US3370188A - Piezoelectric crystal support structure - Google Patents
Piezoelectric crystal support structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3370188A US3370188A US522114A US52211466A US3370188A US 3370188 A US3370188 A US 3370188A US 522114 A US522114 A US 522114A US 52211466 A US52211466 A US 52211466A US 3370188 A US3370188 A US 3370188A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- crystal
- support structure
- piezoelectric crystal
- deflection
- per inch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium copper Chemical compound [Be].[Cu] DMFGNRRURHSENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/02—Details
- H03H9/05—Holders or supports
- H03H9/0504—Holders or supports for bulk acoustic wave devices
- H03H9/0533—Holders or supports for bulk acoustic wave devices consisting of wire
Definitions
- This invention relates to piezoelectric crystal units and specifically concerns the mechanical mounting of crystals in piezoelectric devices.
- Piezoelectric devices such as filters and oscillators employ crystal bodies which are usually supported mechanically by support wires that function also as electrical leads. The problem is to support the crystal body in a manner which permits the crystal to resonate as freely as possible while still providing adequate mechanical support. Since these design criteria are quite opposite it is extremely diflicult to provide an adequate support structure for a crystal unit destined for a severe mechanical environment.
- a crystal mount which has sufiicient rigidity to eliminate low frequency resonances and yet has sufficient flexibility to allow for relief of strains on the crystal plate.
- This is achieved using a composite support structure in which one of the supports is rigid and the other flexible.
- Providing one support member with a stiffness in the range of 0.5 to 10 pounds per inch of deflection and the other support member with a stiffness of at least 80 pounds per inch of deflection results in a structure which gives suflicient strain relief to the crystal and also is rigid enough to eliminate low frequency resonances.
- the figure is a front elevation of a crystal unit in which the crystal support is constructed according to the invention.
- the base 10 is a conventional copper header.
- the electrode pin 11 is a rigid 40 mil nickel wire extending through the base 10 and terminating in a horizontal portion 12.
- a flat relatively rigid nickel ribbon 13 is welded or otherwise afiixed to the end of the wire portion 12.
- the nickel ribbon is 50 mils wide by 15 mils thick and has a rigidity of approximately 80 pounds per inch of deflection.
- the other wire support is similarly constructed and comprises a rigid wire 14 extending through the base and terminating in the horizontally extending portion 15.
- a flexible member 16 is welded or otherwise affixed to the end of the wire 15.
- the flexible member in this case is a nickel ribbon having a width of 50 mils, a thickness of mils, and a rigidity of 3 pounds per inch of deflection.
- the ribbon 3,370,188 Patented Feb. 20, 1968 16 can also be aflixed directly to the base member 10.
- Copper damping weights 17 and 18 are affixed to the support members and the phosphor-bronze lead wires 19 and 20 support the crystal 21 in the usual manner. Where the crystal is large more than two wire supports may be used.
- These latter structural features are conventional except that the use of one flexible and one rigid support member permit the damping weights to be attached directly to the support members rather than being carried by the wire as in most conventional designs.
- the position of the damping weights relative to the support members is a matter of choice and is not restricted according to the teachings of this invention.
- the flexible support member 16 is shown in the figure as a ribbon. Ribbons having stiffness coefficients as small as 0.5 pound per inch of deflection up to about 10 pounds per inch of deflection are effective when used with a rigid member having a stiffness of at least pounds per inch. Since the function of the rigid member is solely to provide rigidity there is no upper limit on its stiffness. However, the shape of the member is not critical as long as the relative flexibility requirement is met, A wire may be found convenient in many cases.
- the material of which the supports are constructed is also not critical except insofar as it affects the rigidity.
- the supports in the usual construction are electrically conductive and may be silver, gold, aluminum, nickel, copper or an alloy such as brass.
- the wires 19 and 20 are almost invariably beryllium-copper or Phosphor bronze.
- the crystal 21 may be any piezoelectric material useful in resonant devices of the character described. In the usual case this crystal is quartz.
