US336203A - Distkic - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-rSheet 1.

G. A. BELL.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING, REPRODUGING, AND REGORDING SPEECH.

No. 336,203. \fi Patented PebQlfi, 1886.

9m 4 w th e s 88 s Inventor flaw MAT (No Model.) A 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. C. A. BELL.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING, REPRODUGING, AND RECORDING SPEECH.

336,203. Patented Feb. 16, 1886-.

A to ci w m 511" 1 9 R 4 2 i1 [MIX .aej cg I Pig 1 NHWI-IH w a H A E N Vfitnessea EJ822501 ww Ag (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. O. A. BELL.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING, REPRODUGING, AND

- RECORDING SPEECH.

No. 336,203. Patented Feb. 16, 1886.

. Tho gsresont invention itiii'i-iDD Oiliiifl APPARATUS FOR TiiANSltil'i'TlNG, iiEPiiGDlJ'ClNG, AND RECORDiNG SPEECH.

SPECIZHGATEQN forming Application filled Mo. 1, 188-5.

gmrt of Letters; Patent. No. 336,203, dated Fobruary 16, 1886 1 forth in the foilowmg; snecithe appiinw of t, rmin This invention i8 base-Si tion or tiisnovery and applio propertiro finids (gases or f 4 3) issuing. fifzill contrnoteti orifices nniier ore-that is to say, of finiiis, in the form ofgw ts,

was known prior to my invention that jets were ramble prodnning noisaes, and. also, under li 'UlJiiiLlUlM, oi' ro iponding 651 iii fiber of sounds; but piionomooa 'EGil? of sun, riiic interest only oonip ises methods anti appnrntnsmb'eroby vionsly known properti othezs as Iboiievo, by myneit, or bo opplintif to uoefnl purge-ms. ant-e to the uniinlsitory anotionoill company nriioniato abio to for t, Lion of mom simol'e v fore be ntiiizohave fonts, I

giro-duo onoftbe oonsi'itnto or no t of noms'n orroprotinoti therestroyirig their: and LL. tns r o merit of tiiojet for tiara mostiinpnmnntp veilizfifi. In ordar tout at be brought J vibrations. tor this nouns tine L be emp oyed. When nij under suitable preoonroi constructed oritioe, itmoy through 22. certain iiistznoe as a jet is destroyed by brer If sonorons'vibrotions beinipressed upon it at or near the point where it. issues from the orifice, they will pass through the whole length or" the jet substantially without. loss of character, and can be dnringuny part of their course talaon off or use i to impress tbnmsoivon-npon :isnitable vibratory medium, wiiiob *eriiltiins be thrown into nonorons vibrations onliotontially similar-in form. The thus servi g as a medium or gmrt of a chain for the transmission or translation of sonorons vibrations without destruction-of quality. It is found, moreover, that nu lor' snitablo-conditions the riorotiono which are thus im- 65 ported: to thejot near its origin; are at a. point more distant from tire origin and near where tnejet'xviii break up into dropsfmore eiiicieut as a means for impressing sonorons vibrations of tiles-nine ohm-actor or other bodies or vibran tory: media than they are close to the point of original disturbance. In such a jet there foro we have a means for actunllyztinplifying tine sonorons vibrations, and thus can use it,

not merely as a. part of the chain through which snob vibrations can be transmitted; but

on efiioieut membor for increasing tljoir practical Heat. 1 make use of this property develop by suitablecont-rivonces,

some of iiiilflii I will. hereinafter describe) byplocing tiiojet somewhere in the line of communication between the transmitting and the receiving; operator, and; fi'tilkiiflg nonorons vi-1 brat-ions to pass through it, For the some pnr oose 1' place it at tho transmitting-station,- wiiere it wiii. con-atitnite a portibn of the trans mitting-instrnmnnt. its use is not limited,

box-rover. to any one particular positiom and it may therefore be placed for the same puranywhere between the transmitting-0pomtor the roeniving oporator ns, for exlo, in nonnrotion with an instrument which is one-a a receiver and transmitter, and thus fora-n21 a sort of relay.

