US3374489A - Artificial heart valve - Google Patents

Artificial heart valve Download PDF

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Publication number
US3374489A
US3374489A US442897A US44289765A US3374489A US 3374489 A US3374489 A US 3374489A US 442897 A US442897 A US 442897A US 44289765 A US44289765 A US 44289765A US 3374489 A US3374489 A US 3374489A
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United States
Prior art keywords
ring
valve
columns
valve element
heart valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US442897A
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English (en)
Inventor
Diaz Francisco R Alvarez
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FRANCISCO R ALVAREZ DIAZ
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Francisco R. Alvarez Diaz
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Publication date
Application filed by Francisco R. Alvarez Diaz filed Critical Francisco R. Alvarez Diaz
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Publication of US3374489A publication Critical patent/US3374489A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A61F2/2403—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body with pivoting rigid closure members
    • A61F2/2406—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body with pivoting rigid closure members without fixed axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7898—Pivoted valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7904—Reciprocating valves
    • Y10T137/7908—Weight biased
    • Y10T137/7909—Valve body is the weight
    • Y10T137/7913—Guided head

Definitions

  • An artificial mitral valve for intracardiac implantation includes a ring constituting a valve seat having an outer portion for suturing in position, and a disc-shaped valve member loosely connected with said ring to oscillate between open and closed positions.
  • the only effective treatment for numerous sufferers from mitral insufiiciently or calcified mitral stenosis comprises the implantation of an artificial mitral valve, without which such sufferers will die within a relatively short period of time.
  • the ideal type of artificial mitral valve would necessarily have certain definite character: istics, namely: it would be absolutely eflicient; it would not cause stenosis, but would permit sufiicient free flow of blood to the ventricle, namely at least 15 litres per minute and equal to the volume delivered by the left ventricle under semiforced working conditions; articulation of the valve should be by a simple, free and safe mechanism avoiding thrombosis; it should not protrude more than 1.5 centimetres into the left ventricle; it should not produce heamolysis; there should be no dead spaces that would cause thrombosis; it should incorporate a safe fastening mechanism, and it should be constructed of inert, perfectly tolerated material.
  • a valve appeared but it has the following disadvantages: it is situated entirely in the left ventricle, so that it interferes with the tract running from the ventricle to the aorta, in many cases making contact with the wall of said tract and thus causing subendocardial hematomas, giving rise to arrhythmias and sometimes to ventricular fibrillation and the death of the patient. Blood does not pass rapidly and freely to the ventricle, and on occasion the heaemolyses produced are considerable through the friction of the blood through the box.
  • an artificial mitral valve for intracardiac implanation includes a ring constituting a valve seat having an outer portion for suturing in position, and has a pair of inward projections, and a biconvex disc-shaped valve member having a pair of columns extending from one face thereof through said ring respectively adjacent said projections, said columns terminating in angled end portions loosely overlying the opposite side of said ring from said valve member and permitting the latter to oscillate between open and closed positions.
  • the structure is formed of inert material that is perfectly tolerated by the patients heart upon implantation, is absolutely efficient and safe and has no deleterious effects, is easily implanted and has a simple and safe mounting and has a simple articulation mechanism capable of constant movement and free of dead spaces,
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a support ring for an artificial mitral valve in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 22 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of a portion of the ring and one of the mounting stops;
  • FIG. 3' is a cross-sectional view taken on line 33' of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of the valve element for an artificial mitral valve in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the valve element shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 5' is a side view of the valve element similar to that of FIG. 5, but oriented substantially 45 as in the DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
  • an artificial mitral valve comprises two parts; a mounting ring 1, FIG. 1, and a flattened biconvex cushion-shaped valve element 8, FIG. 4, which is articulated on and supported by said ring 1, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the mounting ring 1 comprises a base ring 2 and the latter as well as the valve element 8 are made of inert materials which are perfectly tolerated by the human body.
  • the ring 2 is circular in shape with smooth flat sides that taper inwardly to an inner wall 3 having a diameter varying between one and three centimetres, while, depending on the diameter, its width varies between three and six millimetres.
  • the outer periphery of said ring 2 is provided with a V-shaped channel formed by two rims 4, one at the top and the other at the bottom, both being oblique and converging towards the center of the Patented Mar. 26, 1968' ring. At their outer edges, the rims 4 are about six millimetres apart, and the width of the inner face of the rim is from one to four millimetres.
  • the channel in the outer periphery contains a second ring 6 of a material capable of being pierced by a needle and of holding sutures for the fastening of the ring 1 in position, this second ring 6 being fixed in the channel by means of an embedded stainless steel wire 5.
  • the ring 6 maybe in the form of a mesh or the like and of a mate- 1gial that is inert and is perfectly tolerated by the human ody.
