US3348313A - Device for detecting surface elevations in sheet material - Google Patents

Device for detecting surface elevations in sheet material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3348313A
US3348313A US397040A US39704064A US3348313A US 3348313 A US3348313 A US 3348313A US 397040 A US397040 A US 397040A US 39704064 A US39704064 A US 39704064A US 3348313 A US3348313 A US 3348313A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
sheet material
feeler
datum
distance
probe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US397040A
Inventor
Urmenyi Laszlo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US397040A priority Critical patent/US3348313A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3348313A publication Critical patent/US3348313A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
    • D06H3/00—Inspecting textile materials
    • D06H3/10—Inspecting textile materials by non-optical apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H26/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions, for web-advancing mechanisms
    • B65H26/02—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions, for web-advancing mechanisms responsive to presence of irregularities in running webs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
    • G01B7/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using capacitive means
    • G01B7/087—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using capacitive means for measuring of objects while moving
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B7/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
    • G01B7/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using magnetic means, e.g. by measuring change of reluctance
    • G01B7/107—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness using magnetic means, e.g. by measuring change of reluctance for measuring objects while moving

Definitions

  • the invention refers to a device for detecting wrinkles and other surface elevations in sheet material, e.g., paper or plastics.
  • the device according to the invention contains at least one feeler member which may be a roll or a flap adapted to ride on an idler roll or other datum surface so that the sheet material may pass between the said feeler member and the said datum surface whereby the distance between the said datum surface and the feeler member is determined by the thickness of the said sheet material and any surface elevation on the sheet material will temporarily increase such distance, the said feeler member also comprising part of an electrically reactive circuit element the other part of the said circuit element being the datum member, the reactance of the said circult element being a function of the distance between the said feeler member and the said datum member, also comprising a device adapted to give a signal when the said reactance differs from a predetermined value.
  • the said circuit element may consist of one or more coils preferably wound on a magnetic core and mounted on the feeler member in such a way that when the feeler member is in the operating position the magnetic flux is closed via the datum member.
  • the datum member itself becomes part of the reactive circuit element. Any change in the distance between the datum member and the feeler member alters the self inductance of the coil or coils or the mutual inductance between coils.
  • the said circuit element may consist of the capacitance between two electrodes of which one is mounted on or is part of the feeler member and the other is the datum member.
  • the said first electrode is positioned near the said datum member.
  • the datum member becomes part of the reactive circuit element. Any change in the distance between the feeler member and the datum member alters the capacitance between them.
  • the feeler members must contact the sheet material across the whole of the inspected width. When inspecting wide material, it is essential that more than one feeler member is used. In this case the feeler members may be staggered to ensure that no uninspected portion of the sheet material may pass between the feeler members.
  • the reactances in each pair are balanced against each other.
  • the reactances may form part of a suitable circuit, e.g., a bridge circuit, which is adapted to produce a signal when the reactances are different from predetermined values.
  • An important feature of the invention is the fact that the said reactances depend only on the distance between the feeler members and the datum surface and not on the distance between the feeler members and any other member rigidly fixed to the same framework on which the feeler members are mounted, due to the fact that the datum member itself forms part of the side reactances and the feeler members actually ride on the datum surface, which latter is preferably an idler roll. Eccentric running of the idler roll therefore does not effect the said reactances and does not give a false signal.
  • FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of rolls and probes in elevation.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows the side view of a probe containing a U core and coils.
  • FIG. 4 shows the front view of a probe containing a capacitor plate.
  • 1 is an idler'roll
  • 2 is the sheet material to be inspected
  • 5 are arms on which rolls 3 and probes 4 are mounted
  • 6 are bearings on which arms 5 are pivoted
  • 7 are bars carrying the bearings
  • 9 are further arms carrying adjustable balancing weights 8.
  • a suitable instrument not shown, may be adapted to produce an electrical signal output when the said reactance changes or when the reactances of two circuit elements placed in two probes becomes unequal.
  • FIGURE 3 shows a probe 4 containing a U shaped core 10 on which coils 11 and 12 are wound.
  • the coils 11 and 12 may be connected in series forming one single inductance which is measured in an AC bridge circuit or compared with a similar inductance in another probe.
  • coil 11 may carry AC and the voltage induced in coil 12 may be measured or compared with a voltage induced in a similar coil in another probe.
  • Coil 12 may contain two separate windings which may be interconnected with two windings of a similar coil 12 in another probe.
  • FIGURE 4 shows a probe 4 containing a condenser plate 13 mounted on an insulator 14.
  • the capacitance between plate 13 and idler roll 1 changes with change of distance and this capacitance may be measured or compared with a capacitance.
  • the electrical signal output of the said instrument may be utilised in various ways. It may be used to give a visible or audible alarm signal, to mark the edge of the paper or insert a tag. It may initiate automatic sorting. In the latter case the device would be used in conjunction with a cutter-sorter provided with an electrically or pneumatically operated gate. A suitable instrument could be utilised to provide the necessary time delay between the signal and the operation of the gate.
  • inductive circuit elements are used in a HP. circuit, then the magnetic cores may be omitted. In this case the change of inductance due to change in distance between circuit element and datum member may be utilised to alter the resonance frequency of a tuned circuit or in any other way well known in the art.
  • Device for detecting wrinkles, lumps and other surface elevations in paper and other sheet material containing at least two feeler members adapted to contact the sheet material across the whole of the inspected width and adapted to ride on a datum surface of a datum member in such a way that the sheet material to be tested can pass Patented Oct.
  • each of the said feeler members also comprising part of an electrically reactive circuit element the other part of the said circuit element being the said datum member, the reactance of the said circuit element being a function of the distance between the said feeler member and the said datum member, also comprising a device adapted to give predetermined value.