- a piezoelectric crystal unit comprising a flat piezoelectric crystal plate, at least two wires attached to the major faces of the crystal plate, a support structure for suspending the crystal'between said wires, said support structure comprising one relatively rigid member and one relatively flexible member, said relatively rigid member having a stiffness coeflicient of at least 80 pounds per inch of deflection and said relatively flexible member having a stiffness coeflicient in the range 0.5 to 10 pounds per inch of deflection and a base member for mounting each of said members in spaced parallel relationship.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
Description
Feb. 20, 1968 P. R. BLOMSTER 3,370,188
PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL SUPPORT STRUCTURE Filed Jan. 21, 1966 INVENTOP By P. R. BLO TER A T TOR/VEV United States Patent M 3,370,188 PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL SUPPORT STRUQTURE Paul R. Blomster, Emmaus, Pa., assignor to Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated, New York, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed Jan. 21, 1966, Ser. No. 522,114 1 Claim. (Cl. 3109.1)
This invention relates to piezoelectric crystal units and specifically concerns the mechanical mounting of crystals in piezoelectric devices.
Piezoelectric devices such as filters and oscillators employ crystal bodies which are usually supported mechanically by support wires that function also as electrical leads. The problem is to support the crystal body in a manner which permits the crystal to resonate as freely as possible while still providing adequate mechanical support. Since these design criteria are quite opposite it is extremely diflicult to provide an adequate support structure for a crystal unit destined for a severe mechanical environment.
Low frequency resonances in the crystal mountings which are produced by mechanical shock in the use environment obviously can be eliminated by making the support structure more rigid. However, such a procedure results in clamping the crystal plate thereby reducing its Q and causing other impairments of the electrical characteristics.
According to the present invention a crystal mount is provided which has sufiicient rigidity to eliminate low frequency resonances and yet has sufficient flexibility to allow for relief of strains on the crystal plate. This is achieved using a composite support structure in which one of the supports is rigid and the other flexible. Providing one support member with a stiffness in the range of 0.5 to 10 pounds per inch of deflection and the other support member with a stiffness of at least 80 pounds per inch of deflection results in a structure which gives suflicient strain relief to the crystal and also is rigid enough to eliminate low frequency resonances.
This aspect of the invention as well as others will become apparent from the following detailed description.
In the drawing:
The figure is a front elevation of a crystal unit in which the crystal support is constructed according to the invention.
A crystal unit supported in accordance with the principles of this invention is shown in the figure. The base 10 is a conventional copper header. The electrode pin 11 is a rigid 40 mil nickel wire extending through the base 10 and terminating in a horizontal portion 12. A flat relatively rigid nickel ribbon 13 is welded or otherwise afiixed to the end of the wire portion 12. The nickel ribbon is 50 mils wide by 15 mils thick and has a rigidity of approximately 80 pounds per inch of deflection. The other wire support is similarly constructed and comprises a rigid wire 14 extending through the base and terminating in the horizontally extending portion 15. A flexible member 16 is welded or otherwise affixed to the end of the wire 15. The flexible member in this case is a nickel ribbon having a width of 50 mils, a thickness of mils, and a rigidity of 3 pounds per inch of deflection. The ribbon 3,370,188 Patented Feb. 20, 1968 16 can also be aflixed directly to the base member 10. Copper damping weights 17 and 18 are affixed to the support members and the phosphor- bronze lead wires 19 and 20 support the crystal 21 in the usual manner. Where the crystal is large more than two wire supports may be used. These latter structural features are conventional except that the use of one flexible and one rigid support member permit the damping weights to be attached directly to the support members rather than being carried by the wire as in most conventional designs. However, the position of the damping weights relative to the support members is a matter of choice and is not restricted according to the teachings of this invention.
The flexible support member 16 is shown in the figure as a ribbon. Ribbons having stiffness coefficients as small as 0.5 pound per inch of deflection up to about 10 pounds per inch of deflection are effective when used with a rigid member having a stiffness of at least pounds per inch. Since the function of the rigid member is solely to provide rigidity there is no upper limit on its stiffness. However, the shape of the member is not critical as long as the relative flexibility requirement is met, A wire may be found convenient in many cases.
The material of which the supports are constructed is also not critical except insofar as it affects the rigidity. The supports in the usual construction are electrically conductive and may be silver, gold, aluminum, nickel, copper or an alloy such as brass. The wires 19 and 20 are almost invariably beryllium-copper or Phosphor bronze. The crystal 21 may be any piezoelectric material useful in resonant devices of the character described. In the usual case this crystal is quartz.
Various additional modifications and extensions of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. All such variations and deviations which basically rely on the teachings through which this invention has advanced the art are properly considered within the spirit and scope of this invention.