  • the valve element 8 has a flattened biconvex body having a bottom or ventricular face 11, and an upper or auricular face 10.
  • the ventricular face is of circular shape, smooth, with slight convexity; while the auricular face is likewise convex, with two columns 9 situated eccentricaliy on a line YY, FIG. 4, disposed perpendicularly one third along the length of the diameter Z-Z. These columns extend upwardly from the body adjacent the periphery thereof and have angularly disposed free end portions 9 extending toward the body periphery.
  • the columns 9 are slightly conical with their outside edges substantially perpendicular to the medial plane P-P of the body 8, FIG. 5, and the axes B--B of the columns, FIG. are inclined outwardly at about 100115 relative to said plane, said columns being of greater width at their bases joined to the body.
  • the outer free ends 9' of the columns extend at right angles to the inclined inner edges of the columns, and point outwards at an angle of about to the line YY, FIG. 4, passing through the axes of the columns.
  • the valve element 8 is articulated to the mounting ring 1 by means of the columns 9 which are disposed within the ring 1, and with their free ends 9 overlying one side of the ring.
  • the columns 9 are partially straddled by the stops 7, respectively, to prevent relative rotational movement.
  • the height of the columns is slightly greater than the thickness of the ring 1 so that the valve element 8 is capable of movement in the perpendicular direction of about four to eight millimetres, depending on size, and the eccentric disposition of the columns enables movementin the diagonal direction, as shown in FIG. 6, of one to two centimetres.
  • the circular shape of the columns 9 and the triangular configuration of the stops 7 precludes dead spaces that are unaffected by the oscillatory movement between these parts caused by the oscillation of the valve element 8.
  • the articulation mechanism is safe and simple in operation and capable of constant movement, thereby precluding thrombosis.
  • valve parts are made of inert material that is perfectly tolerated -by the human body.
  • the carrier ring 1 and valve element 8 are made of synthetic elastomers which have sufiicient rigidity to prevent undesired deformation, but have sufficient elasticity or resilience to enable insertion of the columns 7 9 within the ring 1.
  • Suitable materials for these parts are polypropylene or Silastic (W. A. Cleary Corp., New Brunswick, N.J.).
  • the outer or anchor ring 6 may be formed of Teflon or Dacron (E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del.) or Terylene (Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd., Imperial Chemical House, Milbank, London, England).
  • This valve is constructed in different sizes, namely with inside ring diameters of 1.75, 2.25, 2.50, 2.75 and 3 centimetres.
  • the valve assembly is implanted surgically in place of a scarred and damaged mitral valve between the left auricle and the left ventricle.
  • the damaged mitral valve is excised and the outer or anchor ring 6 is sutured within the opening from which the mitral valve has been excised.
  • the valve is disposed on the ventricalside of the ring with the face 11 of the valve element 8 toward the ventrical, and the face 10 toward the auricle.
  • the ring 1 then constitutes the valve seat for the valve element 8, and its inner periphery 3 the valve passageway.
  • the mitral valve according to the present invention complies with all the conditions required for a rigid mitral valve, having great advantages and no disadvantage. In numerous experimental studies and in special valve testing apparatus (duplicator), it has been found that this valve is:
  • the material used is inert and perfectly tolerated by the human body.
  • An artificial heart valve for intracardiac implantation comprising a carrier ring defining a valve passageway and a valve seat one one side of said ring, and a disc-shaped valve element having a diameter greater than that of said passageway and having one side engageable with said seat, two columns projecting from said one side of said valve element through said passageway and having end portions overlying the side of said ring opposite said seat to retain said element and ring in assembled relation, said columns having a length greater than the thickness of said ring to permit movement of said element relative to said ring, and said carrier ring having two projections extending inwardly into said passageway and respectively engaging said columns to steady said valve element in relation to said ring and to obstruct rotational displacement of said valve element relative to said ring but permitting free movement of said valve element toward and from said seat.
  • a heart valve according to claim 1 wherein said columns are eccentrically disposed relative to said one side of said valve element so that the movement thereof is oscillatory in both an axial and an angular direction.
  • An artificial heart valve for intracardiac implantation comprising a carrier ring defining a valve passageway and a valve seat on one side of said ring, and a discshaped valve element having a diameter greater than that of said passageway and engageable with said seat, 7
  • said valve element having members projecting therefrom through said passageway and overlying the side of said ring opposite said seat to retain said element and ring in assembled relation, said projecting members having a length greater than the thickness of said ring to permit movement of said element relative to said ring, said carrier ring having two projections extending inwardly into said passageway and respectively straddling said projecting members to steady said valve element in relation to said ring and to obstruct rotational displacement of said valve element relative to said ring but permitting free movement of said valve element toward and from said seat, said projecting members being L-shaped with the L-bends at the free ends thereof disposed to overlie said ring.
  • valve element is of biconvex form
  • said projecting members on one face comprise two eccentrically disposed upstanding columns inclined towards the respectively nearest edge of the valve element, each L-shaped bend on said columns being directed towards the periphery of the valve element.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
US442897A 1964-04-07 1965-03-26 Artificial heart valve Expired - Lifetime US3374489A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES29838264 1964-04-07

