US3347735A - Double backed pile carpets of glass-plastic backings - Google Patents
Double backed pile carpets of glass-plastic backings Download PDFInfo
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- US3347735A US3347735A US3347735DA US3347735A US 3347735 A US3347735 A US 3347735A US 3347735D A US3347735D A US 3347735DA US 3347735 A US3347735 A US 3347735A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- strands
- glass
- backing
- fiber glass
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 Polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 28
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 26
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000126 Latex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000220010 Rhode Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D05—SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
- D05C—EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
- D05C17/00—Embroidered or tufted products; Base fabrics specially adapted for embroidered work; Inserts for producing surface irregularities in embroidered products
- D05C17/02—Tufted products
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/242—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads inorganic, e.g. basalt
- D03D15/267—Glass
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/44—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with specific cross-section or surface shape
- D03D15/46—Flat yarns, e.g. tapes or films
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/56—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads elastic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D27/00—Woven pile fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
- D10B2101/06—Glass
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
- D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/061—Load-responsive characteristics elastic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2503/00—Domestic or personal
- D10B2503/04—Floor or wall coverings; Carpets
- D10B2503/041—Carpet backings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
- Y10T428/23979—Particular backing structure or composition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
- Y10T428/23986—With coating, impregnation, or bond
Definitions
- a recent improvement in the construction of tufted pile fabrics has been the use of a backing formed of woven strands of synthetic plastic ribbons or yarns, in place of jute and similar natural yarns theretofore used.
- the synthetic yarns are far more uniform and provide for a more uniform pile pattern. They are also capable of being Woven so closely spaced together that there are substantially no interstices between them, and accordingly provide better anchorage for the piles.
- Synthetic yarns are however somewhat elastic, and also possess a plastic memory, which makes carpets formed on them relatively unstable dimensionally in that stresses created during the manufacturing process can relax over a period of time.
- efforts to overcome stress relieving relaxation has involved tentering and heat treatment operations aimed at removing trapped strains.
- tentering and heat treatment operations aimed at removing trapped strains.
- Such a carpeting will not be dimensionally stable in service and will require power stretching and tacking down.
- a dimensionally stable carpet having all the advantages of a synthetic yarn backing can be produced by forming the carpet initially on a primary backing and then adhesively applying a secondary backing.
- the two backings in combination provide synthetic strands which securely hold the pile, and also provide a crossed array of fiber glass strands which may also hold the piles and additionally serve to render the carpet substantially incapable of stretching or shrinkmg.
- the synthetic strands are polypropylene, but others known to the art are also satisfactory, as pointed out by Rhodes US. Patent No. 3,110,905.
- the primary backing may be formed entirely of synthetic plastic yarns or ribbons, in which case the secondary backing will consist entirely of fiber glass yarns.
- both the primary and secondary backings may consist of synthetic plastic yarns in one direction only, and have fiber glass yarns only in the other direction, and be combined in the carpet so that the fiber glass yarns in the secondary backing are at right angles to the fiber glass yarns in the primary backing.
- the primary backing it is preferable in the primary backing to have the fiber glass yarns in the warp so that the synthetic yarns which form the fill are not stretched during the weaving operation.
- the Warp may be entirely of fiber glass yarn or a mixture of fiber glass and other synthetics.
- Suitable yarns from which the primary and secondary backings are constructed are described in the pending application of Dildilian and Nicholas, Serial No. 360,523, filed April 17, 1964 (fiber glass) and in the above identified Rhodes Patent No. 3,110,905 (synthetic plastic). Both the fiber glass and synthetic strands may be either continuous filament yarns or staple yarns, or a mixture of the two, and all or part of the synthetic strands may also be in the form of ribbons.
- the strands are in the form of 1080 denier ribbons, which may be between li and inch in width of polypropylene.
- the piles may be of any conventional natural or synthetic material; their nature does not per se form any part of this invention.
- this fabric will be made out of 18 warp strands per inch, each having four hundred K filaments, and 9 fill strands per inch, each having 800 K filaments.
- any suitable adhesive may be employed to bond the secondary backing, e.g., a latex of polyvinyl acetate, or polybutadiene-styrene.
- the construction illustrated in FIG. 2 is made in the same manner as that illustrated in FIG. I and described above, and differs only in that the primary backing is composed of fiber glass warp strands, e.g., l8 strands per inch each having 400 K filaments, and polypropylene fill strands, e.g., 6 double ends per inch, each in the form of a 1080 denier ribbon, about A inch wide and 0.002 inch thick, formed of polypropylene.
