US3354931A - Carbon dioxide detecting safety device for apparatus operating through catalysis of gaseous hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Carbon dioxide detecting safety device for apparatus operating through catalysis of gaseous hydrocarbons Download PDF

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Publication number
US3354931A
US3354931A US33478863A US3354931A US 3354931 A US3354931 A US 3354931A US 33478863 A US33478863 A US 33478863A US 3354931 A US3354931 A US 3354931A
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United States
Prior art keywords
detector
burner
catalysis
carbon dioxide
catalytic
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Risse Roger
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Lyonnaise des Applications Catalytiques Ste
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Lyonnaise des Applications Catalytiques Ste
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
    • F17D5/005—Protection or supervision of installations of gas pipelines, e.g. alarm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
    • G01N25/22—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures
    • G01N25/28—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures the rise in temperature of the gases resulting from combustion being measured directly
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V30/00—Character recognition; Recognising digital ink; Document-oriented image-based pattern recognition
    • G06V30/10—Character recognition
    • G06V30/14—Image acquisition
    • G06V30/1444—Selective acquisition, locating or processing of specific regions, e.g. highlighted text, fiducial marks or predetermined fields
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the subject-matter of the present invention is a carbon dioxide detecting device which, in contradistinction to the above-mentioned devices, does not include any flame.
  • the device of the invention is essentially constituted by a small heating apparatus which operates through catalysis of the hydrocarbon fuel from a by-pass of the supply-pipe of the heater proper.
  • Said small pilot-apparatus is designed in a manner such that, when it is located in an atmosphere which contains substantially no carbon dioxide, its oxygenation is just sufficient for ensuring its proper operation; the catalytic oxidation is thus complete. But, if said atmosphere contains some CO2, the oxygenation of the small pilot-apparatus is no longer sufiicient and the catalytic oxidation is no longer complete. On the one hand, unburnt gases are produced, and, on the other hand, the temperature of Said catalytic pilot-apparatus drops.
  • the essential feature of the present invention consists in using said drop in temperature for detecting an increase n the percentage of carbon dioxide in the surrounding air.
  • the fall in the temperature of the catalytic pilot-apparatus may, instead of causing the gas valve to close, set the heater in the position where it operates at its minimum reduced speed.
  • FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view of the member
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic showing of a gas supply circuit
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional View on enlarged scale of the starter-cock assembly in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a modification of the circuit of FIG. 2
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate two further embodiments of the catalytic pilot-member
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view on enlarged scale of gauged jets in FIGS. 2 and 5.
  • the essential member of the apparatus of the invention consists of a catalytic element 1 disposed inside a tube 2 the length diameter ratio of which is calculated in a manner such that in an atmosphere containing zero percent CO2 the catalytic oxidation of said element 1 is just complete.
  • the catalytic element 1 is fed by a cylindro-conical tube 3 which receives a stream of gas through a nozzle 4.
  • This gas stream while passing through the cylindrical portion of said tube 3, is mixed intimately with air entering said tube through a hole 5 the diameter of which depends on the proportioning of air and gas to be obtained for allowing the pilot-apparatus to operate under the conditions defined hereinabove.
  • a sensing component member 6 of a thermostat in the immediate vicinity of the catalytic pilot-element 1 is disposed a sensing component member 6 of a thermostat (see FIG. 2) contr-olling a gas valve 7.
  • the tube 2 ends in a nozzle 9 which opens in the immediate vicinity of the catalytic screen 10 of the heater so as to catalyze the light unburnt gases which are produced in the pilot-device at the moment the percentage of CO2 begins to increase.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates, by way of example, a diagrammatic representation of the assembly of said pilot-device o-n a heating apparatus operating through catalysis and starting through the direct ignition of the gases over its screen 1t).
  • 12 indicates a starter-cock assembly tted with four outlet pipes, the details of which are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4;
  • 14 indicates a safety thermostat intended for cutting -oi the incoming gas when the screen 10 is cold.
  • the lreference letters a, b, c, d, e, f, and g indicate the gas pipes and the reference letters h indicate the various gauged jets adapted to operate the whole assembly under the required ilow-rate conditions.
  • the starter-cock assembly 12 of a known type, is illustrated in detail in FIGS. 3 and 4. Said assembly is connected at to the main gas pipe-line. It comprises a needlevalve 1S actuated by a handle or a hand-wheel 16, and a catalytic pilottaken along line 4 4 3 spring-loaded piston 17 with spring 18, which piston is operated by means of a pull-rod 19.
  • Each jet h (FIG. 8) is constituted by a T-junction 20 the branches 21, 22 and ⁇ 23 of which are threaded at 21a, 22a and 23a to receive internally a plug 24 having a calibrated passage 25' and screw slot 26 for positioning and removing the plug 24.
  • Each of these T -junctions is provided with a plug 24 in at least one of its branches 21, 22 and 23. These branches are connected to the pipelines of which the flow is to be controlled.
  • the screen 10 contains two supply openings 27 and 28 and the junctions between the lines b and f supplying the opening 28 comprise two jets positioned, respectively, in the branch connected to the line b and in the branch connected to the line f, the calibrated passage of the rst of these jets being of greater diameter than that of the second.
  • the modified embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 shows an arrangement in which the operation of the CO2 detector does not cause the whole assembly to be completely shut off and put out, but automatically sets the heater to its minimum reduced speed, said heater starting again to operate at full speed as soon as the percentage of CO2 has decreased.
  • the detector 13 and the valve 7 are connected to the pipe e by by-passes, while suitable jets h are disposed at said by-passes.
  • a modified embodiment may consist (FIG. 6) in positioning the sensing component member 6 of the thermostat below the catalytic pilot-element 1, which allows, by extending said element, catalyzing all of the unburnt gases.
  • FIG. 7 It is also possible (FIG. 7) to dispose the sensing component member 6 in a manner such that it is positioned vertically along the axis of the cylindre-conical tube 2-3 and at the center of the catalytic pilot-element 1 which is then in the shape of a stack.
  • the combination comprising a main burner; a catalytic ameless detector burner located to be oxygenated from the air ambient to the main burner; a gaseous fuel supply means; a manually controlled conduit means forming a first connection between said supply means, the main burner and the detector burner; and a thermostatically controlled by-pass conduit means forming a second connection between said supply means and said main burner and having a thermal sensing element sensing the activity of said detector burner and operative to shut off flow through said second connection when the activity is low due to an intolerably high content of inert gas in the ambient air.
  • detector burner comprises a tube having a catalytic element arranged to be oxygenated substantially coms pletely when the ambient air is substantially free of CO2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
US33478863 1963-01-15 1963-12-31 Carbon dioxide detecting safety device for apparatus operating through catalysis of gaseous hydrocarbons Expired - Lifetime US3354931A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR69043225A FR1375002A (fr) 1963-01-15 1963-01-15 Dispositif de sécurité détecteur de gaz carbonique pour appareils à catalyse d'un hydrocarbure gazeux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3354931A true US3354931A (en) 1967-11-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US33478863 Expired - Lifetime US3354931A (en) 1963-01-15 1963-12-31 Carbon dioxide detecting safety device for apparatus operating through catalysis of gaseous hydrocarbons

