US337477A - Hoeatio j - Google Patents

Description

9 Patente d Mar. 9

(No Model.)

H. J. BREWER. GALVANIG BATTERY. No. 337,477.

N. PETERS. Plwlo-Luhn m her. Washingwn. n. C.

Unrrsn STAT S ATENT @rrren.

HORATIO J. BREWER, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y.

GALVANIC BATTERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 337,477, dated March 9, 1886,

Application filed November 12, 1585. Serial No. 182,603. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HORATIO J. BREWER, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Galvanic Batteries, of which the following is a full, true, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to the construction of a carbon-zinc battery which has a low internal resistance and a high electro-motive force, and in which opportunity for the free circulation of the exciting-liquid is afforded by reason of the peculiar construction of the battery. By this construction, further, the elements are firmly locked together,while at the same time they can be readily separated by the removal of a single screw.

My invention will be readily understood from the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a top view of my battery; Fig. 2, a vertical section through Fig. 1 on thelinewx; Fig. 3, ahorizontal section through Fig. 2 on the line y y,- Fig. 4, a view showing the arrangement of part of the electro-negative element; Fig. 5, a view showing a locking-plate used in building up the electro'negative element; Fig. 6, a bottom view of the locking-plate J; Fig. 7, a view of one of my electro-negative plates; Fig. 8, a view of the locking-cap E.

Similar letters refer to similar parts.

My battery, as shown, is provided with a double zincone inside and one outside an inclosing electro-negative element. The battery itself is arranged in a jar, A, of any suitable material. This jar preferably is somewhat contracted at the neck, and has an opening,T, at one side, allowing the passage of a zinc connection, to be described. The center zinc con.- sists of a rod, 0, which is provided at its lower end with a beveled head, D, and at its upper end with a screw-thread, L. Surrounding the lower part of this zinc and resting upon the head is the insulating-block E, which may be of wood or glass, or other suitable insulating material. This block has an exterior lip for supporting the bottom carbon plate, F. This carbon plate consists of a circular disk, preferably having a projecting lip adapted to rest upon the corresponding lip of the block E. Beneath this carbon in the battery may be placed the insulating-support O, which may citing-liquid through them.

located in proximity to the jar.

.be of wood or other material. This support or washer O is made greater in diameter than the carbon plate F, and serves to prevent contact between the carbon plate F and the surrounding zinc B, presently to be described.

The block F is provided with channels K, (shown in Fig. 4,) for the reception of the beveled ends of the electro-negative plates K. These plates K may be of carbon or a mixture of carbon with other electro-negative material, and their ends are beveled off to fit into the locking carbon plates F and G described.

The plates K are preferably provided with holes WV, allowing the circulation of the ex- 7 An upper locking-plate, G, is provided similar in shape to the lower plate, F, but arranged in a reverse position, into which the upper beveled ends of the plates K fit. 7

Upon the upper surface of the carbon plate G is placed the cover J, which may be of wood or glass, or other suitable insulating material, and this plate is so arranged as to surround a projecting neck, H, of the plate G, so that when a wire is coiled in the chamfered channel shown in Fig. 6 it may be brought in contact with the upper surface of the plate G. This wire P is allowed to project upward through plate J, and serves to connect one of the poles of the battery.

Upon the cover J rests the locking-cap E of the general shape shown in Fig. 8. This should be made of glass or other insulating material, and serves, in connection with the zinc rod which passes through it, tolock all the parts of the battery firmly together. Thelocking-cap E is locked by the nut M. A zinc cylinder, B, is provided, open at one side, and which surrounds the elect-ro-negativc element, and is One arm of this zinc projects upward,as shown at B, and is provided with an aperture, by which it is enabled to be slipped over the upper end of the zinc rod 0. Another nut, N, screwing upon the same screw-thread L, serves to force the connecting-wire B against the upper surface of the zinc plate B, and thereby maintains likewise a continuous connection between the zines.