Description

Oct. 24, 1967 URMENYI 3,348,333
DEVICE FOR DETECTING SURFACE ELEVATIONS IN SHEET MATERIAL Filed Sept. 16, 1964 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 DEVICE FOR DETECTING SURFACE ELEVATIONS IN SHEET MATERIAL Filed Sept. 16, 1964 L. URMENY! 0st. 24, W67
2 Sheets-Sheet 2 United States Patent 3,348,313 DEVICE FOR DETECTING SURFACE ELE- VATIONS IN SHEET MATERIAL Laszlo Urmenyi, 18 Ernie Road, Wimbledon, London SW. 20, England Filed Sept. 16, 1964, Ser. No. 397,040 1 Claim. (Cl. 33-148) The invention refers to a device for detecting wrinkles and other surface elevations in sheet material, e.g., paper or plastics. The device according to the invention contains at least one feeler member which may be a roll or a flap adapted to ride on an idler roll or other datum surface so that the sheet material may pass between the said feeler member and the said datum surface whereby the distance between the said datum surface and the feeler member is determined by the thickness of the said sheet material and any surface elevation on the sheet material will temporarily increase such distance, the said feeler member also comprising part of an electrically reactive circuit element the other part of the said circuit element being the datum member, the reactance of the said circult element being a function of the distance between the said feeler member and the said datum member, also comprising a device adapted to give a signal when the said reactance differs from a predetermined value.
The said circuit element may consist of one or more coils preferably wound on a magnetic core and mounted on the feeler member in such a way that when the feeler member is in the operating position the magnetic flux is closed via the datum member. Thus the datum member itself becomes part of the reactive circuit element. Any change in the distance between the datum member and the feeler member alters the self inductance of the coil or coils or the mutual inductance between coils.
Alternatively the said circuit element may consist of the capacitance between two electrodes of which one is mounted on or is part of the feeler member and the other is the datum member. When the feeler member is in the operating position the said first electrode is positioned near the said datum member. Thus the datum member becomes part of the reactive circuit element. Any change in the distance between the feeler member and the datum member alters the capacitance between them.
The feeler members must contact the sheet material across the whole of the inspected width. When inspecting wide material, it is essential that more than one feeler member is used. In this case the feeler members may be staggered to ensure that no uninspected portion of the sheet material may pass between the feeler members.
Preferably, an even number of feeler members is used in pairs and the reactances in each pair are balanced against each other. Alternatively, the reactances may form part of a suitable circuit, e.g., a bridge circuit, which is adapted to produce a signal when the reactances are different from predetermined values.
An important feature of the invention is the fact that the said reactances depend only on the distance between the feeler members and the datum surface and not on the distance between the feeler members and any other member rigidly fixed to the same framework on which the feeler members are mounted, due to the fact that the datum member itself forms part of the side reactances and the feeler members actually ride on the datum surface, which latter is preferably an idler roll. Eccentric running of the idler roll therefore does not effect the said reactances and does not give a false signal.
The invention will now be described by the way of examples with reference to the drawings in which FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of rolls and probes in elevation.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 shows the side view of a probe containing a U core and coils.
FIG. 4 shows the front view of a probe containing a capacitor plate.
Referring now to FIGURES l and 2, 1 is an idler'roll, 2 is the sheet material to be inspected. 5 are arms on which rolls 3 and probes 4 are mounted, 6 are bearings on which arms 5 are pivoted. 7 are bars carrying the bearings 6, 9 are further arms carrying adjustable balancing weights 8. In operation when a surface elevation is passing between idler roll 1 and one of the rolls 3, the roll 3 and with it probe 4 is lifted up, thereby increasing the distance between the surface of idler roll 1 and probe 4 and changing the reactance of the circuit element mounted in probe 4. A suitable instrument, not shown, may be adapted to produce an electrical signal output when the said reactance changes or when the reactances of two circuit elements placed in two probes becomes unequal.