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3354931A (de)
AT (1) AT251323B (de)
CH (1) CH394457A (de)
DK (1) DK104528C (de)
ES (1) ES294757A1 (de)
FI (1) FI42692B (de)
FR (1) FR1375002A (de)
GB (1) GB1044323A (de)
LU (1) LU44880A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3610792A (en) * 1968-02-26 1971-10-05 Lyon Applic Catalytiques Safety device for gas apparatus
US4032286A (en) * 1975-04-18 1977-06-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Gas combustion device with safety device
US4526001A (en) * 1981-02-13 1985-07-02 Engelhard Corporation Method and means for controlling air-to-fuel ratio
CN108443885A (zh) * 2018-03-27 2018-08-24 中国计量大学 一种用于燃气热值测量装置的燃烧器

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990014561A1 (de) * 1989-05-13 1990-11-29 Zibrowius Gmbh Verfahren zum überwachen und sicherheitsmässigen einhalten des betriebs von kaminlosen öfen, insbesondere von petroleumöfen, und vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1416361A (en) * 1919-03-04 1922-05-16 Arthur B Lamb Gas detector
US3028909A (en) * 1956-09-14 1962-04-10 Faure & Cie Gas burners
US3037554A (en) * 1957-05-21 1962-06-05 Lyonnaise Des Rechauds Catalyt Catalytic heating apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1416361A (en) * 1919-03-04 1922-05-16 Arthur B Lamb Gas detector
US3028909A (en) * 1956-09-14 1962-04-10 Faure & Cie Gas burners
US3037554A (en) * 1957-05-21 1962-06-05 Lyonnaise Des Rechauds Catalyt Catalytic heating apparatus

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3610792A (en) * 1968-02-26 1971-10-05 Lyon Applic Catalytiques Safety device for gas apparatus
US4032286A (en) * 1975-04-18 1977-06-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Gas combustion device with safety device
US4526001A (en) * 1981-02-13 1985-07-02 Engelhard Corporation Method and means for controlling air-to-fuel ratio
CN108443885A (zh) * 2018-03-27 2018-08-24 中国计量大学 一种用于燃气热值测量装置的燃烧器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH394457A (fr) 1965-06-30
DK104528C (da) 1966-05-31
ES294757A1 (es) 1964-06-01
GB1044323A (en) 1966-09-28
FR1375002A (fr) 1964-10-16
AT251323B (de) 1966-12-27
LU44880A1 (de) 1964-01-27
FI42692B (de) 1970-06-30

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