The vibrations to be transmitted can be im= preaoeil nponit in many ways. The orifie or veosei. containing the fluid issuing iiia jet from it, or the jet itself, may be agitated by the sonorons waves produced directly by the voioe acting upon it. It may be agi-tatecl by in: termittent or nnrlnlnt'ory onrrents of electricity. It may be agitated mechanically by a.

phonograpltrecord in motion.- The sonorous vibrations of the jet may be taken off and caused to impress themselves upon the next piece of mechanism orlinlt in thechainfof transmission, also in various other ways; If

the jet or a suitable portion of it form part of an electrical circuit, variations in the jet will vary the resistance of that circuit, and thus produce electric undulations, which may be utilized on the spot or at a distance by means of well-known telephonic instruments. The jet may be allowed to fall upon a diaphragm, which it willthrow into corresponding sonor'ous vibrations. It may be allowed to strike upon a suitablynrranged and inclosed mass of air or tube, which it will throw into sonorous vibrations. These sonorous vibrations, whether of diaphragm, tube, or air, may be employed to create the sensation of sound on the spot, or they may be made to impress themselves upon devices for the transmission and reproduction of the same vibrations at a distance. r

it might be well to state that when I speak ofsonorous vibrations ofajet, I do not mean to be understood as saying that the jet vibrates from side to side like a vibrating spring. I refer to any kind of sonorous vibrations or tremor which is propagated through the jet, so that being received at one end it makes itself felt at the other. When a jet of circular cross-section strikes an object under the proper conditions, the fluid spreads out in a thin film or sheet, which is for a cerrain distance continuous like the jet itself. This film or sheet while it is continuous, has, I find, the property, of responding to sonorous vibrations, and of transmitting them without destruction of their form. The vibrations are transmitted to the sheet or film from the body of thejct, and they are magnified in the transmission the same as when carried along the nearlycylindrical portion ofthejet. ll wish it therefore to be understood that the utilization 02' such a sheet or film having the properties of a jet is within the invention.

tended to include, but, on the contrary, to

' speech or other sounds.

exclude, as being foreign to the invention, the use of a manometric dame, such as Koenigs, for responding to the undulations of \Vhen such a flame is used as the trausmitteref a pbotophone,

sounds wo'uld no doubt be transmitted to a distance, and then be repreduce-ti. The flame, however, operates by the variations in its radiant energy or illuminatingtpower due to the variable supp-iv of illuminating-gas, and not In this season at all on the principle of my jets. I may also observe thatit is not intended to inelnde,'but to excl'uda'the use of a column of heated air rising from an ordinary flame to act upon a thermal battery or generator of electricity placed at one sideof the same, and to produce electric undulations in atelephonic circuit connected with said battery when said column.

in the flame itself.

Jets, like all bodies, have a certain fundamental tone,which is dependent upon the size of the jet-orifice and the pressure upon the fluid behind it, being higher as the orifice is smaller and the pressure greater. For the transmission of articulate speech the jet should be pitched in the higher register which corresponds to the overtones ofthevoice.- Although the jet has a fundamental tone, it is capable of responding with nearly equal readi11ess,when the pressure is not too great, to all sounds of a certain range,which may be made to include those used in speaking. Practically the adjustment can readily be obtained by controlling-the flow through thesupplytube, so as to regulate the pressure of thejet-liquid, the coo essary indications being furnished by listening to the efi'ect produced. A circular jetorificc from one one-hundredth i to "three one-hundredtbs' (Q of an inch in diameter, or even a smaller or larger orifice, may be used. Dimensions and proportions found to be use ful will be set forth below.

Lhave described the sonorous' vibrations as traveling lengthwiseof the jet. \Vhile this propagation is very desirable in most cases, in

order to increase t-heefi'ect by reason of the increase in the vibrational movements which take place as the vibrations travel outward from thejet-orifice, yet I do not limit myself altogether to the propagation of sonorous vibrations by this operation. si'ncein some forms ofjet-translating apparatus devised by me the operation is different.

So far the description has related to'tho reprodu tion or transmission of articulate speech; but it is evident that the same methods and apparatus are adapted to the repro duction of sounds generally. The same capacities of jets can also be used for the transmission of vibrations which did not originally exist as sound. For example, the scratching ofa suitable part of thejet apparatus would throw the jet into vibrations which would produce a sound; but theiuitial cause was the direct vibration of said part, and not the copying of sound-waves (atmospheric vibrations) as in the reproduction of sound.

Certain of my methods of and apparatus for transmitting or translating vibrations by little, open it wider.

orifice to be in the end ofa tube.

is that the jet apparatus is much more sensitive to sounds uttered at a distance from the instrument.

