US336439A

US336439A - Edward samuel

Info

Publication number: US336439A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1886-02-16
Anticipated expiration: 1903-02-16

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1..

(No. Model.)

B. SAMUEL. METHOD oF TRBATING METAL.

No. 333,439.` Patented Feb. 16, 1333;

W @MM (No Model.) v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. E. SAMUEL. METHOD 0F TREATING METAL.

No. 336.439. Patentedreb. 16,;886.

l l f l, r

` the'invention.

' l"furnace, as show 'UNITED STATES! PATENT OFFICE,- j

METHOD oF TRE ATING METALS.

sPEcIPIcA'rIoN forming 'pare of Lez-ters Patent No. 336,439, ma February 1s, 188e.

Application (leid April 550, 1885.'

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWARD SAMUEL, a

citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented an 5 Improved Method of Treat-ing Metals, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of certain improvements in the treatment of molten iron, steel, or similar metals for converting, refining, or purifying the metal, as fully described and claimed hereinafter.

My method of treatment consists in causing` the molten metal to flowfrom acupola; smelting or reducing furnace, in a wide thin stream or sheet through an unobstructed chamber, and directing lagainst the front or rear face of this sheet of molten metal a `finely-divided blast of air or other gases, in ord'erto cnt through the metal at as many points as may be' desired, in order to insure the subjectionofV V the entire stream of metal'to the action of the blasts of air or other-gases.

My invention may be carried' out in'j'dierent forms of apparatus; but in the accompany ing drawings I have illustrated constructions of apparatus which I prefer to use.

Figure 1 is avertical-section-of one ofthe apparatus. Fig. 2 is'a vertical section ontheline 1 42, h`,ig. 1,- and Fig. 3, 3o asimpler form o f apparatus'.4 for `carrying out :Referring toFig. 1,' A'is; the cupola, melting or reducing furnace, iufwhich the ore, pig, or metal in other form'is reduced to a molten conditi'on. .This furnace may-be of any deredor suitable construction, and'inthe drawings I have shown an ordinary cupola provided withltuyeres a aud-an outlet, a, through which and the conduit b the molten metal may flow-into the refining-furnace. This reiiningfurnace, as shown in' Fig. 1, consists, essen` tially, of a series of pools, -B B B-three in z the present instance-arranged one in advance of and low the other, and below the last one of the series is a receiving ladle or crncible,'l0', having a removable cover, c, and tapping' or discharge out-let. c. This crucible or ladle may itself be movable and detachable from` the* n 4inlig. 3.

B forms the bottom of a and sidewalls are a 5o Each pool B B'f chamber whose rear wallL material, which can a sectional .'view of .p

'with a valved lloppe dropped i In the back Serial N0. 162,809. (No model.)

part of the body of the structure, while the inclosingor front wall I prefer to malein one or more removable parts, D, which can be lifted 0E the supports o by any suitable means, so that ready access may be had to the interior of the furnace for purposes of repair. In the present instance I have shown the entire 'front of all the retining-chambersV as made in one piece, with a 60 metallic frame lined with any proper refractory materialv The bottom of each pool B B B2 may be made of a separable tile or block of suitable replaced whenb'urned out on lifting the inclosing-cover D; or it may be danbed up to its, proper lines, in the manner usual in forming bridge-walls of furnaces.' The front edge of each of these po hanging ledge, b2, from which the rear wall of the chamber below recedes, for the purpose 'explained hereinafter'.

Into the rear Wall of cach chamber below the first one are built ro three rows for eacli chamberbeing illustrated in the drafwings, and -these three rows communicate with a common blast-box, F', having a regulatingyalve, f. Eachfrow` of tuyeres is one or more of the tuyeres.