What is claimed is:
1. A piezoelectric crystal unit comprising a flat piezoelectric crystal plate, at least two wires attached to the major faces of the crystal plate, a support structure for suspending the crystal'between said wires, said support structure comprising one relatively rigid member and one relatively flexible member, said relatively rigid member having a stiffness coeflicient of at least 80 pounds per inch of deflection and said relatively flexible member having a stiffness coeflicient in the range 0.5 to 10 pounds per inch of deflection and a base member for mounting each of said members in spaced parallel relationship.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,830,203 4/1958 Potter 3109.1 2,831,989 4/ 1958 Ianouchevsky 3109.1 3,054,915 9/1962 Houck 310--9.1 2,965,773 12/1960 Hill 3109.1 3,221,189 11/1965 Brandt 3109.l 3,340,410 9/1967 Sanford 310-9.1
LEE T. HIX, Primary Examiner.
J. D. MILLER, Assistant Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. A PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL UNIT COMPRISING A FLAT PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL PLATE, AT LEAST TWO WIRES ATTACHED TO THE MAJOR FACES OF THE CRYSTAL PLATE, A SUPPORT STRUCTURE FOR SUSPENDING THE CRYSTAL BETWEEN SAID WIRES, SAID SUPPORT STRUCTURE COMPRISING ONE RELATIVELY RIGID MEMBER AND ONE RELATIVELY FLEXIBLE MEMBER, SAID RELATIVELY RIGID MEMBER HAVING A STIFFNESS COEFFICIENT OF AT LEAST 80 POUNDS PER INCH OF DEFLECTION AND SAID RELATIVELY FLEXIBLE MEMBER HAVING A STIFFNESS COEFFICIENT IN THE RANGE 0.5 TO 10 POUNDS PER INCH OF DEFLECTION AND A BASE MEMBER FOR MOUNTING EACH OF SAID MEMBERS IN SPACED PARALLEL RELATIONSHIP.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US522114A US3370188A (en) | 1966-01-21 | 1966-01-21 | Piezoelectric crystal support structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US522114A US3370188A (en) | 1966-01-21 | 1966-01-21 | Piezoelectric crystal support structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3370188A true US3370188A (en) | 1968-02-20 |
Family
ID=24079523
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US522114A Expired - Lifetime US3370188A (en) | 1966-01-21 | 1966-01-21 | Piezoelectric crystal support structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3370188A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3535569A (en) * | 1968-04-19 | 1970-10-20 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Pressure support resonator mounting |
| US4317093A (en) * | 1979-03-01 | 1982-02-23 | Antonio Lungo | Electric filter and method of manufacture |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2830203A (en) * | 1956-07-19 | 1958-04-08 | Standard Electronics Corp | Piezoelectric crystal support |
| US2831989A (en) * | 1955-02-17 | 1958-04-22 | Quartz & Electronique | Crystal support |
| US2965773A (en) * | 1957-12-31 | 1960-12-20 | Hill Electronic Engineering An | Crystal mounting structure with damping means |
| US3054915A (en) * | 1959-03-16 | 1962-09-18 | Hill Electronics Inc | Mount for piezo-electric crystal |
| US3221189A (en) * | 1963-06-03 | 1965-11-30 | Dynamics Corp America | Ceramic ruggedized low frequency crystal unit |
| US3340410A (en) * | 1964-08-05 | 1967-09-05 | Wave Lock Inc | Piezoelectric crystal assembly |
-
1966
- 1966-01-21 US US522114A patent/US3370188A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2831989A (en) * | 1955-02-17 | 1958-04-22 | Quartz & Electronique | Crystal support |
| US2830203A (en) * | 1956-07-19 | 1958-04-08 | Standard Electronics Corp | Piezoelectric crystal support |
| US2965773A (en) * | 1957-12-31 | 1960-12-20 | Hill Electronic Engineering An | Crystal mounting structure with damping means |
| US3054915A (en) * | 1959-03-16 | 1962-09-18 | Hill Electronics Inc | Mount for piezo-electric crystal |
| US3221189A (en) * | 1963-06-03 | 1965-11-30 | Dynamics Corp America | Ceramic ruggedized low frequency crystal unit |
| US3340410A (en) * | 1964-08-05 | 1967-09-05 | Wave Lock Inc | Piezoelectric crystal assembly |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3535569A (en) * | 1968-04-19 | 1970-10-20 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Pressure support resonator mounting |
| US4317093A (en) * | 1979-03-01 | 1982-02-23 | Antonio Lungo | Electric filter and method of manufacture |
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