
US3097328A (en) * 1955-07-18 1963-07-09 Comar Electric Company Electromagnetic relay

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3529190A (en) * 1967-06-13 1970-09-15 Vebratechniques Sa Vibrator
US3521486A (en) * 1968-07-05 1970-07-21 Pennwalt Corp Differential pressure-responsive device for measuring fluid flow rate including a shaped spring for square root extraction
US10137582B2 (en) 2016-11-18 2018-11-27 Wahl Clipper Corporation Flux bridge for pivot motors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6602893A (sl) 1967-04-10
DE1513758B1 (de) 1970-02-19
CH436452A (de) 1967-05-31
BE680748A (sl) 1966-10-17

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