- fiber glass warp strands e.g., l8 strands per inch each having 400 K filaments
- polypropylene fill strands e.g., 6 double ends per inch, each in the form of a 1080 denier ribbon, about A inch wide and 0.002 inch thick, formed of polypropylene.
- the secondary backing in the construction of FIG. 2 is formed of synthetic warp strands and fiber glass fill strands and is applied with the fiber glass fill strands running at right angles to the fiber glass Warp strands of the primary backing.
- each backing may have both synthetic and fiber glass in either direction, so long as one or both together provide fiber glass strands in both directions.
- the primary backing may very advantageously consist of warp strands of both fiber glass and polypropylene, arranged alternately, and polypropylene fill strands, and the secondary backing may then consist of polypropylene warp strands and fill strands of both fiber glass and polypropylene.
- this invention provides a carpet construction which substantially incorporates the advantages of a carpet construction featuring a backing of synthetic plastic strands while avoiding substantially entirely the disadvantageous dimensional instability characteristic of such carpet construction.
- a tufted pile fabric comprising a primary backing woven of strands of a synthetic plastic in one direction and strands of glass in the other direction, pile projections piercing said primary backing, and a secondary backing woven of strands of glass in one direction and strands of a synthetic plastic in the other direction adhesively secured to the back nonpile side of said primary backing, the fiber glass strands in the primary backing and secondary backing being at right angles to each other, said fiber glass strands rendering the fabric substantially incapable of stretching or shrinking.
- a tufted pile fabric comprising a primary backing Woven of strands of polyprepylene in one direction and strands of glass in the other direction, pile projections piercing said primary backing, and a secondary backing woven of strands of glass in one direction and strands of polypropylene in the other direction adhesively secured to the back nonpile side, the fiber glass strands in the primary backing and secondary backing being at right angles to each other, said fiber glass strands rendering the fabric substantially incapable of stretching or shrink- 3.
- a tufted pile fabric comprising a primary Woven backing having strands of a synthetic plastic in the fill direction and strands of glass in the warp direction, pile projections piercing said primary backing, and a secondary Woven backing having strands of glass in the fill direction and strands of a synthetic plastic in the Warp direction adhesively secured to the back nonpile side of the primary backing, the fiber glass strands in the primary backing and secondary backing being at right angles to each other, said fiber glass strands rendering the fabric substantially incapable of stretching or shrinking.
- a tufted pile fabric comprising a primary woven backing having strands of a synthetic plastic in the fill direction and strands of both synthetic plastic and glass in the Warp direction, pile projections piercing said primary backing, and a secondary woven backing having strands of glass in the fill direction and strands of synthetic plastic in the warp direction adhesively secured to the back nonpile side with the Warp directions parallel, said fiber glass strands rendering the fabric substantially incapable of stretching or shrinking.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carpets (AREA)
Description
Oct. 17, 1967 A. T. DILDILIAN 3,347,735
DOUBLE BACKED FILE CARPETS OF GLASS-PLASTIC BACKINGS Filed Nov. 2, 1964 Polypropylene Gloss Polypropylene Glass Glass Polypropylene INVENTOR. ARA T. DILDILIAN 4 ATTORNEYS United States Patent 3,347,735 DOUBLE BACKED PILE CARPETS 0F GLASS-PLASTIC BACKINGS Ara T. Dildilian, Fonda, N.Y., assignor to Fiber Glass Industries, Inc., Amsterdam, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed Nov. 2, 1964, Ser. No. 408,208 4 Claims. (Cl. 161-66) This invention consists in a novel tufted pile fabric, particularly in carpeting composed of a backing through which pile yarns have been tufted.
A recent improvement in the construction of tufted pile fabrics has been the use of a backing formed of woven strands of synthetic plastic ribbons or yarns, in place of jute and similar natural yarns theretofore used. The synthetic yarns are far more uniform and provide for a more uniform pile pattern. They are also capable of being Woven so closely spaced together that there are substantially no interstices between them, and accordingly provide better anchorage for the piles.
Synthetic yarns are however somewhat elastic, and also possess a plastic memory, which makes carpets formed on them relatively unstable dimensionally in that stresses created during the manufacturing process can relax over a period of time. Heretofore, efforts to overcome stress relieving relaxation has involved tentering and heat treatment operations aimed at removing trapped strains. However, it is still common for such carpeting to either shrink or expand by as much as /2 to 'l% under the stresses of manufacturing. Such a carpeting will not be dimensionally stable in service and will require power stretching and tacking down.