In order to prevent the passage of air-bub.- bles or particles of solid matter to the jet-tube E, a filter, l, is placed in the supply pipe or tube G.

Water is preferred as the jet-liquid. With this liquid the pressure or head (measured from the lower'end of the jet-tube to the surface of the liquid in the reservoir H) should, to get the best efi'ect. be that of a column of about forty-nine (4.9) inches, the j et-orifice being about twenty-eight thousandths %%U) of.

an inch in diameter. The smaller the orifice the less should be the pressure. It is preferred that the jet-orifice shouldbe a circular opening in a thin plate.

The best mode I have devised of making the jet-tube practically is as follows: Take a fusible glass tube three-sixteenths of an inch in internal diameter, with sides about one-thirty-second of an inch thick and upwards of four (4) inches in length. Heat it at an intermediate point-say two (2) inches from the end; draw it out; out it off at a point where the glass is thinsay when the tube is one sixteenth of an-ineh in diameter; grind 0d the end square; heatun'til the glass is softened and the sides collapse. Theuwithdraw. and when cool the tube is ready for use.

Glass is preferredforthe jet-tube; but metal.

hard rubber, amber, steatite, or other material may be used. It is not necessary for thejet- It may be in the bottom or side of any suitable vessel or receptacle.

To adjust the instrument, see that the continuous portion of the jet strikes upon the diaphragm when a loud sound is produced in. its

' neighborhood. Then place the telephone Xto' the ear, and raise or lower the reservoir H until agood articulation is secured. If the high tones are not brought out, raise the'reservoir; if the low tones, lower it a little. The transinitting-telephone canbe .adjusteilto increase or diminish the loudness. It the articulation is not loud enough, lower the telephone;-if indistinct or rattling, raise it. The adjustment ot'thejet tube would answer the same purpose. The diaphragm of the trans mitting-telephone would ordinarily be from three to five inches below thc-jet-orifice, depending on the size rt the jet.

The effect of varying the height of the res ervoir, which is simply to vary the pressure on the liquid at the jet orifice, can be obtained by throttling more 'or less the flow of the liquid. Thus in Figs. 2 and 3a cock, K, is shown as provided for this purpose. It the pressure he too great, close it partially; if too Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, the vibratory plate or sounding-board is supported at its upper and lower edges by ledges or projections C, so that it is separated by a slight distance from the back board. Preferably pieces D,of

rubber, felt, on like material, are placed between the vibratory plate and the ledges or projections G, in order to prevent or lessen the transmission of vibrations to it from the back board, The plate on its face is grooved vertical] y in the middle, and in the groove is placed the glass jet-tube E, which is somewhat longer than the plate, so as to project beyond it at top and bottom. The tube is held in the groove by buttons F, which are turned over the, tube. These buttons allow the ready removal, replacement,.and adjustment of the tube.

In the supply-pipe G, leading from the elevated reservoir H, in addition to the spring cock or valve 6 and filter I, is a cock, K, for

so adj usted that thejet from the former, E, plays upon the center of the diaphragm, and that the said diaphragm is in the continuous part of the stream not far from the point where, it'alloweo to fall freely, it would otitselfb'e broken up intodrops under the influence of thegreatest disturbance to which it is likely to be sub jectcd.

In Fig. 2 the tube L conveys the sound-waves produced in the confined air by the varyingimpact of the jet upon the membrane M into the space in front of the diaphragm Q. The stretched wire Bis attached inany ordinary or suitable way to the center ot'this diaphragm, opposite'the mouth of tube L. v

S is a hearing-tube, for, enabling the person using the telephone to receive messages transmitted mechanically from the distant station over the line-wire R.

