US3360435A - Treatment of depressed states - Google Patents

Treatment of depressed states Download PDF

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US3360435A
US3360435A US457837A US45783765A US3360435A US 3360435 A US3360435 A US 3360435A US 457837 A US457837 A US 457837A US 45783765 A US45783765 A US 45783765A US 3360435 A US3360435 A US 3360435A
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phenylindene
dimethylaminoethyl
hydrochloride
reserpine
ethyl
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US457837A
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Kandel Alexander
Lish Paul Merrill
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Mead Johnson and Co LLC
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Mead Johnson and Co LLC
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Priority to US457837A priority Critical patent/US3360435A/en
Priority to GB28248/65A priority patent/GB1041989A/en
Priority to IL23869A priority patent/IL23869A/en
Priority to ES0315465A priority patent/ES315465A1/en
Priority to SE9813/65A priority patent/SE322770B/xx
Priority to DE19651543216 priority patent/DE1543216B1/en
Priority to BR171638/65A priority patent/BR6571638D0/en
Priority to CH1068665A priority patent/CH463486A/en
Priority to CH1114968A priority patent/CH473760A/en
Priority to AT707165A priority patent/AT267511B/en
Priority to NL6509895A priority patent/NL6509895A/xx
Priority to FR26746A priority patent/FR1482826A/en
Priority to FR26747A priority patent/FR4646M/fr
Priority to BE667739D priority patent/BE667739A/xx
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Priority to SE08871/68A priority patent/SE332171B/xx
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B12/00—Jointing of furniture or the like, e.g. hidden from exterior
    • F16B12/44—Leg joints; Corner joints
    • F16B12/48—Non-metal leg connections