In making up my battery I proceed as follows: In the first place I place the outside zinc, B, within the jar. If this is made of larger diameter than the opening of the jar,it should be sprung in somewhat and allowed to relax within the jar. I then place the insulatingwasher O in the bottom of thejar, which is thus surrounded by the zincB already placed inposition. Thezinc rod C, carrying the block E and carbon plate F, is next placed in position, and the electro-negative plates K suitably arranged upon it. I then place the up per carbon plate, G, in position, thereby look ing the plates K. Upon this I place the cover J, taking care to arrange the wire I properly around the collar H. The locking-cap E is then placed in position, and the whole structure firmly bound together by screwing down the nut M on the thread L. The zinc B is then connected by the arm B to the internal zinc, O, and the nutN is screwed down firmly upon it and the connecting-wire R, thereby completing the battery. It is obvious that by this arrangement I obtain a largely-increased surface of zinc, in comparison with the ordinary form of this kind of battery, andthat the exciting-liquid is free to circulate throughout the entire battery. By making the plates K of a material more strongly electro-negative than carbon, I can increase the electro-motive force of the battery, and should these plates become deteriorated in use I can readily substitute others, in the manner heretofore described. The particular form of these plates K or the particular shape of the lockingplatcsF and G is plainly immaterial.

It is obvious, likewise, that one of the important features in my invention consists in the locking together by screw-pressure of the connecting carbons with the electro-negative plates, and though I prefer to apply this force through the zinc red 0, yet this is not essential, for a wooden or other rod might be employed; or a rod of wood partly surrounded by zinc,which zinc is supplied with a suitable connection to the exterior zinc, might be used, though I prefer the form shown.

It is likewise obvious that one of the essential advantages of my improvement is,that by it I can lock together my carbon plates by the same pressure which maintains the contact between such plates and the conducting-wire.

The battery, when complete, is so constructed, as will be observed, that it is impossible for the positive and negative elements to be displaced, so as to make contact within the battery itself, which is an important desideratum in this class of batteries.

I do not limit myself to the particular construction of anyof the parts shown, since it is manifest that other forms could be varied withoutdepartingfrom the principle of my in- Vention.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An eleetro-negative element which consists of a plate 01' plates of carbon or material containing carbon, held longitudinally between two other carbon plates, the electric connection between said plates being maintained by the pressure of a screw, substantially as described.

2. An eleetro-negative element for a battery, which consists of a horizontal plate of carbon, a vertical plate or plates of carbon or material containing carbon, and a horizontal plate of carbon placed above and upon said vertical plates, the said plates being forced together by screw-pressure, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a zinc rod with two or more carbon plates adjacent to the same, the carbon plates being held together by a pressure applied through the zinc rod, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a carbon element, a conducting-wire, and azinc rod, the conducting'wire being forced against the carbon by a screw-pressure applied through the zinc rod, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a central zinc rod, a carbon element surrounding or partially sur rounding the same, and an exterior cylindrical zine surrounding said carbon element, the interior and exterior zinc being electrically connected together, substantially as described.

6. The combination of an interior zine rod, an exterior cylindrical zinc, and an intermediate carbon element, which consists of two or more plates of carbon pressed together by a pressure applied through the zinc rod, substantially as described.

7. Thecombination,ina alvanie batter of I a central zinc rod, two horizontal carbon plates, and intermediate vertical carbon plates, the said carbon plates being held together by a pressure applied through the zinc rod, with an exterior cylindrical zinc electrically connected with, the interior zinc rod, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the zinc rod 0, provided with a head at its lower extremity, the plate F, supported thereby, the plates K K, resting upon the plate F, the carbon plate G, resting upon the plates K, and the nut M, locking said carbon plates together, substantially as described.

9. The combination of the rod 0, carrying block E and supporting the plate F, with the plates K K, plate G, cap E, and nut M, looking the said compound carbon element together, substantially as described.

10. A compound element which consists of a rod, (3, supporting block E, plate F, plates K K, plate G, cover J, cap E, nut M, and wire I, the said 'nut M serving to lock the compound carbon element together and to hold the wire I? in contact therewith, substantially as described.

11. The combination of the zinc rod 0, carbon plate G, and the cap E, the said cap E serving to insulate the zinc rod from the surrounding carbon plate, substantially as described.

12. The combination of the horizontal carbon plate F and the washer O, greater in diameter than the plate F, with the cylindrical IIO surrounding zinc, the said washer 0 serving to insulate the carbon plate from the zinc, substantially as described.

13. The combination of the central zinc rod,

5 O, the exterior zinc cylinder, B, the connection B, and the set-screws M and N, serving to maintain a contact between the interior and exterior zinc, substantially as described.-

14. The combination of the horizontal plates 10 F and G with the vertical plates K, containing perforations, substantially as described.

15. The combination of the horizontal car-

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