US3363669A - Arrangement for controlling cooling in continuous casting of metals - Google Patents

Arrangement for controlling cooling in continuous casting of metals Download PDF

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Publication number
US3363669A
US3363669A US633660A US63366067A US3363669A US 3363669 A US3363669 A US 3363669A US 633660 A US633660 A US 633660A US 63366067 A US63366067 A US 63366067A US 3363669 A US3363669 A US 3363669A
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mold
cooling means
heat
cooling
sleeve
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US633660A
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English (en)
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Alfred J Wertli
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/045—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for horizontal casting

Definitions

  • a heat-damn1ing layer is disposed between a mold for a continuous metal casting and the cooling chamber surrounding the mold. The damming layer dams the heat transmission from the mold to the cooling chamber in order to control the cooling of the metal melt. This allows the melt to be brought into the mold directly while hot.
  • the invention relates to an arrangement for continuously casting metals, particularly ferroalloys, the arrangement including at least one mold and cooling means surrounding the mold.
  • a layer damming heat transmission from the mold to the cooling means is provided between the mold and the cooling means.
  • the cooling process can be favorably influenced in a simple manner while, at the same time, the amount of the material of which the mold is made, which is usually graphite, is reduced. With the new arrangement the cost of the mold is low.
  • the favorable influence on the cooling process is particularly apparent when casting thin rods of grey iron, because, by suitable selection of the material and thickness of the heat-damming layer, the speed of solidification can be controlled between the optimal possible upper limit for continuous casting and the conventional lower limit for sand casting.
  • grey iron rods a grey solidified texture can be obtained throughout the entire cross section; the undesired white solidification is avoided.
  • the layer made of heat-damming material is arranged in the form of a sleeve between the mold and the cooling means whereby, if desired, an air space may be provided between ICC the cooling means and the sleeve for additionally affecting the cooling process.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is not limited to the provision of one mold within the cooling means, but is also applicable to arrangements for simultaneous casting of a plurality of rods.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a mold according to the invention, the section being made along line C-D of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, the section being made along line A-B of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal part-sectional view of a modified mold according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional illustration of an arrangement according to the invention having three molds.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional illustration of an arrangement according to the invention having four molds.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional illustration of an arrangement of three rod forming channels in a single mold.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional illustration of the mold of FIG. 1 connected to a horizontal continuous casting furnace.
  • a layer damming heat transmission from a open ended mold to cooling means is provided in the form of a sleeve 2 made of heat-damming material and placed betweenamold 1 and cooling means 3.
  • the mold 1 is made, for example, of graphite and a metal rod having a circular cross section in this particular case is formed from a liquid metal melt.
  • graphite other materials may be used if they have also a good heat conductivity, non-wetability by the melt, and good lubricating qualities, i.e. little friction between the between the metal rod and the mold.
  • the material of which the sleeve 2 is made has a lower coefficient of heat conductivity 7 ⁇ than the material of which the mold is made.
  • the sleeve 2 may be made of ceramic or of metal, for example, steel, grey iron, or the like.
  • the left end 5 of the mold 1 is inserted into the lower end of a horizontal-type continuous casting thermostatic furnace 34 to communicate with the hot melt 23 therein.
  • the end 5 of the mold 1 is held within a holder 24 inside the furnace 34.
  • the holder 24 which is made of ceramic material of very low heat conductive properties, such as silimanite, is fixed within the ramming 25 and wall 26 of heat insulating bricks inside the furnace 34.
  • the mold 1 passes through a surrounding insulation block 30 of heat-damming material fixed within a suitable aperture in the steel sheet 27 of the furnace 34.
  • the block 30 is formed, as with a flange, so as to be positioned between the cooling means 3 and furnace 34 in order to prevent a heat transfer from the mold 1 to the surrounding structure.
  • the cooling means 3 which is cylindrical in shape has a water inlet 31 which permits passage of cooling water into a water guiding spiral passage 33 within the cooling means 3 and a water outlet 32 which permits passage of water out of the passage 33.
  • the right end of the mold 1 abuts against a shoulder 6 in the sleeve 2.
  • the sleeve 2 is slightly conical and the bore of the surrounding cooling means is correspondingly slightly conical so that, when casting, whereby the cooling means according to FIG. 1 are pressed to the left,
  • annular recess 4 is provided in the outside of the sleeve 2 at the entire circumference thereof. This recess forms with the wall of the bore in the cooling means 3 an air space or gap which acts as an additional heat-damming layer.
  • melt 23 When casting, liquid metal from melt 23 enters the mold at the left end 5, cools and leaves the mold at the opposite end as a solidified rod 28.
  • the melt flows through a zone, for example, of 3 to 6 inches, which is well insulated to the outside by insulation block 30 so as to prevent the melt from becoming undercooled within this zone in the mold 1.
  • the melt begins to solidify in a zone 29 approximately coincident with the left end of the cooling means 3.
  • the point at which the zone 29 of solidification begins is determined by the heat damming sleeve 2.
  • the sleeve 2 also controls the continued process of solidification.
  • the sleeve 2 can be omitted in favor of an air gap which provides the same functions as the sleeve 2.
  • the solid rod 28 is gripped by a pulling mechanism, now shown, and preferably intermittently pulled away.