In Fig. 3 theline-wireR is connected with the vibratory plate B, sothat the vibrations of the wi're are communicated to the jet aud'th rough it and the diaphragm M are transmitted to the air in ihe'tubeL. The flexible tube N conveys The vithe sounds to the ear of the listener. brations of the plate B,imparted to it by sounds in the neighborhood, or by other means, are transmitted along the wire to the distant Statiou. Thus this apparatus, like that of Fig. 2, is both transmitter and receiver; but, unlike that it TCCQlzYQS through the jet instead of trans mitt'ing through it, and transmits instead of receives in the ordinary way. I The apparatus at the distant station or stations may be duplicates of those shown in Figs. 2 and 3; but it is not essential that they should be such. It it be desired to equip a line with both jet-receivers and jet-transmitters, this can easily be done. The jet receiver of Fig. 3 may receive vibrations communicated through the stretched wire from the jet-transmitter of Fig. 5 Y

. draw ilown she arm The hearing-wise 5:3,. I supported on the end use. The weight m" this 3, is i in not in $5 euiileea springffl, aricl elese the coal: a ea as to shut ofi'ihe flow. When the tube 5% is removal, the spring opens the @001: and siliowe the jet to resume itsaeiion.

It is evient that the sound-conveyi ug' tubes of Figs. 2 and 3 can be extended and form a speaking-tribe of any convenient length, the stretched wire 01' stretched wire arid em- 'phragm Q being omitted 01 mi deeired.

In Fig. 2there are reelly Ewe iines fi sis. the sound -c0nveying tube L, 3, 3220241, the stretched wire 1%, which mam thrown into vibration indirectly by rhe soueals conveyed through the former. The wire may, however,

be vibrated (ii re'etly. she WE in Fig. 3", where in the jei; plays directly 3}}013 tine buitonin center of the diaphragm Q, Willi which slie wire R is eonneated. In this ilie jeitube E ii v horizontal insteafi' of veriiiial am], as in Fig- 1, it is perpenfiimilm' inster er" parallel to the plane of the vibratory plate P is a pipe for :arrying eff the Water. The other parts are as beiore described. The apparatus 0f 3 is iiheeeme lie iiiat of Fig, 3, except iiiliifii the vibratory rize 33 is fastened at the upgenerifi onlyffiii a block, (3", instead of air bath eerie, arid that the jemnfie is secured thereto by staples; else. that the bribe L is fastened by strape insieiid of by humans.

tions cf eleetric-teleplwne lines, and

In Fig. 4 streteliecijwire and telepnene line of previsus figures is replaced by a body of'liquid ccmfined'in a pipe, T, and communieating with the jetliquid. The l/iblaiilflilii from the disiani station impressed span we liquiil by the seized-wares striking" against a diaphragm; 25, in the bell-meuiiii 26, are transmitted through the liquid the pipe T, and throw the jab m the receiving-station into vibrations. These are rendered audible in the i'ube N. It is evident shat the tube N may also contain a liquid, and also that it may be extended to any suitable distance; alsmiiiat the arrangement shown wsuid. egierate with gases (air, for example) as well 2.3 i'rit i; iiqf uids... QSeeFig. 12.)

In transmiiiing sounds t rough fluids, and specially tlimugh liquids, ibis desirable to use piges of metal 0r glass, or other hard elastic materialieiiice sofa material-each as rubber. very remiiiy aiiserbs E118: vlbraiicme.

In Fig. 5 the jet aeie to vary the pressure qf eleetrorlee in constant eoniact; or, in lei-her wortls, the jei; plays apuri'iiiie very ligh'ifpreferaifiy miea) diaphragm ofa'f centaet-telepiwne or batbery-trariemiiterfw. The electrodes are show 11' includezl in a local circuit with the leaf;- tery and primary of an induet-ion-coil, "While the eecemlary oi iiie-iniluesisimoil and the telephone-weaver- X are included in i'h main line. This is the usual arrangemenli a5 am- ,5 there fore Shawn. @Tniier known or suitable arrange mente esuid be iiilei'iteil. in this figure m e is attached in the free eyed 0% lightep'ring, Y, 01 the flat lrim'l. 'fflzeeprin is piz-evii'leai with an armature which bears very ligliaiy upau pale 0f permanent magnet .Z,' '{)l-Vlfl%fi ii .-a bobbin 0n iis polepie-se. Jr 1 ions or vibrations in the bobbin threw L e jet into corresponding VibZZi'LiGllS, am: iii ie m: be received as souml through ii L be M.

It is 05 that the jet could be macie' to imp-art 2 320128 b0 i' illiv operative devices (if other telepheu transmitters,- mid eoulcl be thrmi n 3121510 viii auimi 212;. may ef tie lmowii fQE'fi-iii ei'teieplmne-reeei ver; er, more broadly, thzili ii eeiilil -30 vibraze 0r maid he viliraiei lag "Fwy .llflivi: er suitable mews for trziiieiicirziiin plierie or i'lieelianical into eleeirieal i aliens, or idi-rziusiorm the kw tei inw the ir It is 0bvi0i1s,'ale0, iina-b sliag'i email ripen. by the receiver edulli 0perzz'fe transmitter, and thus firm part of a, tele ili 21y.