Definitions

  • reserpine antagonism tests The measurement of antidepressant effects in the laboratory is accomplished by means of a group of tests referred to generally as reserpine antagonism tests.
  • One of the effects of reserpine on which its pharmacologic use is based is its ability to induce a depressed state.
  • concomitant pharmacologic or physiologic effects are exerted, including hypothermia, ptosis, and miosis.
  • Antidepressant drugs such as imipramine and amitriptyline have the capacity to prevent these physiological effects.
  • a predetermined dose of test compound is administered orally to each mouse of several groups of test mice.
  • reserpine 2.0 mg./kg.
  • ptosis is measured by placing each mouse on a platform away from light and estimating the extent of closure of the palpebral fissure.
  • Ptosis is significant if the opening is not greater than 50% of normal.
  • the reserpine effect is significantly modified if the palpebral opening is greater than 50% of normal.
  • the reduction of rectal temperature following reserpine is used as a parameter. Reserpine alone produces a significant reduction of rectal temperature in mice. Antidepresant drugs will prevent this effect.
  • Antidepressant drugs can be distinguished from psychostimulan-t drugs such as amphetamine by reversing the order of administration in the above test. That is, by administering reserpine first followed by the test drug, the extent of reversal of reserpine effect can be determined.
  • Psychostimulants characteristically have the ability to reverse the reserpine effects, while the antidepressants do not. That is, the antidepressants will prevent but not reverse the reserpiue effects in mice.
  • the above tests are conducted according to accepted pharmacological technique, by administering various doses of drug-s to groups of test animals and then conexhibits an ED value of 10 mg./-kg., while I-(Z-dimethylaminoethyl) l-phenylindene hydrochloride exhibits ED value for the prevention of reserpine ptosis in mice administration of I-(Z-dimethylaminoethyl) l-phenylindene hydrochloride elicits a truly outstanding antireserpine effect in animals characterizing the material as an antidepressant agent.
  • PREPARATION 1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) l-phenylindene is prepared from 3-phenylindene by alkylation thereof with a 2-dimethylaminoethyl halide such as the bromide, chloride or iodide or other alkylating agent capable of introducing the Z-dime-thylaminoethyl group.
  • a 2-dimethylaminoethyl halide such as the bromide, chloride or iodide or other alkylating agent capable of introducing the Z-dime-thylaminoethyl group.
  • alkylating agent is a reactive ester of Z-dimethylaminoethanol such as the ester with p-toluenesulfonic acid.
  • the alkylation of 3-phenylindene with a Z-dimethylaminoethyl halide or other reactive ester of Z-dimethylaminoethanol is conducted on an alkali metal salt of3- phenylindene.
  • the intermediate alkali metal salt is prepared by reaction of 3-phenylindene with a strong base such as sodium amide, sodium hydride, lithium amide, butyl lithium, sodium triphenylmethyl, or others.
  • the alkali metal salt of 3-phenylindene is preferably prepared in situ and allowed to react with the Z-dimethylaminoethyl halide without isolation. For this reason, the alkali metal base employed for salt formation may be looked upon simply as a condensing agent for the reaction between 3-phenylindene and Z-dimethylarninoethyl halide.
  • the mixture may contain dialkylated products as well.
  • This mixture of products can be separated by conventional methods, including distillation and fractional crystallization of acid addition salts thereof from appropriate solvents and solvent mixtures.
  • the individal pure products can then be unequivocally identified by interpretation of their nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.
  • Compound I is one of the active agents used in the antidepressant process of the present invention.
  • Compound II is substantially inactive.
  • Compound II may exist as an isomer or mixture of isomers where the double bond is in either the 1,2-position or in the 2,3-position, as is indicated by the dotted line and double headed arrow in the above formula.
  • PROCEDURE 3-phenylindene 76.8 g., is dissolved in 150 ml. of ether and treated with 0.4 mole of freshly prepared butyl lithium solution while protected from atmospheric moisture by dry nitrogen gas. A temperature of 20-30" C. is maintained during the addition of the butyl lithium solution, after which the solution is refluxed for /2 hour.
  • the reaction mixture is then diluted with 200 ml. of ether and added to a solution of 0.5 mole of fl-dimethylaminoethyl chloride in 100 ml. of ether.
  • a further reflux period of 2 hours is then commenced, after which the reaction mixture is allowed to cool and then extracted with 200 ml. of 6N-hydrochloric acid.
  • the aqueous layer is separated, basified, and extracted with ether.
  • the ether extracts are dried, the solvent removed by distillation, and the residue distilled in vacuo, B.P. l54163/0.2 mm., 11 1.5906,
  • the pure free base 1-(Z-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-phenylindene may be obtained by treatment of the pure hydrochloride salt having the physical constants listed above with a solution of a strong alkali such as aqueous sodium hydroxide.
  • the pure free base obtained in this fashion has the following properties:
  • Any desired pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt may be obtained by direct neutralization of the free base with the appropriate acid. Purification of the free base to the extent referred to above is not necessary for this purpose. If a crude form of the base is employed, care should be taken to characterize the salt formed therefrom, for instance, by nuclear magnetic resonance studies, as having the structure of Compound I.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts are those in which the anion does not contribute significant toxicity to the salt in the dosages thereof employed in accordance with the present invention.
  • suitable salts are the acetate, propionate, butyrate, pamoate, tannate, mucate, citrate, malate, tosylate, mesylate phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, hydrochloride, etc.
  • the hydrochloride salt described above is soluble in water at room temperature to the extent of by weight. It is also soluble in ethanol and in warm isopropanel from which it crystallizes on cooling. It is stable in aqueous solution.
  • the 1-[2-(methylamino)ethyl] 1 phenylindene may be prepared from Compound I by demethylation with alkyl haloformate followed by hydrolysis and decarboxylation as shown in the following equation:
  • the demethylation step proceeds best at temperatures of from to 150 C.
  • the 1-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]-l-phenyl indene may be prepared by reacting the l-phenyl indene salt with a N-(2-haloethyl)-N-rnethyl carbamic acid ester of the formula where X and R are as above defined to produce Compound III directly as above shown.
  • the further steps of hydrolysis and decarboxylation are as in the above equation and in the procedure following.
  • the benzene layer is then dried over potassium carbonate, the drying agent removed, and the solvent evaporated in vacuo.
  • the residual 1-[2-(N-carbethoxy-N-methyl) aminoethyl1-1-phenylindene is then refluxed for 10 hours with a solution of 6 g. of potassium hydroxide in 25 ml. of aqueous ethanol.
  • the reaction mixture is cooled, diluted with benzene, and extracted with three 5 ml. portions of water.
  • the mixture is dried over potassium carbonate, and the product recovered from the extract by evaporation as before.
  • the residue is dissolved in ether and treated with hydrogen chloride, resulting in precipitation of the desired product.
  • This material is recrystallized first from an ethylacetate-acetonitrile mixture, and then from acetone, M.P. 176-178 C.
  • Infrared absorption maxima are observed at the following wave lengths: 3030; 2930; 2760; 2428; 1588; 8; 790, 769, 754, 732 and 699 cmf
  • DOSAGE Toxicity studies were conducted in mice of the Swiss- W ebster strain weighing 18 to 25 g. and treated orally with 10 mL/kg. of body weight of an aqueous solution 75 containing varying doses of 1-(Z-dimethylaminoethyl)-1- phenyl-l-indene hydrochloride at a pH of 4.0-5.5 by intubation. The animals were observed for signs of side effects and the number of deaths occurring within 24 hours was recorded. Dose response curves Were prepared.
  • the dose eliciting detectable side effect in 50% of the animals was found to be 14 mg./kg. and the dose resulting in death of 50% of the animals (LD was found to be 84 mg./ kg.
  • Side effects observed included hype activity, increased respiratory depth, and ataxia.
  • the intraperitonea l LD in the mouse is 52.5 mg./kg.
  • the oral LD in the rat is 385 mg./kg.
  • the intravenous LD in the dog is estimated to be about 30 mg./kg.
  • the effective antidepressant dosage range for l-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) 1 phenylindene hydrochloride and l- [2- (methylamino) ethyl] -1-phenylindene hydrochloride in the process of the present invention is from about 0.1 mg. to about 5 mg./kg. of body weight of the animal being treated.
  • no side effects such as mydriasis, lack of salivation, or other side effects which are frequently manifested by the secondary pharmacologic properties of prior antidepressant drugs are observed.
  • Dosage according to the present invention may be by either the oral or parenteral routes. In the ordinary case, the oral route is preferred as a matter of convenience, but occasionally when this method of dosage cannot be accomplished due to idiosyncrasy, parenteral administration is satisfactory and preferred.
  • Solution for injection A sterile aqueous solution having a concentration of 25 mg./m1. of l-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-phenylindene hydrochloride is prepared by dissolving 25 g. of the substance in 9 l. of water for injection, U.S.P., adjusting to pH 5.5 with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide, and dilution to 10 1. This solution is then filtered sparkling clear and filled into 2 ml. glass ampoules and sealed. The ampoules are then sterilized by heating.
  • Capsules-A dry blend of 5.0 g. of 1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-phenylindene hydrochloride, 19.8 g. of lactose, and 0.2 g. of magnesium stearate is prepared. This mixture is then employed to fill No. 2 hard gelatin capsules, each with 250 mg. of the blend.
  • the process of eliciting an antidepressant effect in a host subject to a depressed condition which comprises administering to said host a dose of from 0.1 to 5 rug/kg. of body weight of said host of a compound selected from the group consisting of l-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-phenylindene, 1-[2-(methyla1mino)ethyl]-1- pbenylidene and the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof.