I have now discovered that a dimensionally stable carpet having all the advantages of a synthetic yarn backing can be produced by forming the carpet initially on a primary backing and then adhesively applying a secondary backing. The two backings in combination provide synthetic strands which securely hold the pile, and also provide a crossed array of fiber glass strands which may also hold the piles and additionally serve to render the carpet substantially incapable of stretching or shrinkmg.
Preferably, the synthetic strands are polypropylene, but others known to the art are also satisfactory, as pointed out by Rhodes US. Patent No. 3,110,905. The primary backing may be formed entirely of synthetic plastic yarns or ribbons, in which case the secondary backing will consist entirely of fiber glass yarns.
Alternatively, both the primary and secondary backings may consist of synthetic plastic yarns in one direction only, and have fiber glass yarns only in the other direction, and be combined in the carpet so that the fiber glass yarns in the secondary backing are at right angles to the fiber glass yarns in the primary backing.
In this construction it is preferable in the primary backing to have the fiber glass yarns in the warp so that the synthetic yarns which form the fill are not stretched during the weaving operation. The Warp may be entirely of fiber glass yarn or a mixture of fiber glass and other synthetics.
Suitable yarns from which the primary and secondary backings are constructed are described in the pending application of Dildilian and Nicholas, Serial No. 360,523, filed April 17, 1964 (fiber glass) and in the above identified Rhodes Patent No. 3,110,905 (synthetic plastic). Both the fiber glass and synthetic strands may be either continuous filament yarns or staple yarns, or a mixture of the two, and all or part of the synthetic strands may also be in the form of ribbons.
Carpet constructions embodying this invention are shown in the accompanying drawings in which:
3,347,735 Patented Oct. 17, 1967 backing consisting entirely of polypropylene strands. In
a preferred embodiment the strands are in the form of 1080 denier ribbons, which may be between li and inch in width of polypropylene.
The piles may be of any conventional natural or synthetic material; their nature does not per se form any part of this invention.
After the piles have been tufted to the backing an adhesive is applied to the back side and the secondary backing consisting entirely of interwoven fiber glass strands is applied. Typically, this fabric will be made out of 18 warp strands per inch, each having four hundred K filaments, and 9 fill strands per inch, each having 800 K filaments.
Any suitable adhesive may be employed to bond the secondary backing, e.g., a latex of polyvinyl acetate, or polybutadiene-styrene.
The construction illustrated in FIG. 2 is made in the same manner as that illustrated in FIG. I and described above, and differs only in that the primary backing is composed of fiber glass warp strands, e.g., l8 strands per inch each having 400 K filaments, and polypropylene fill strands, e.g., 6 double ends per inch, each in the form of a 1080 denier ribbon, about A inch wide and 0.002 inch thick, formed of polypropylene.
The secondary backing in the construction of FIG. 2 is formed of synthetic warp strands and fiber glass fill strands and is applied with the fiber glass fill strands running at right angles to the fiber glass Warp strands of the primary backing.
Inasmuch as the dimensional stability of the carpet construction of this invention largely depends on the presence of fiber glass strands in both longitudinal and transverse directions, it is also contemplated that each backing may have both synthetic and fiber glass in either direction, so long as one or both together provide fiber glass strands in both directions. For instance, the primary backing may very advantageously consist of warp strands of both fiber glass and polypropylene, arranged alternately, and polypropylene fill strands, and the secondary backing may then consist of polypropylene warp strands and fill strands of both fiber glass and polypropylene.
From the foregoing description it will be apparent that this invention provides a carpet construction which substantially incorporates the advantages of a carpet construction featuring a backing of synthetic plastic strands while avoiding substantially entirely the disadvantageous dimensional instability characteristic of such carpet construction.
Having thus disclosed my invention and described in detail preferred embodiments thereof, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:
1. A tufted pile fabric comprising a primary backing woven of strands of a synthetic plastic in one direction and strands of glass in the other direction, pile projections piercing said primary backing, and a secondary backing woven of strands of glass in one direction and strands of a synthetic plastic in the other direction adhesively secured to the back nonpile side of said primary backing, the fiber glass strands in the primary backing and secondary backing being at right angles to each other, said fiber glass strands rendering the fabric substantially incapable of stretching or shrinking.
2. A tufted pile fabric comprising a primary backing Woven of strands of polyprepylene in one direction and strands of glass in the other direction, pile projections piercing said primary backing, and a secondary backing woven of strands of glass in one direction and strands of polypropylene in the other direction adhesively secured to the back nonpile side, the fiber glass strands in the primary backing and secondary backing being at right angles to each other, said fiber glass strands rendering the fabric substantially incapable of stretching or shrink- 3. A tufted pile fabric comprising a primary Woven backing having strands of a synthetic plastic in the fill direction and strands of glass in the warp direction, pile projections piercing said primary backing, and a secondary Woven backing having strands of glass in the fill direction and strands of a synthetic plastic in the Warp direction adhesively secured to the back nonpile side of the primary backing, the fiber glass strands in the primary backing and secondary backing being at right angles to each other, said fiber glass strands rendering the fabric substantially incapable of stretching or shrinking.