  • the sleeve 2 made of heat-damming material By inserting the sleeve 2 made of heat-damming material a premature solidification of the melt in the vicinity of the end 5 of the mold is prevented. Aside from this, such cooling velocity of the metal in the mold 1 is obtained that the texture of the finished rod is homogeneous and of a good quality. If, for example, a strip is cast of grey iron, the strip should have a grey solidified texture throughout its entire cross section, i.e. when cooling the melt, the carbon contained in the melt should be equally distributed and should be separated as fine graphite. This is achieved by maintaining the cooling velocity sufficiently great by suitable choice of the material and of the dimensions of the sleeve 2. By the arrangement according to the invention White solidification of the grey iron is prevented, i.e. the carbon in the melt is not separated together with iron as iron carbide. The cooling velocity is of importance also when casting metals other than grey iron and the arrangement according to the invention is also suitable for continuous casting of steel and nonferrous metals.
  • a recess 7 is provided which extends from the left end of the sleeve 2 between the sleeve and the cooling means 3. Between the recesses 4 and 7 an annular collar 8 is retained for better support of the sleeve 2 in the cooling means 3.
  • the additional recess 7 forms an air space which dams the heat flow from the mold end 5 extending into the outlet opening of the furnace, not shown, to the cooling means 3 so that a premature solidification of the melt at the inlet of the mold is particularly eifectively avoided.
  • the arrangement shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to that shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 7.
  • one cooling means 3 serves three molds 1 which are arranged on a circle in a block 9 made of heat-damming material.
  • the molds 1 are closely adjacent to the surrounding walls of respective bores in the block 9 which may be eifected by inserting the molds at a temperature which is lower than that of the block 9 in whose bores the molds are inserted whereafter the diameter of the mold increases due to heat expansion and the molds are firmly pressed onto the walls formed by the bores.
  • an additional cooling means 10 is provided which essentially consists of a tube 12 extending through a bore 11 in the block element 9. The bore 11 is closed at the end facing the furnace.
  • the tube 12 projects from the block 9.
  • the bore 11 is provided with a water inlet and the projecting end of the tube 12 is provided with a water outlet so that cooling water flows through the annular space between the bore 11 and the tube 12 into the cooling means and leaves the cooling means through the tube 12.
  • the molds 1 are substantially equally cooled at all sides which advantageously affects the solidification velocity and therefore also the texture of the metal rods in the molds.
  • air spaces 4 are provided between the cooling means 3 and the block 9 which spaces are formed by recesses in the circumference of the block 9. The recesses do not extend around the entire circumference of the block 9 but only in the neighborhood of the molds 1.
  • Protuberances 13 are provided separating the air spaces 4.
  • four molds 1 are provided in one cooling means 3. They are arranged on a circle in a block of heat-damming material. This block is subdivided into three segments 14, 15 and 16 in the direction of the axes of the molds. The four molds 1 are arranged in pairs between the segments 14, 15 and 15, 16. Spaces are provided between the segments which act as heat-damming air spaces 17, 18. The three segments are connected by counter-sunk bolts, not shown. In the center of the circle on which the four molds are placed an additional cooling means is provided in the same manner as in the arrangement shown in FIG. 4. If desired, in the arrangement shown in FIG. 5 recesses similar to those shown in FIG. 4 may be provided in the segments in order to form air spaces or gaps between the segments and the cooling means 3 in the neighborhood of the molds.
  • one mold 1 is associated with cooling means 3, the mold being provided with three channels 19 arranged on a circle.
  • a metal rod forms in each of the channels 19.
  • a sleeve 2 made of heat-damming material is provided between the mold 1 and the cooling means 3.
  • Cooling means 10' are located in the interior of the mold 1 which cooling means comprise concentric tubes 21 and 22.
  • the outer tube 21 is in intimate contact with the wall of a bore in the center of the mold. The end of this central bore facing the furnace is closed; also closed is the corresponding end of the outer tube 21.
  • the corresponding end of the inner tube 22, however, is open so that a coolant can be admitted through the interior tube 22 and removed through the annular space between the inner tube 22 and the outer tube 21.
  • heat-damming air spaces or gaps may be provided between the sleeve 2 and the cooling means 3 similar to the air spaces of the arrangement shown in FIG. 4.
  • the invention is not limited to arrangements for horizontal continuous casting, but may also be used for vertical continuous casting.
  • At least one open ended mold projecting from said furnace and having a longitudinal bore communicating with the interior of said furnace for passage of liquid metal from said furnace thereinto;
  • a cooling means surrounding said mold outside of said furnace for cooling of the liquid metal in said mold to a solidified rod
  • a heat-damming layer interposed between said mold and said cooling means for damming heat transmission from said mold to said cooling means.
  • a combination as defined in claim 2 comprising an air gap arranged between said cooling means and said sleeve and being coextensive with at least a portion of said cooling means for additionally damming heat transmission from said mold to said cooling means.
  • said layer is a block element and wherein a plurality of molds are disposed in said block element, each said mold having a longitudinal bore communicating with the interior of said furnace for passage of liquid metal thereinto whereby said cooling means cools the liquid metal in each said mold to a solidified rod.
  • said block element is divided to form a plurality of block segments, said molds being placed between said segments in spaced relation to form air gaps between said segments for additionally damming heat transmission from said molds to said cooling means.
  • said mold includes a plurality of parallel channels therein for receiving liquid metal from said furnace and conducting the metal in a plurality of rods through said mold while the metal is solidified by cooling.
  • a combination as defined in claim 1 having an insulation block of heat damming material disposed between said furnace and said mold and cooling means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
US633660A 1963-06-20 1967-04-06 Arrangement for controlling cooling in continuous casting of metals Expired - Lifetime US3363669A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH770263A CH403171A (de) 1963-06-20 1963-06-20 Anordnung zum Stranggiessen von Metallen

