US336503A - House - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l A. G. WATERHOUSE.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

N0. 336,503. l Patented Feb. 16, 1886.

N, PETERS. Phnwulhngmpher. wnsmngwn. D. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. G. WATERHOUSE.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

No. 336,503. l l; Patented Feb. 16, 1886.

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. jill" Il N. PETERS. Pham-Lnmgmphu. waghingmn. Dv c,

@i NITED STATES PATENT Trice.

ELECTRIC- ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 336,503J dated February 16, 1886.

Application filed Jannary, 1984. Serial No. 118,360. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be -it known that l, ADDISON G. EXTER- r-roUsn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Hartford, in the State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Im provements in Electric-Arc Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

Myinvention relates to the construction of electricarc lamps; and its object is, among other things, to increase the power and delicacy of operation of the magnet system, to improve the efficiency and certainty or action of the clutch or clamp, and to simplify and improve the devices, whereby a safety or branch circuit around the lamp may be automatically closed in case of derangement in the lamp mechanism and failure of the carbon to feed properly.

My invention consists in certain details of construction and combination of parts, that will be herein described in connection with the accompanying` drawings, and will be set forth in the claims.

The feed regulating magnet herein described, consists, briefly speaking, of a movable magnet -core actuated by coils in the main circuit, in combination with a higlrresistance derived-circuit coil wound upon an extension of the core and moving therewith, and a bell-extension from the core arranged to surround the main-circuit coils,l and acting in the combination to increase the power and delicacy of operation. An additional element of importance in such a combination is, that the feed-regulating mechanism is actuated in one direction by the main circuit inagnetcoils, and in thc other by a spring or by the weight of the parts only,and that the derivedcircuit coil serves merely to permit the action of the spring or weight to prevail, and has no positive action of its own either in drawing the core in a direction to permit a feed to take place or in the same direction with the maincircuit coil. To the latter circumstance is due the important result that the current in the derived-circuit coils cannot, in case of an abnormally long arc, act to keep the carbons separated. rlhis novel and important feature will be more clearly manifest from the following detailed description of the lamp, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a front elevation, partly in section, of a lamp embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig. 3 is a top view of the clutch or clamp. Fig. 4 illustrates a detail or construction.

A indicates a frame,of any suitable or usual construction, for supporting the magnet and working parts of the lamp, and B the feed regulating or governing lever actuated by the governing and feed-controlling` magnet, and connected in any suitable manner with any proper or ordinary feedregulating devices of such nature that when said lever is moved in one direction, as upward, the carbons will be drawn apart, and when moved in the opposite direction a release or feed of the carbons will be permitted to take place. The coustruction of the devices herein employed for such purpose will be described further on.

R indicates the ordinary carbon holder or carrier, with which the feedregulating mechanism engages.

Lever B is connected with the movable core O of an electromagnet, the coils for which latter are indicated at D, and, as is obvious, will act on said core to draw it up within the coils when a current of electricity of sufficient strength iiows through them. The coils D are in the main or principle circuit with the carbons, as usual,which circuit isindicated by the numeral 5, and passes from the point marked through the coils D to the frame, and thence to the upper-carbon carrier R in the usual way, and the core O, when raised by the action of current in said coils, raises the end of lever B and imparts the proper movement to the feed-1egulating mechanism to separate the carbons. The coils of line wire in a high-resistance derived circuit, 7, around the carbons are indicated at l, and surround an extension of the core C, as indicated. They are suitably mounted or supported so as to be carried by or to move with the core, and as said core and coils are not capable of independent movement, the latter (the coils) can never produce a positive downward pull upon the feedregulating lever, but their action must be conned to the function of neutralizing or counteracting the magnetism induced in the core O by the current in coils D to such extent as to permit vthe lever B to be lowered by the action of gravity or a spring when a feed of the car- IOO bon rod downward becomes necessary. It is of course to be understood that the coilsEare properly wound or connected, so that the current circulating in them shall tend to give to the core C a magnetism the opposite of that induced by the current in coilsD.

F indicates what I term a bell-extension from the core C, and consists simply of a cylinder or case of iron magnetically connected with the core C and arranged to surround the` coils D, as indicated. This extension increases the sensitiven'ess and strength of the magnet and improves the delicacy and certainty of action of the lamp.

, G indicates a spring,which serves to assist the magnet-core C in overcoming the weight of B and connected parts. y

l? indicates a dash-pot of any usual or desired construction.

The clamp or clutch herein shown consists of a jaw, H, connected with lever B by a joint, i, and bearing upon one side of rod R with its toe or engaging surface h, and a loose friction dog or block, K, arranged to bear against the rod 'R at a portion thereof opposite h, and connected by a link, L, with the jaw H, as shown, so that when the latter is lifted at one end by the lever B the dog K will be tight# ened on the rod, and will prevent it from moving downward through the clutch. When the clamp is lowered so that the block K rests upon the table M, the clamp releases its hold upon the rod R and permits it to move downward.