4. A tufted pile fabric comprising a primary woven backing having strands of a synthetic plastic in the fill direction and strands of both synthetic plastic and glass in the Warp direction, pile projections piercing said primary backing, and a secondary woven backing having strands of glass in the fill direction and strands of synthetic plastic in the warp direction adhesively secured to the back nonpile side with the Warp directions parallel, said fiber glass strands rendering the fabric substantially incapable of stretching or shrinking.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,539,301 1/1951 Foster 161 2,983,028 5/1961 Cole 161-67 XR 3,110,905 11/1963 Rhodes 161-62 XR 3,238,595 3/1966 Schwartz et a1. 3,309,259 3/1967 Schwartz 16167 MORRIS SUSSMAN, Primary Examiner. ALEXANDER WYMAN, Examiner.
R. H. CRISS, Assistant Examiner.
Claims (1)
1. A TUFTED PILE FABRIC COMPRISING A PRIMARY BACKING WOVEN OF STRANDS OF A SYNTHETIC PLASTIC IN ONE DIRECTION AND STRANDS OF GLASS IN THE OTHER DIRECTION, PILE PROJECTIONS PIERCING SAID PRIMARY BACKING, AND A SECONDARY BACKING WOVEN OF STRANDS OF GLASS IN ONE DIRECTION AND STRANDS OF A SYNTHETIC PLASTIC IN THE OTHER DIRECTION ADHESIVELY SECURED TO THE BACK NONPILE SIDE OF SAID PRIMARY BACKING, THE FIBER GLASS STRANDS IN THE PRIMARY BACKING AND SECONDARY BACKING BEING AT RIGHT ANGLES TO EACH OTHER, SAID FIBER GLASS STRANDS RENDERING THE FABRIC SUBSTANTIALLY INCAPABLE OF STRETCHING OR SHRINKING.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3347735A true US3347735A (en) | 1967-10-17 |
Family
ID=3459458
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US3347735D Expired - Lifetime US3347735A (en) | Double backed pile carpets of glass-plastic backings |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3533893A (en) * | 1966-11-22 | 1970-10-13 | Fred W Hartstein | Decorative tufted fabric |
JPS58138416A (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1983-08-17 | ロンシール工業株式会社 | Tile-like carpet |
US5965650A (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-10-12 | Ludlow Composites Corporation | Floor coverings |
US6329016B1 (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2001-12-11 | Velcro Industries B.V. | Loop material for touch fastening |
US6342285B1 (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2002-01-29 | Velcro Industries B.V. | Fastener loop material, its manufacture, and products incorporating the material |
US6869659B2 (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2005-03-22 | Velcro Industries B.V. | Fastener loop material, its manufacture, and products incorporating the material |
US7048818B2 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2006-05-23 | Velcro Industries B.V. | Hook and loop fastening |
-
0
- US US3347735D patent/US3347735A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3533893A (en) * | 1966-11-22 | 1970-10-13 | Fred W Hartstein | Decorative tufted fabric |
JPS58138416A (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1983-08-17 | ロンシール工業株式会社 | Tile-like carpet |
JPS617087B2 (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1986-03-04 | Lonseal Kogyo Kk | |
US6329016B1 (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2001-12-11 | Velcro Industries B.V. | Loop material for touch fastening |
US6342285B1 (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2002-01-29 | Velcro Industries B.V. | Fastener loop material, its manufacture, and products incorporating the material |
US20020037390A1 (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 2002-03-28 | Shepard William H. | Loop material for touch fastening |
US6598276B2 (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2003-07-29 | Velcro Industries B.V. | Fastener loop material, its manufacture, and products incorporating the material |
US6783834B2 (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2004-08-31 | Velcro Industries B.V. | Loop material for touch fastening |
US6869659B2 (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2005-03-22 | Velcro Industries B.V. | Fastener loop material, its manufacture, and products incorporating the material |
US5965650A (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-10-12 | Ludlow Composites Corporation | Floor coverings |
US6150444A (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 2000-11-21 | Ludlow Composites Corporation | Floor coverings |
US7048818B2 (en) | 2000-03-14 | 2006-05-23 | Velcro Industries B.V. | Hook and loop fastening |
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