Iprefer to combine with each set of tuyeres a device for supplying powdered lmaterial to be blown into the molten vmetal through the ,85 said tuyeres intermixed with the blast, and for this purpose the rows of tuyeres are interrupted in front of the blast-box by a common mixing-chamber, G, provided as its upper end r,'g'r and at with a door, g', for other device admitting ofjf 'the removal of any material which mayfhave past the myers-openings, so that when desired the valve may be opened-and the material be allowed to drop into the chnm- 95 ber' G, where it is caught by tho blasts of air and carried thereby through the tuycres into the purifyinghambcn 'l part of each blast-box I provide 4a glazed opening, y h rows of tuyeres, for the purpose of enabling the operator vto watchthe entire procs with'- n the main structure '55 be readily removed and 65 ws o f tuyeres E E' E, 75

rovided with'independent sliding-gates e, to 8o regulate or cut 0H the supply of air from any g', in line-with one of the :oo

llO

e assess outdanger, and I also provide openings with l suitable covers, whereby any one or all of the tuyeres may be cleansed.

At the bottom of each of the pools B B B2 are provided in one of the side walls tappingholes h, for testing the metal at different stages, or drawing it off, and at suitable distances ,above the bottom are other openings, h', for the the top cover at any convenient part thereof.

These exit-fines. z may communicate with or opc'i into ehinineyslor nflues, as is common kin the ordinary Bessemer process.

The molten metal from the cupola, melting or reducing furnace A., flows into the rst pool, B, where it collects until it flows over its front ledge, b2, in a wide thin stream or sheet, into and through the irst purifying-chamber to the pool at the bottom thereof. In the passage of the sheet of metal through this chamber, which is unobstructed, divided blasts of air or gas from one or more of the rows of tuyeres, .at any desired pressure, are directed against the rear facefof the sheet or stream of metal, so that these divided blasts will cut through the sheet of molten metal at as many points as may-befound necessary for the desired edect. These divided blasts thus directed against the face of the sheet of falling metal will permeate `-the latter in a way which cannot be effected by an undivided blast, or one directed against the edge of the sheet of metal, or where the, metal itself is divided. 'Ihe character of the gases introduced through the tuyeres will vary with the nature of the metal to he treated and the result to be produced. In some eases carbonic acid or carbonicoxide or hydrogen or atmospheric air, or any of the gases commonly employed in the treatment of iron and steel may be employed. lIn order that the metal which may beblown against the front' Wall of the `chamber shall fall into the pool of that chamber, this `front wall is within the line of the pool, or, in other words, is behind the overhanglng edge of the pool into which it falls,

as shown in Fig. 1.` rlhe metal thus treated in the irst chamber, and which collects in the pool B', then begins to flow in a similar wide thin sheet or stream over its front edge down into and through the rst purifying-chamber, where further divided blasts of air or gases are directed against the rear face of thesheet of molten metal, if found necessary, and thence the metal flows into the collecting-chamber C, from which it may be tapped in the usual way, or the vessel itself may be removedW and the metal poured directly into molds provided.

Owing to the construction of the ehambeisV with inclined or recessed rear walls, as shown, so that the front edge of the pool immediately above overhangs the rear wall, the tuyeres are not liable to be impaired by the molten metal coming in contact with them.

Referring to Fig. 3, I have shown an apparatus of simpler form, A being the cupola, and b the conduit. Zf" is the edge over which the metal flows in a thin sheet into the ladle or Crucible C, the blast-box F being under the edge b2, and having a series of perforations. 1 have also shown the ladle C removable in this View.

The method of treatment as carried out in this apparatus also' is similar to that above 1 described--that is to say, 'the metal flows through an unobstructed chamber in awide thin; sheet, and divided` blasts of air are directed against the face of the sheet to insure the eective treatment. of the molten metal.

I am aware ofthe patent of Martien, No.'

16,690, dated February 24', 1857; but in the apparatus there shown the metal is allowed to flow along the perforated bottom of an inclined trough, so that the blast has not proper access to the metal, as in my process, and the bottom of the trough becomes burned out and its perforations choked up. F

I claim as my invention-- The method herein described of treatingv molten, metals to convert, refine, or purify them, said method consisting in causing the unobstructed chamber, and directing against the front or rear face of. this sheet of falling molten .metal-divided blasts of air or gases, substantially as described..

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWI). SAMUEL.-

Witnesses: f

W. Jl. BURNs, HARRY SMITH: p

molten metal to fallin a thin sheet through an