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Description

United States Patent 3,360,435 TREATMENT OF DEPRESSED STATES Alexander Kandel and Paul Merrill Lish, Evansville, Ind., assignors to Mead Johnson & Company, Evansville, Ind., a corporation of Indiana No Drawing. Filed May 21, 1965, Ser. No. 457,837 5 Claims. (Cl. 16765) The present invention concerns a method for controlling depression. This application is a continuation-inpart of the copending application Ser. No. 397,673, filed Sept. 15, 1964, now abandoned.
It has been found that antidepressant effects are elicited when 1 (Z-dimethylaminoethyl) l-phenylindene, 1-[2- (methylamino)ethyl]-1-phenylindene, or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof is administered to a host subject to a depressed condition.
Important advances in the treatment of mentally disturbed patients of the excited type through the use of central nervous system depressant compounds, commonly referred to as tranquilizers, have been made. At the opposite end of the spectrum of psychotic states are the depressed or repressed subjects for whom treatment with stimulant drugs or various types of shock treatment has been used. More recently certain drugs which are known as antidepressants have come into use for treatment of the latter conditions. These drugs are characterized by an ability to relieve the depression of such subjects, although they exert no stimulating effect on the alertness, mood, or activity of normal subjects in contrast to the well-known psychostimulants, such as amphetamine, caffeine, or the analeptic drugs. Psychostimulants characteristically increase the blood pressure and reduce the appetite, while the new class of antidepressant substances frequently have just the reverse effect.
The measurement of antidepressant effects in the laboratory is accomplished by means of a group of tests referred to generally as reserpine antagonism tests. One of the effects of reserpine on which its pharmacologic use is based is its ability to induce a depressed state. In the mouse, concomitant pharmacologic or physiologic effects are exerted, including hypothermia, ptosis, and miosis. Antidepressant drugs, such as imipramine and amitriptyline have the capacity to prevent these physiological effects.
In one such test, a predetermined dose of test compound is administered orally to each mouse of several groups of test mice. One hour later reserpine, 2.0 mg./kg., is injected intravenously, and one hour following the reserpine dose ptosis is measured by placing each mouse on a platform away from light and estimating the extent of closure of the palpebral fissure. Ptosis is significant if the opening is not greater than 50% of normal. The reserpine effect is significantly modified if the palpebral opening is greater than 50% of normal. In a similar test the reduction of rectal temperature following reserpine is used as a parameter. Reserpine alone produces a significant reduction of rectal temperature in mice. Antidepresant drugs will prevent this effect.
Antidepressant drugs can be distinguished from psychostimulan-t drugs such as amphetamine by reversing the order of administration in the above test. That is, by administering reserpine first followed by the test drug, the extent of reversal of reserpine effect can be determined. Psychostimulants characteristically have the ability to reverse the reserpine effects, while the antidepressants do not. That is, the antidepressants will prevent but not reverse the reserpiue effects in mice.
The above tests are conducted according to accepted pharmacological technique, by administering various doses of drug-s to groups of test animals and then conexhibits an ED value of 10 mg./-kg., while I-(Z-dimethylaminoethyl) l-phenylindene hydrochloride exhibits ED value for the prevention of reserpine ptosis in mice administration of I-(Z-dimethylaminoethyl) l-phenylindene hydrochloride elicits a truly outstanding antireserpine effect in animals characterizing the material as an antidepressant agent.
PREPARATION 1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) l-phenylindene is prepared from 3-phenylindene by alkylation thereof with a 2-dimethylaminoethyl halide such as the bromide, chloride or iodide or other alkylating agent capable of introducing the Z-dime-thylaminoethyl group. An example of such other alkylating agent is a reactive ester of Z-dimethylaminoethanol such as the ester with p-toluenesulfonic acid. The alkylation of 3-phenylindene with a Z-dimethylaminoethyl halide or other reactive ester of Z-dimethylaminoethanol is conducted on an alkali metal salt of3- phenylindene. The intermediate alkali metal salt is prepared by reaction of 3-phenylindene with a strong base such as sodium amide, sodium hydride, lithium amide, butyl lithium, sodium triphenylmethyl, or others. The alkali metal salt of 3-phenylindene is preferably prepared in situ and allowed to react with the Z-dimethylaminoethyl halide without isolation. For this reason, the alkali metal base employed for salt formation may be looked upon simply as a condensing agent for the reaction between 3-phenylindene and Z-dimethylarninoethyl halide.
There results from this reaction a mixture of isomeric products as is shown by the following equation.
(ion.
CH10H:N( Ha):
C5 5 CHaCH2N(CHa)a 0H6 I II Under some reaction conditions, the mixture may contain dialkylated products as well. This mixture of products can be separated by conventional methods, including distillation and fractional crystallization of acid addition salts thereof from appropriate solvents and solvent mixtures. The individal pure products can then be unequivocally identified by interpretation of their nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. It has been found that the high degree of antireserpine activity referred to above is unique to both I-(Z-dimethylaminoethyl) l-phenylindene, 1-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]-1-phenylindene and their salts as distinguished from l-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-3 phenylindene, the latter substance having been found to be essentially inactive in the antagonism of reserpine ptosisin the mouse.