FIGURE 3 shows a probe 4 containing a U shaped core 10 on which coils 11 and 12 are wound. The coils 11 and 12 may be connected in series forming one single inductance which is measured in an AC bridge circuit or compared with a similar inductance in another probe. Or coil 11 may carry AC and the voltage induced in coil 12 may be measured or compared with a voltage induced in a similar coil in another probe. Coil 12 may contain two separate windings which may be interconnected with two windings of a similar coil 12 in another probe.
FIGURE 4 shows a probe 4 containing a condenser plate 13 mounted on an insulator 14. The capacitance between plate 13 and idler roll 1 changes with change of distance and this capacitance may be measured or compared with a capacitance.
The electrical signal output of the said instrument may be utilised in various ways. It may be used to give a visible or audible alarm signal, to mark the edge of the paper or insert a tag. It may initiate automatic sorting. In the latter case the device would be used in conjunction with a cutter-sorter provided with an electrically or pneumatically operated gate. A suitable instrument could be utilised to provide the necessary time delay between the signal and the operation of the gate.
It will be appreciated that numerous alterations may be made to the above examples Without departing from the invention. -E.g., instead of resting the probes on an idler roll, they may be mounted to ride on a calender or on a stationary roll or any other datum surface. Further, in the example of FIG. 4 instead of providing a separate plate 13, the roll 3 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) may be insulated from its housing and the capacitance between roll 3 and idler roll 1 may be utilised in a suitable circuit to provide a signal when the capacitance changes. Provision may be made in any of the above examples in a way well known in the art to obtain a signal only when the probe is lifted by a surface elevation in the paper to be inspected causing a decrease in the reactance, but no signal is obtained when the probe returns to a less elevated position. If inductive circuit elements are used in a HP. circuit, then the magnetic cores may be omitted. In this case the change of inductance due to change in distance between circuit element and datum member may be utilised to alter the resonance frequency of a tuned circuit or in any other way well known in the art.
What I claim is:
Device for detecting wrinkles, lumps and other surface elevations in paper and other sheet material containing at least two feeler members adapted to contact the sheet material across the whole of the inspected width and adapted to ride on a datum surface of a datum member in such a way that the sheet material to be tested can pass Patented Oct. 24, 1967 between the said feeler members and the said datum surface whereby the distance between the said datum surface and the said feeler members is determined by the thickness of the said sheet material and any surface elevation on the sheet material will temporarily increase such distance, the said feeler members being mounted staggered so that the portions of the sheet material inspected by each individual feeler member are overlapping, each of the said feeler members also comprising part of an electrically reactive circuit element the other part of the said circuit element being the said datum member, the reactance of the said circuit element being a function of the distance between the said feeler member and the said datum member, also comprising a device adapted to give predetermined value.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Chilson 33-148 Mayne 33148 Collins 33-148 Lippke 324-61 Dexter et a1. 33-147 Giardino et a1. 33148 Slarnar 33-147 LEONARD FORMAN, Primary Examiner.
a signal output when the said reactance difiers from a 15 MARTIN, Assistant Examine"-
US397040A 1964-09-16 1964-09-16 Device for detecting surface elevations in sheet material Expired - Lifetime US3348313A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US397040A US3348313A (en) 1964-09-16 1964-09-16 Device for detecting surface elevations in sheet material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US397040A US3348313A (en) 1964-09-16 1964-09-16 Device for detecting surface elevations in sheet material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3348313A true US3348313A (en) 1967-10-24