N indicates a rather stiff coiled spring, fastened at one end in an insulating-block, n, and carrying upon its extended opposite end a contact-making block, O, adapted to make contact, when the spring is free,with an insulated contact-piece, P2. The contacts O and P2 are normally, or when the lamp is in action, held out of connection by the lever B, upon which the spring N bears, through van insulatingpiece, S, mounted on the extended end of N. The piece S is an eccentric or irregular in outline, and may be turned upon the spring so as to raise or lower the block O, and thus determine the point in the downward movement of B at which contactsO and P2shallbe closed. Block O is mounted on the end of spring N, so .that it may be turned into the position shown iu Fig. 4, and thus permit the lamp to be operated without closing the contacts O P2. Block O, when turned into such position, is held by friction.

T'indicates an artificial resistance of German silver or other suitable material, coiled upon a suitable form or support and connected at one end with a post, R, and from the latter directly with the main conductor on one side of lamp and at the other end with spring N. Contact P2 is connected with the main con,- ductor on the opposite side of the lamp, and the circuit formed through T, N, O, and P2, when O and P2 are in contact, constitutes a safety or cut-out circuit, to be closed when, through abnormal are resistance or extinction of arc, the lever B is permitted to recede by the action of gravity or a spring to a'suiiicient extent, determined by the adjustment of the parts. The resistance T serves to force current into the main-circuit coil D when the current is turned on, so as to enable coils D to lift the core C and start the lamp. A handswitch, W, serves, at pleasure, to connect Pz and R directly, and to thus short-circut the lamp.

When the lamp is out of action and no current is passing, the rod R is freed from the clutch, the carbons are in contact, and the safety or cut-out circuit is closed through T N O P2. When currentis turned on, it passes inlarge measure through coils D, the frame A, and the carbons, being forced into this path by the resistance T and the high-resistance coils E. A portion passes through coils E, but produces no effect. The currentin coils D raises core C and lever B, and at first rocks jaw H upon its point h, thus tightening the clamp upon the rod. Further movement results in lifting thevrod against `the action of gravity and forming the arc in the 4well-known Way.

At the same time the cut-out circuit is broken by the lifting of the contaets'O from P2. rllhe current in coils E increases in amount as the arc lengthens, and by tending to neutralize the magnetism of the core decreases the strength of the magnetic pull of coils D upon said core, so that the coils D finally become ineffective to raise the parts further against the action of gravity, and an arc of a certain determinate length is thus formed. As the arc lengthens by wasting of the carbons, the current in coils E still further weakens the magnetic pull upon thelever B, and gravity lowers the llatter until a slight feed is produced by the release of the clamp. In these actions the coils E exert no pull upon the parts, but the action is simply the varying action of a magnet pulling on the leverin one direction against the force of a spring or weight pulling on it in the other. If the carbons fail to feed and the arc becomes excessively long, the current in coils E will become so great that the lever B will be lowered still farther by gravity, and beyond the point at which the clutch is released, and will thus permit the spring N to close the contacts O l5"2 and cut out the lamp.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. Thel combination, in an electric lamp, of a feedregulating mechanism and a governing electro-magnet consisting of main Ycircuit coils, a movable core therefor, derived-circuit coils moving with the core, and a bell-extension from the core surrounding the main-circuit coils.

2. The combination,in an electricarc lamp, of a feed-regulating mechanism, a movable magnet-core actuated in one direction by maincircuit coils and in the other by the weight of the parts, a derived-circuit coil moving with said core, and a bell-extension surrounding the main-circuit coils.

3. The combination, in an electric lamp,of a feed-regulating lever, B, coreC, coils D in the IOO main circuit, coils carried by the core and in a derived circuit of high resistance around the carbons, and bell-extension F, as and for the purpose described.

4. The combination,in an clectriclamp,of a cut-out switch bearing on a movable portion of the regulating mechanism, and an adjustable cam or eccentric at the point of bearing.

5. The combination, in an electric lamp, of the cut-out switch and the adjustable contactpiece O, arranged in the manner described, so that it may be turned up to prevent closing of the cut-out circuit.

6. The combination, with the feed-regulating lever in an electric lamp, of the spring N, bearing on said lever and having a contact block or hammer, O, through which it may close a cutout circuit.

7. The combination, in au electric lamp, of the lever B, the core G, connected therewith and carrying derived-circuit coils, main-circuit coils D, jaw H, hung from the lever, and the loose friction dog` or block connected with thejaw by a link, as and for the purpose de` scribed.

8. The combination, in an electric lamp, of a movablemagnetcore,iixed 1nain-circuit coils, movable derived-circuit coils moving with said core, and a clutch or clamp consisting of a pivoted jaw bearing against one side of the carbon or carrier, a loose friction dog or block bearing against the opposite side of the carbon or carrier, and a connecting` link or bar, L, as and for the purpose described.

9. The combination, with the carboircarrier, of a tilting dog or jaw bearing against the carrier at the side opposite from that which the dog orjaw is fulcrurned, a friction block or piece bearing on the carrier on the side opposite to that on which the dog or jaw bears, and a connecting-link between the two parts bearing on the carrier, as and for the purpose described.

Signed at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, this 14th day i5 of January, A. D. 1884.

ADDISON G. WATERHOUSE. Witnesses:

(l1-ms. E. DUs'rIN, W. H. NEWELL.

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