Compound I is one of the active agents used in the antidepressant process of the present invention. Compound II is substantially inactive. Compound II may exist as an isomer or mixture of isomers where the double bond is in either the 1,2-position or in the 2,3-position, as is indicated by the dotted line and double headed arrow in the above formula.
PROCEDURE 3-phenylindene, 76.8 g., is dissolved in 150 ml. of ether and treated with 0.4 mole of freshly prepared butyl lithium solution while protected from atmospheric moisture by dry nitrogen gas. A temperature of 20-30" C. is maintained during the addition of the butyl lithium solution, after which the solution is refluxed for /2 hour. The reaction mixture is then diluted with 200 ml. of ether and added to a solution of 0.5 mole of fl-dimethylaminoethyl chloride in 100 ml. of ether. A further reflux period of 2 hours is then commenced, after which the reaction mixture is allowed to cool and then extracted with 200 ml. of 6N-hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer is separated, basified, and extracted with ether. The ether extracts are dried, the solvent removed by distillation, and the residue distilled in vacuo, B.P. l54163/0.2 mm., 11 1.5906,
' yield, 56.7 g. This material, 1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1- phenylindene, contaminated with a minor amount of 1- (Z-dimethylaminoethyl)-3-phenylindene, is then dissolved in 850 ml. of ether and treated with anhydrous hydrogen chloride to precipitate the hydrochloride salts. The precipitate is collected by filtration and pure 1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-3-phenylindene hydrochloride is obtained by recrystallization thereof from n-propanol (5 ml./g.), M.P. 198-199 C.
AnaIysis.-C, 76.23; H, 7.28.
The nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum measured on a deuterium oxide solution of the pure sample of 1-(2- dimethylaminoethyl)-l phenylindene hydrochloride described in the preceding paragraph with sodium 3-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propanesulfonate as reference using a Varian A60 NMR Spectrometer operating at 60 mo. revealed the following: A pair of doublets at 6.87 and 6.54 ppm, J=5.7 cps., relative area 2 corresponding to the two vinyl protons; aromatic proton peaks at 7.0 to 7.55 p.p.m., relative area 9; and aliphatic proton peaks at 2.2 to 2.9 ppm, relative area 10. The foregoing observations are consistent with the identity of the product as having the structure designated by the name 1-(2-d-imethylaminoethyl)-l-phenylindene The pure free base 1-(Z-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-phenylindene may be obtained by treatment of the pure hydrochloride salt having the physical constants listed above with a solution of a strong alkali such as aqueous sodium hydroxide. The pure free base obtained in this fashion has the following properties:
B.P. 147-148/0.7 mm., r1 1.5880. Infrared absorption maxima (film of .pure substance): 698, 732, 755, 775, 790, 1040, 1470, 1615, 2550, and 2590 cum- The free base is soluble in the common organic solvents such as ethanol ether, and benzene.
Any desired pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt may be obtained by direct neutralization of the free base with the appropriate acid. Purification of the free base to the extent referred to above is not necessary for this purpose. If a crude form of the base is employed, care should be taken to characterize the salt formed therefrom, for instance, by nuclear magnetic resonance studies, as having the structure of Compound I.
Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts are those in which the anion does not contribute significant toxicity to the salt in the dosages thereof employed in accordance with the present invention. Examples of suitable salts are the acetate, propionate, butyrate, pamoate, tannate, mucate, citrate, malate, tosylate, mesylate phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, hydrochloride, etc.
The hydrochloride salt described above is soluble in water at room temperature to the extent of by weight. It is also soluble in ethanol and in warm isopropanel from which it crystallizes on cooling. It is stable in aqueous solution.
The 1-[2-(methylamino)ethyl] 1 phenylindene may be prepared from Compound I by demethylation with alkyl haloformate followed by hydrolysis and decarboxylation as shown in the following equation:
X C 02R: Compound I OH; C l-I CHzCHz-N Hydrolysis de :arboxylation 0 H; CHzCHzN C H; VI
where X is chloro, bromo or iodo and R is lower alkyl containing up to 6 carbon atoms. The demethylation step proceeds best at temperatures of from to 150 C. Alternatively the 1-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]-l-phenyl indene may be prepared by reacting the l-phenyl indene salt with a N-(2-haloethyl)-N-rnethyl carbamic acid ester of the formula where X and R are as above defined to produce Compound III directly as above shown. The further steps of hydrolysis and decarboxylation are as in the above equation and in the procedure following.
The following example illustrates the preparation of Compound IV:
EXAMPLE 1- [Z-(methylamino) ethyl] -1-phenylindene hydrochloride 1-(Z-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-phenylindene, 8.8 g. (0.033 mole) is dissolved in 15 ml. of anhydrous benzene and treated cautiously with a solution of 10.9 g. (0.1 mole) of ethyl chloroformate dissolved in 9 ml. of benzene. A vigorous reaction ensues. After the reaction subsides the mixture is heated at reflux for 6 hours, diluted with an approximately equal volume of benzene, and washed with two 15 ml. portions of dilute hydrochloric acid. The benzene layer is then dried over potassium carbonate, the drying agent removed, and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residual 1-[2-(N-carbethoxy-N-methyl) aminoethyl1-1-phenylindene is then refluxed for 10 hours with a solution of 6 g. of potassium hydroxide in 25 ml. of aqueous ethanol. The reaction mixture is cooled, diluted with benzene, and extracted with three 5 ml. portions of water. The mixture is dried over potassium carbonate, and the product recovered from the extract by evaporation as before. The residue is dissolved in ether and treated with hydrogen chloride, resulting in precipitation of the desired product. This material is recrystallized first from an ethylacetate-acetonitrile mixture, and then from acetone, M.P. 176-178 C.
Analysis.Calcd. for C H N-HCl: C, 75.64; H, 7.05; CI. 12.41. Found: C, 75.87; H, 7.14; Cl, 12.27.
Infrared absorption maxima are observed at the following wave lengths: 3030; 2930; 2760; 2428; 1588; 8; 790, 769, 754, 732 and 699 cmf DOSAGE Toxicity studies were conducted in mice of the Swiss- W ebster strain weighing 18 to 25 g. and treated orally with 10 mL/kg. of body weight of an aqueous solution 75 containing varying doses of 1-(Z-dimethylaminoethyl)-1- phenyl-l-indene hydrochloride at a pH of 4.0-5.5 by intubation. The animals were observed for signs of side effects and the number of deaths occurring within 24 hours was recorded. Dose response curves Were prepared. The dose eliciting detectable side effect in 50% of the animals (TD was found to be 14 mg./kg. and the dose resulting in death of 50% of the animals (LD was found to be 84 mg./ kg. Side effects observed included hype activity, increased respiratory depth, and ataxia. The fact that the effective antidepressant dose (anti-reserpine) is 3.8 mg./ kg. with signs of side effects occurring at only substantially higher doses, but yet at a dose substantially below the lethal level, indicates a wide margin of safety.
The intraperitonea l LD in the mouse is 52.5 mg./kg. The oral LD in the rat is 385 mg./kg. The intravenous LD in the dog is estimated to be about 30 mg./kg.
The effective antidepressant dosage range for l-(2-dimethylaminoethyl) 1 phenylindene hydrochloride and l- [2- (methylamino) ethyl] -1-phenylindene hydrochloride in the process of the present invention is from about 0.1 mg. to about 5 mg./kg. of body weight of the animal being treated. In this dosage range no side effects such as mydriasis, lack of salivation, or other side effects which are frequently manifested by the secondary pharmacologic properties of prior antidepressant drugs are observed. Dosage according to the present invention may be by either the oral or parenteral routes. In the ordinary case, the oral route is preferred as a matter of convenience, but occasionally when this method of dosage cannot be accomplished due to idiosyncrasy, parenteral administration is satisfactory and preferred.
For human use, a daily dose in the range of to 300 mg. is recommended. Formulations of the following type are satisfactory for this purpose:
Solution for injection.- A sterile aqueous solution having a concentration of 25 mg./m1. of l-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-phenylindene hydrochloride is prepared by dissolving 25 g. of the substance in 9 l. of water for injection, U.S.P., adjusting to pH 5.5 with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide, and dilution to 10 1. This solution is then filtered sparkling clear and filled into 2 ml. glass ampoules and sealed. The ampoules are then sterilized by heating.
Capsules-A dry blend of 5.0 g. of 1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-phenylindene hydrochloride, 19.8 g. of lactose, and 0.2 g. of magnesium stearate is prepared. This mixture is then employed to fill No. 2 hard gelatin capsules, each with 250 mg. of the blend.
While several particular embodiments of this invention are shown above, it will be understood, of course, that the invention is not to be limited thereto, since many modifications may be made, and it is contemplated, therefore, by the appended claims, to cover any such modifications as fall within the spirit and scope of this invention.
What is claimed is:
1. The process of eliciting an antidepressant effect in a host subject to a depressed condition which comprises administering to said host a dose of from 0.1 to 5 rug/kg. of body weight of said host of a compound selected from the group consisting of l-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-phenylindene, 1-[2-(methyla1mino)ethyl]-1- pbenylidene and the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof.
2. The process of claim 1 comprising the administration of 1-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]-1-phenylindene.
3. The process of claim 1 comprising the administra tion of 1-[2-(methylamino)ethyH-I-phenylindene hydrochloride.
4. The process of claim 1 comprising the administration of 1-[Z-(methylamino)ethyl]-1-phenylindene.
5. The process of claim 1 comprising the administration of 1-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]-1-phenylindene hydrochloride.
References Cited FOREIGN PATENTS 959,704 6/1964 Great Britain.
ALBERT T. MEYERS, Primary Examiner.
JULIAN s. LEVITT, Examiner.
S. FRIEDMAN, Assistant Examiner.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,360,435 December 26, 1967 Alexander Kandel et a1.
It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
Column 2, line 13, for "value for the prevention of reserpine ptosis in mice" read of 7.5 mg./kg. It is evident, therefore, that the column 6, lines 23 and 25, for "l- [2- (methy1amino)ethyl]", each occurrence read I-(Z-dimethylaminoethyl) Signed and sealed this 11th day of February 1969.
(SEAL) Attest: Edward M. Fletcher, 11'. EDWARD J. BRENNER Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents

Claims (1)

1. THE PROCESS OF ELICITING AN ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECT IN A HOST SUBJECT TO A DEPRESSED CONDITION WHICH COMPRISES ADMINISTERING TO SAID HOST A DOSE OF FROM 0.1 TO 5 MG./KG. OF BODY WEIGHT OF SAID HOST OF A COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF 1-(2-DIMETHYLAMINOETHYL)-1-PHENYLINDENE, 1-(2-(METHYLALMINO)ETHYL) - 1 - PHENYLIDENE AND THE PHARMACEUTICALLY ACCEPTABLE ACID ADDITION SALTS THEREOF.
US457837A 1964-09-15 1965-05-21 Treatment of depressed states Expired - Lifetime US3360435A (en)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US457837A US3360435A (en) 1964-09-15 1965-05-21 Treatment of depressed states
GB28248/65A GB1041989A (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-02 A process of preparing 1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-phenylindene and 1-[2-(methylamino) ethyl]-1-phenylindene
IL23869A IL23869A (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-02 1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1-phenylindene and 1-(2-(methylamino)-ethyl)-1-phenylindene
ES0315465A ES315465A1 (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-17 A procedure for preparing compounds with stimulating properties of the nervous system. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
SE9813/65A SE322770B (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-26
DE19651543216 DE1543216B1 (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-27 Process for the preparation of 1- (2'-dimethylaminoaethyl) -1-phenylindene and 1- (2'-methylaminoaethyl) -1-phenylindene
BR171638/65A BR6571638D0 (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-28 A PROCESS TO PREPARE 1- (2-DIMETHYL-AMINO-ETHYL) 1-FENIL INDENO AND 1- (2-METHYL AMINO ETI1) -1-FENYL-INDENE
CH1114968A CH473760A (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-29 Process for the preparation of 1- (2-methylaminoethyl) -1-phenylindene
CH1068665A CH463486A (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-29 Process for the preparation of 1- (2-dimethyl-aminoethyl) -1-phenylindene
AT707165A AT267511B (en) 1965-05-21 1965-07-30 Process for the preparation of new 1-phenyl-1- (2'-aminoethyl) -indenes and their salts
NL6509895A NL6509895A (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-30
FR26746A FR1482826A (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-30 Process for the preparation of the compounds of the group comprising 1- (2-dimethylaminoethyl) -1-phenylindene, 1- [2- (methylamino) -ethyl] -1-phenylindene and their acid addition salts
FR26747A FR4646M (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-30
BE667739D BE667739A (en) 1964-09-15 1965-07-30
SE08871/68A SE332171B (en) 1964-09-15 1968-06-28