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US3363669A true US3363669A (en) 1968-01-16

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US (1) US3363669A (de)
JP (1) JPS4927930B1 (de)
AT (1) AT249897B (de)
CH (1) CH403171A (de)
GB (1) GB1000845A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5388522U (de) * 1976-12-08 1978-07-20
US4450893A (en) * 1981-04-27 1984-05-29 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Method and apparatus for casting metals and alloys
EP0164926A3 (de) * 1984-06-04 1986-08-20 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Horizontal-Strangguss-Maschine zum Giessen von geschmolzenem Metall in eine Mehrzahl von Gussmetallformen
US4724897A (en) * 1986-03-24 1988-02-16 Press Technology Corporation Method of and apparatus for horizontal continuous casting
US4730659A (en) * 1984-01-25 1988-03-15 Imi Refiners Ltd. Casting apparatus
US4736789A (en) * 1978-07-28 1988-04-12 Kennecott Corporation Apparatus and method for continuous casting of metallic strands at exceptionally high speeds using an oscillating mold assembly
US20110120665A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2011-05-26 Showa Denko K.K. Molten metal pouring nozzle and continuous molding device

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT321484B (de) * 1970-04-03 1975-04-10 Alfred Adamec Ing Kokille für den Anbau einem Warmhalteofen bzw. an ein Metallaufnahmegefäß
JPS5160789U (de) * 1974-11-06 1976-05-13
DE2948490C2 (de) * 1979-12-01 1986-12-04 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Stranggießkokille zum Mehrfachstranggießen von Drähten und Strängen mit kleinen Querschnitten aus Metall
DE4219335A1 (de) * 1992-06-10 1993-12-16 Mannesmann Ag Mehrfach-Horizontalstranggießanlage und Verfahren zu ihrem Betrieb

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US657610A (en) * 1900-07-07 1900-09-11 William Mitchell Ice-cream mold.
US967830A (en) * 1909-12-17 1910-08-16 Winfield S Potter Production of castings.
US1828335A (en) * 1929-04-26 1931-10-20 Paper & Textile Machinery Comp Centrifugal casting method
US1988258A (en) * 1932-07-27 1935-01-15 Jenkins Bros Valve
US2281718A (en) * 1938-08-05 1942-05-05 John T Scully Method of casting metal ingots and apparatus therefor
US2672665A (en) * 1950-03-13 1954-03-23 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Casting metal

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US657610A (en) * 1900-07-07 1900-09-11 William Mitchell Ice-cream mold.
US967830A (en) * 1909-12-17 1910-08-16 Winfield S Potter Production of castings.
US1828335A (en) * 1929-04-26 1931-10-20 Paper & Textile Machinery Comp Centrifugal casting method
US1988258A (en) * 1932-07-27 1935-01-15 Jenkins Bros Valve
US2281718A (en) * 1938-08-05 1942-05-05 John T Scully Method of casting metal ingots and apparatus therefor
US2672665A (en) * 1950-03-13 1954-03-23 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Casting metal

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5388522U (de) * 1976-12-08 1978-07-20
US4736789A (en) * 1978-07-28 1988-04-12 Kennecott Corporation Apparatus and method for continuous casting of metallic strands at exceptionally high speeds using an oscillating mold assembly
US4450893A (en) * 1981-04-27 1984-05-29 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Method and apparatus for casting metals and alloys
US4730659A (en) * 1984-01-25 1988-03-15 Imi Refiners Ltd. Casting apparatus
EP0164926A3 (de) * 1984-06-04 1986-08-20 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Horizontal-Strangguss-Maschine zum Giessen von geschmolzenem Metall in eine Mehrzahl von Gussmetallformen
US4724897A (en) * 1986-03-24 1988-02-16 Press Technology Corporation Method of and apparatus for horizontal continuous casting
US20110120665A1 (en) * 2007-12-18 2011-05-26 Showa Denko K.K. Molten metal pouring nozzle and continuous molding device
US8776863B2 (en) * 2007-12-18 2014-07-15 Showa Denko K.K. Molten metal pouring nozzle and continuous molding device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT249897B (de) 1966-10-10
CH403171A (de) 1965-11-30
JPS4927930B1 (de) 1974-07-22
GB1000845A (en) 1965-08-11

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