Family

ID=23569636

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US397040A Expired - Lifetime US3348313A (en) 1964-09-16 1964-09-16 Device for detecting surface elevations in sheet material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3348313A (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3475956A (en) * 1967-12-01 1969-11-04 Cons Paper Inc Method and apparatus for detecting holes in a moving web
US3984767A (en) * 1973-10-22 1976-10-05 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Method and apparatus for testing anode flatness by capacitance measurement
DE2633351A1 (en) * 1976-07-24 1978-01-26 Hoesch Werke Ag DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE FLATNESS OF METAL STRIPS
EP0096742A2 (en) * 1982-06-05 1983-12-28 M.A.N.-ROLAND Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft Thickness measuring device for sheets arranged at the sheet conveyance path of paper processing machines
US4546645A (en) * 1982-05-26 1985-10-15 L'etat Francais Represente Par Le Ministere De L'urbanisme Et Du Logement, Laboratoire Central Des Ponts Et Chaussees Measuring device for the moisture content of granular materials
EP0303356A2 (en) * 1987-08-14 1989-02-15 Impact Systems, Inc. Scanning combination thickness and moisture gauge for moving sheet material
US5596283A (en) * 1991-06-26 1997-01-21 Digital Equipment Corporation Continuous motion electrical circuit interconnect test method and apparatus
US5917328A (en) * 1994-10-27 1999-06-29 Agr International, Inc. Container inspection apparatus for determining the wall thickness of non-round containers and associated method
DE102009022415B3 (en) * 2009-05-22 2010-09-23 Eastman Kodak Company Device for detecting unevenness of web substrate for printing machine, has sensor element with sensor head which is arranged adjacently or in contact with surface of web substrate provided in web path of printing machine

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1880802A (en) * 1930-07-24 1932-10-04 Warren A Chilson Electrical micrometer for continuously gauging the thickness of moving nonmagnetic material
US1925904A (en) * 1928-11-24 1933-09-05 Goodrich Co B F Method and apparatus for gauging sheet material
US2730807A (en) * 1951-08-09 1956-01-17 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Measuring device
US2870403A (en) * 1952-05-19 1959-01-20 Lippke Paul Device for dielectrically measuring the thickness of moving webs of material
US2932089A (en) * 1957-12-03 1960-04-12 Pratt & Whitney Co Inc Continuous electric dimension gage
US3000101A (en) * 1956-04-30 1961-09-19 Giardino Loris Electromechanical measuring apparatus
US3065415A (en) * 1960-01-07 1962-11-20 United States Steel Corp Continuous gage