' e ins-firm sliewn in Figs. 3, e, and 6 eerieiilereri as relaysyreprefliiemg the iriiue -i'atecl iiillfillgil (me mm (the lube iiqniil ofpipe T, Fig. 4, or circiii' in Fig. 6) into a nebller,

(ilie eJi 1g N in 3.1 16: figures.) As elm reprerlueeil vibrations; me wheelie Gert distance-(Elie length It is also obvious the i cenfineii air in tube 1 byaiiyiustrir i upen by vibra' ti0n--ae, for example, any e niechemical 0r electric, having 'L-lie phrzigm in she pesiiimi of tile-.12 marked Q, "E iii'er, the jet eclialil apex-aw diiremv u firzmsriiiite're.

1 1m iii a instriuneuie herein'beibre iieaerineli i'hejeo iziriie is carried. by a vibratory supgiorfi. B, anrongli wliiela vibrations are cemmunieat oil be thejetiube muijet; but this is not essemi-a1, vibrations may be communiz eieri dir-ee zly ta lihejelrtube or to thejet, in :i meeiizmieail ielepnmi'e the stretched; wire could. be err-10112:? Feet/l3; jeii-bube El, it practically le L1. The vibrations could. be coilimuuicated elri'ectly to bliejei by ssumis uttered or produeerl. in She neighberlieoii t llersof, and these sounds eeukl be rii'recrtecl' orconeeri'nmtecl by imnel or lieliirwut-h. 30, Fig. 8, as; or shartly miter leave-. 1 e erificein the jet-tube. A. preferred, arrange .zuenl; ie shown for example, in Fig-i. 1 .8".

in Fig, ilfwizere 'ahajeb is ineiesed in a glass tube, 31, and she beil-mmith 50 riemmuuicates provided.

KOO

, by iiwai'ezising Fig. showst-he jet'applied to vibrate a mirror, 37?,upon which, a beam of light or other radiant; beam is allowed to fall. The beam is thus thrown into corresponding vibrations; which may be rendered andible'by any suitable photophouic reeeivernvith or without the introduction of electricity.

In Fig. 11 the radiant beam is concentrated by a. reflector, 39, upon the jet-tube E, which is coated with lamp-black at 38, so as to absorb the radiant energy. This receiver may be used with thetransmittcr shown in Fig. 10, or with other photophonie transmitter. It is preferred to use-air or other gas with this in strument. vThe jetplays upon the end ofa metal tube, L, in which a small-orifice is provided. The tube is adjusted-so that the orifice 1 8: in'tlic axis of thejct.v The jet communicates its vibrations to the air confined in the tube L and the sound-conveying tube N, which communicates with the tube L. To prevcnt'thc air blowing into the ear of the listener, the bell-mouth at the end of the tub N is provided with a diaphragm, 50.

The air. to be'supplied to the jet-tube may be compressed by any suitable means which yield a constant or approximately constantprcssnrc, notwithstaudi tn; the constant escape. The means shown in Fig. 12, for example, maybe used. The apparatus shown in this figure istobe usr-dat' one end of a speaking tube, 1, a similar apparatus being used at the opposite end. Compressed air or gas, under pressure, is supplied to the tube T from. the collapsible bag titl'through the tube (l. A weight. til, on top of the bag,creates the'press nre. The bug is filledwhen exhaustedor whenever desired by means of the bellows 62,

having its nozzle-connected with a prolongation of the tube (l. 'The air escapes in ajet from the orifice in tube E,-\vhich communicates with the tube T. Thejet plays upon the pert'orated end of the tube L, and thesouuds are conveyed to the ear otthclist'ener through the tube The tube T is provided at the end with a bell mouth, 26, closed by a diuphrz-igm,

On talking, to the diaphragm 2-3 at either end of the t ube'l the lattcrimprcsses its vibrations upon the-confined air, which in turn throws the jets at both ends of the line into vibrations corresponding thereto. These vibrations are in turn communicated through the contined air of tubes L N to diaphragnts 50 and the cars of the listeners. It is found that a pressure equal to three-sixteeuths of an inch of water behind the jet-orifice gives good results, the orifice being about [our hundred and twentythrcc ten thousaudths 3, of an inch in diameter, and thctubc upon which the airjct plays having an orifice of, say, one

' VlICllllll'l.

twenty-fifth of an inch in diameter, 'auu being distant from the jet-orifice one inch or thereabout. Oi course these figures are varia ble.-

Instead of duplicating the apparatus at the distant station other suitable transmitting anti receiving apparatus maybe used thcrcat.