Publications (1)

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US3374489A true US3374489A (en) 1968-03-26

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US (1) US3374489A (de)
DE (1) DE1268312B (de)
GB (1) GB1079979A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3476143A (en) * 1967-04-17 1969-11-04 Univ Minnesota Pivoting disc heart valve
US3491376A (en) * 1965-10-06 1970-01-27 Donald P Shiley Heart valve with separate suturing ring sub-assembly
US3513485A (en) * 1967-04-14 1970-05-26 Temple Univ School Of Medicine Prosthetic heart valve assembly
US3526906A (en) * 1965-11-05 1970-09-08 Lorraine Carbone Prosthetic implants made from carbonaceous materials
DE2013866A1 (de) * 1969-03-24 1970-10-01 Shiley, Donald Pearce, Santa Ana, Calif. (V.St,A.) Herzklappenprothese
US3538514A (en) * 1968-12-23 1970-11-10 George Schimert Artificial heart valve
US3546711A (en) * 1968-04-09 1970-12-15 Gulf Energy & Environ Systems Heart valve
US11241307B2 (en) 2016-10-13 2022-02-08 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Replacement heart valve with diaphragm

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2877792A (en) * 1956-10-12 1959-03-17 Frank W Tybus Surge or back flow valve
US3099016A (en) * 1960-08-11 1963-07-30 Edwards Miles Lowell Heart valve
US3113586A (en) * 1962-09-17 1963-12-10 Physio Control Company Inc Artificial heart valve
US3294116A (en) * 1963-04-25 1966-12-27 Clapets Soc D Non-reflux valves

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2877792A (en) * 1956-10-12 1959-03-17 Frank W Tybus Surge or back flow valve
US3099016A (en) * 1960-08-11 1963-07-30 Edwards Miles Lowell Heart valve
US3113586A (en) * 1962-09-17 1963-12-10 Physio Control Company Inc Artificial heart valve
US3294116A (en) * 1963-04-25 1966-12-27 Clapets Soc D Non-reflux valves

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3491376A (en) * 1965-10-06 1970-01-27 Donald P Shiley Heart valve with separate suturing ring sub-assembly
US3526906A (en) * 1965-11-05 1970-09-08 Lorraine Carbone Prosthetic implants made from carbonaceous materials
US3513485A (en) * 1967-04-14 1970-05-26 Temple Univ School Of Medicine Prosthetic heart valve assembly
US3476143A (en) * 1967-04-17 1969-11-04 Univ Minnesota Pivoting disc heart valve
US3546711A (en) * 1968-04-09 1970-12-15 Gulf Energy & Environ Systems Heart valve
US3538514A (en) * 1968-12-23 1970-11-10 George Schimert Artificial heart valve
DE2013866A1 (de) * 1969-03-24 1970-10-01 Shiley, Donald Pearce, Santa Ana, Calif. (V.St,A.) Herzklappenprothese
US11241307B2 (en) 2016-10-13 2022-02-08 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Replacement heart valve with diaphragm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1079979A (en) 1967-08-16
DE1268312B (de) 1968-05-16

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