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US39767364A 1964-09-15 1964-09-15
US457837A US3360435A (en) 1964-09-15 1965-05-21 Treatment of depressed states

Publications (1)

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US3360435A true US3360435A (en) 1967-12-26

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US457837A Expired - Lifetime US3360435A (en) 1964-09-15 1965-05-21 Treatment of depressed states

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3360435A (en)
BE (1) BE667739A (en)
BR (1) BR6571638D0 (en)
CH (2) CH463486A (en)
DE (1) DE1543216B1 (en)
ES (1) ES315465A1 (en)
FR (2) FR1482826A (en)
GB (1) GB1041989A (en)
IL (1) IL23869A (en)
NL (1) NL6509895A (en)
SE (2) SE322770B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE371190B (en) * 1972-03-24 1974-11-11 Kabi Ab

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB959704A (en) * 1961-08-31 1964-06-03 Smith Kline French Lab New indene derivatives and method of preparing the same

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2798888A (en) * 1952-08-12 1957-07-09 Ciba Pharm Prod Inc Indene and indane compounds and their production

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB959704A (en) * 1961-08-31 1964-06-03 Smith Kline French Lab New indene derivatives and method of preparing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1482826A (en) 1967-06-02
IL23869A (en) 1970-09-17
SE322770B (en) 1970-04-20
BE667739A (en) 1966-01-31
NL6509895A (en) 1966-03-16
CH463486A (en) 1968-10-15
BR6571638D0 (en) 1973-08-14
GB1041989A (en) 1966-09-07
ES315465A1 (en) 1966-06-01
DE1543216B1 (en) 1972-11-09
SE332171B (en) 1971-02-01
FR4646M (en) 1966-12-05
CH473760A (en) 1969-06-15

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