In Fig. 13 the jet plays npont-he diaphragm M oi'an Edison phonograph..jll-hejct, as show u, is adapted to respond to vi 'rations passing along the stretched wire Rpbut it may evidently'be vibrated in any suitable way. Speech or other sound may thus be recorded.

It is evident that thejct may be used to reproduce recordedspeechyalso, that it could be used in rendering soundvibrations visible by means of a suitable instrument, such as a phouautograph.

In Fig. 13 the a iparatus is designed for use with a liquid jet, butit may evidently be moditied for use with a gas jet.

in all the foregoing, except the apparatus shown in Figs. 11 and 12, wherein it acts upon confined air, the jet has been allowed to act upon a solid body, and the vibrations of said body have been conveyed through a body of confined air or other line, such as a stretched wire, electric current, radiant beam, and the like; but neither-of these conditions is essentia Thejct may act upon fiuids,an d the vibrations may be received through the atmosphere. Sounds (including articulate speech) may be so magnified as to be audible over a room in which the receivinginstrument is placed.

In Figs. 14 and loan air jet from the tube E plays upon a gas-flame, 70. Prcferably'the burner 71 is of the pin-hole kind, and is arranged with the axis of its i'iame perpendicir lar to the direction of the air jet. The jet be ing produced under the conditions stated with reference to Fig. 12, and the burner having a circular orifice about the size of the jet-orifice, the comlnistible gas (ordinarily illuminating gas) may issue therefrom under a pressure of one-eighth (l) of an inch ofwater, and the jet may'bcar upon the flame just below the apex of the fine or inner cone,

In the case of-gas (air) jets it is found desirable to exclude the outer part of the jet and allow the center only to act upon the device to be acted upon. This is effected in the apparatus shown in Fig.12 by the shape and size of the end of the tube L. With theapparatus of Figs. 14 and 'ltithe separation is of course not effected. in Fig. 14: the jet is vibrated by the varying attraction'of an electro-magnet, Z, as in Fig. 6. In Fig. the vibrations are communicated to the jet-fluid by means of a diaphragm, 25, as in Figs. 4 and 12. Thejet might also be vibrated by impressing the vibrations upon the supportingiplate B. The jets can be iuclosed in a vacuum or partial Thus in the apparatus shown in Fig. 3", where thejet is in an iuclosed chamber, thc'air may be withdrawn therefrom through the pipe 3?, the pressure of the Water to supply the jet being regulated to compensate for being the best embodiment of the invention.

'A large number of fluids may be used to make the jet; but water, free from particles in suspension, among liqnido. and air among gases, are suitable for general purposes, When a gas is used, it may be desirable, in order to secure adjustment, to render the jet visible, as by the introduction oi'snzolie.

Having now fully described my enid invention and the mannerol" cnri'ylng the same into effect, what I claim isi. in the reproduction of speeeb. the improvement consisting in translating from one vibratory medium to another, through e. jet, sonorous vibrations similar form to the son aid-waves oi'the spoken wordsmibstantially as described.

The method oftranelnting from one medium to another vibratione similar in form to sound-waves, by impressing the vibrations of the former upon a'jetend causing thejet toinr press the some-without destruction of their form upon the second medium, snbstantinlly as described.

in the reproduction of speechond other sounds, the improvement consisling iota-ens luting or transferring the sonorous vibrations of one medium into another through a hold J t, substantially as described.

4. The method of transmitting; speech and other sounds by throwing upon 2. line sonoron-s the 'sonorous vibrations of one line to another through 2. vibratory j'et, substantially no described.

'i. he method of zen-reducing speech and other sounds by impressing corresponding vibrations upon a jet, causing the letter to ininrese upon the atmosphere vibrations simil'ir 1 form thereto. whereby vibrntions are rendered audible, substantially described.