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1925904A (en) * 1928-11-24 1933-09-05 Goodrich Co B F Method and apparatus for gauging sheet material
US1880802A (en) * 1930-07-24 1932-10-04 Warren A Chilson Electrical micrometer for continuously gauging the thickness of moving nonmagnetic material
US2730807A (en) * 1951-08-09 1956-01-17 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Measuring device
US2870403A (en) * 1952-05-19 1959-01-20 Lippke Paul Device for dielectrically measuring the thickness of moving webs of material
US3000101A (en) * 1956-04-30 1961-09-19 Giardino Loris Electromechanical measuring apparatus
US2932089A (en) * 1957-12-03 1960-04-12 Pratt & Whitney Co Inc Continuous electric dimension gage
US3065415A (en) * 1960-01-07 1962-11-20 United States Steel Corp Continuous gage

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3475956A (en) * 1967-12-01 1969-11-04 Cons Paper Inc Method and apparatus for detecting holes in a moving web
US3984767A (en) * 1973-10-22 1976-10-05 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Method and apparatus for testing anode flatness by capacitance measurement
DE2633351A1 (en) * 1976-07-24 1978-01-26 Hoesch Werke Ag DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE FLATNESS OF METAL STRIPS
US4546645A (en) * 1982-05-26 1985-10-15 L'etat Francais Represente Par Le Ministere De L'urbanisme Et Du Logement, Laboratoire Central Des Ponts Et Chaussees Measuring device for the moisture content of granular materials
EP0096742A2 (en) * 1982-06-05 1983-12-28 M.A.N.-ROLAND Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft Thickness measuring device for sheets arranged at the sheet conveyance path of paper processing machines
EP0096742A3 (en) * 1982-06-05 1985-05-22 M.A.N.-ROLAND Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft Thickness measuring device for sheets arranged at the sheet conveyance path of paper processing machines
EP0303356A2 (en) * 1987-08-14 1989-02-15 Impact Systems, Inc. Scanning combination thickness and moisture gauge for moving sheet material
EP0303356A3 (en) * 1987-08-14 1989-11-29 Impact Systems, Inc. Scanning combination thickness and moisture gauge for moving sheet material
US5596283A (en) * 1991-06-26 1997-01-21 Digital Equipment Corporation Continuous motion electrical circuit interconnect test method and apparatus
US5917328A (en) * 1994-10-27 1999-06-29 Agr International, Inc. Container inspection apparatus for determining the wall thickness of non-round containers and associated method
DE102009022415B3 (en) * 2009-05-22 2010-09-23 Eastman Kodak Company Device for detecting unevenness of web substrate for printing machine, has sensor element with sensor head which is arranged adjacently or in contact with surface of web substrate provided in web path of printing machine

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3519922A (en) Apparatus for detecting abrupt change in the thickness of sheet material
US3515987A (en) Coplanar dielectric probe having means for minimizing capacitance from stray sources
US2718620A (en) Means for measurement by electrical condenser of characteristics and conditions of material
US3348313A (en) Device for detecting surface elevations in sheet material
JPH01131401A (en) Scan type thickness gauge/water meter for mobile sheet material
US3046479A (en) Moisture content meter
US2786978A (en) Apparatus for measuring surface speed
RU96103368A (en) METHOD OF NON-CONTACT DYNAMIC MEASUREMENT OF A DIELECTRIC CONSTANT USING A CAPACITIVE SENSOR
EP0305013A3 (en) Inductive proximity sensor
GB908228A (en) Improvements in multi-frequency testing
US3012193A (en) Apparatus and method for measuring capacitivity of a material
KR840001354A (en) Coin tester using RL relaxation oscillator
US2939073A (en) Conductivity measuring instrument
US3867689A (en) Measuring apparatus utilizing variable impedance elements
US3339137A (en) Moisture determining apparatus having adjacent electrode pairs driven outof-phase
EP0329781B1 (en) Magnetic bridge devices
US3553668A (en) Method of and device for detecting surface elevations
US4226323A (en) Precision coin analyzer for numismatic application
JP2972332B2 (en) Coin checker
US2834202A (en) Apparatus for measuring hardness
US4875567A (en) Coin validation device
US1989037A (en) Thickness gauge
US3785447A (en) Weighing device for movable conveyors
US1792249A (en) Testing apparatus and method
JP2002536751A (en) Sensor for evaluating the dielectric properties of special paper