9. The method of transferring the vibrotions of a jet to a vibratory medinin,wl1'ereby the some may he made evident by receiving the impact of the continuous portion of the jet upon it vibratory body constituting or connected with said medium, substantially as described. all). The method Qflhmwing ajet into vibrations corresponding to sound-waves by impressing similar vibrations upon the device or material in which tliojet-orifice is formed, substantially as described. 11. The improvement in transmitting intelligence consisting in impressing upon ajet vibrations representing the message or signal to be transmitted, and causing the said jet to act upon a. vibratory medium connected with or forming part of the line, substantially as described.

12. The improvement in transmitting intelligence consisting in throwing upon a. line vibrations representing the message or signal to be trensmittedend causing the said vibrations to impress themselves upon a jet,whieh acts upon the receiving medium, substantially no described.

The improvement in transmitting in telligence consisting in throwing upon a. line vibrations representing the message or signal to be transmitted, causing the said vibrations to impress themselves upon a. jet,and causing the said jet to act upon a vibratory medium conno :ed with or forming part of a second line or constituting continuation of the former. substantially as described.

14-. The improvement in transmitting intelligence consisting in acting over one line upon the fluid of a jet and ceasing the latter to act upon another line or continuntionofthe former line, substantially as described.

15. The combination, with. a line for the transmission oi intelligence, of a. jetl-transiletiug zippnrzituee tholiis to say. provided with a jet-orifice. and n passage or chamber for supplying fluid under pressure to said oriflee,- and further provided with means for verying or responding to variations in said jet-- .enbstentinlly as described.

second device or eonfinedmiedium the moveone portion of the jet produced, substantially as described.

20. In an apparatus or system for transinitting speech and other sounds,a small stretched membrane of flexible elastic and extensiblematerialsuch as soft vulcanized thin" sheetrubber-in combination with means for concentrating the impressing vib ations in .the center of such membrane, substantially as de'' scribed.

21. A jet'translating apparatus provided with al jet-orifice, a passage or chamber for supplying fluid under pressure to said orifice, and means. for subjecting a vibratory medium to the actionof the jet fromsaid orifice,- said apparatus having the parts arranged, as, explained, so that the vibratory medium to be impressed will be acted upon by the c0utinujet, substantially usde' scribed.

22. The combination, with devices for pro:

ducing ajet and impressing vibrations therenpon,of isolating means for excluding the influence of foreign vibrations on said jet, substantially as described.

23. In a jet-translating apparatus, the jet-- tube. in combination with a vibratory support by which the same is carried, substantially as described.

24. The combination, with a vibratory plate or diaphragm, of a' jet-tube carried thereby, substantially as described.

25. The combination,- with the means. for producing a jet and imparting vibrations thereto, of a sound conveying-tube and a membrane or diaphragm at one end of said tube in the path of the jet, substantially as described.

26. The combination, with the means for producing a jet and imparting vibration thereand the jet-tube carried thereby with the means for receiving and conveying the vibrations of said jet, substantially as described.

28. The combination, with the jet-tube and means for supplying fluid thereto, ofi an automatic cock iii the supply pipe provided with retracting means, such as a spring, for actuating the same when released, substantially as described.

29. The combination of a vibratory plate, a jet-tnbe'ca-rried thereby, a sound-conveying tube, and a membrane or diaphragm at the end of said tube-in the path ofthe jet, sub

stantiallv as described.

' 30. Thesound-conveyingtubehaving athin membrane of elastic materialsuch as asheet of rubber-stretched over the end, in combination with means for causing a sensitive jet to play on said membrane, substantially as described.

31. A. transmitter of sonorons vibrations containing a fluid jet for amplifying tl'ie'sarne without substantial loss of character, as set forth.

3'2. In an apparatus for transmitting sonorons vibrations by means of a fluid jet, the combination. with thejet-tubeof such apparatus and the tube for. supplying liquid to saidjettube, of afilter for removing bubbles or solid particles from the jetdiqnid, substantially as described. a

33. The automatic cock and switch comprising, in combination, a-cock or valve,.an 0perating-arm provided with a. hook or fork at the end, a retractile spring, and electrical contacts, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of .two subscribing witnesses.

' CHIOHESTER 'A. BELL. Witnesses: 1

C. J. 'HEDRICK, PHILL MAURO.

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