US3346036A - Process for the continuous casting of tubular products - Google Patents

Process for the continuous casting of tubular products Download PDF

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Publication number
US3346036A
US3346036A US424297A US42429765A US3346036A US 3346036 A US3346036 A US 3346036A US 424297 A US424297 A US 424297A US 42429765 A US42429765 A US 42429765A US 3346036 A US3346036 A US 3346036A
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Prior art keywords
casting
mold
molten metal
level
path
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Expired - Lifetime
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US424297A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tarmann Bruno
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gebrueder Boehler and Co AG
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Gebrueder Boehler and Co AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/006—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of tubes

Definitions

  • the invention provides a process for the continuous casting of tubular products, particularly tube blanks, in which, just as in the casting of solid products, molten material is poured in known manner in the top end of an open-ended mold for continuous casting and the partially solidified casting withdrawn from such mold is guided along an initially descending and then an ascending, curved path to a level in which the liquid part of the casting cannot rise further so that the liquid metal inside the casting rises only to that level as pouring and withdrawing of the casting is continued, whereas the casting drawn beyond said level is hollow.
  • the process according to the invention does not use a water-cooled mold core for shaping the cavity of the casting, all disadvantages previously caused by such water-cooled core are eliminated.
  • all means for holding, moving and cooling the mold core are eliminated so that the casting equipment is greatly simplified.
  • Known means which have proved satisfactory for casting solid products and are reliable in operation, may be used for charging and distributing the metal.
  • the conveyance and cooling of the casting when it has left the mold may also be carried out as in the case of solid castings.
  • the casting is not guided along a curved path only to the level of the mold outlet and then straightened, as is known, but its movement along a curved path is continued, e..g., to the level of liquid metal in the mold.
  • the pressure in the liquid core of the casting is just as high as the pressure of the atmosphere surrounding the casting if the surface of the liquid metal in the mold is also subjected to atmospheric pressure.
  • the curved casting ' will form an approximately U-shaped vessel having communicating limbs.
  • the melt extends from the surface of the molten metal in the mold to the point where the casting has again reached the level of this surface. That portion of the casting which rises above this liquid level is hollow and may be bent into a horizontal direction or may be cut into the desired lengths while moving further along an ascending path.
  • hollow bodies may also be made without opening the skin of the casting.
  • the casting must be moved along the ascending 'path at least to that level in which a vacuum will be formed inside the casting. This level will depend on the pressure conditions and is about 1.40 meters above the surface of the molten metal in the mold if this surface is subjected to normal atmospheric pressure. An increasing vacuum on this surface will lower the liquid level inside the casting toward that of the surface of the molten metal in the mold.
  • the tubular products made according to the invention have a perfectly tight wall.
  • This advantage can easily be understood because it is known that porous portions or voids formed during the solidification of wells are mainly formed where solidification fronts meet. In the process according to the invention, however, there is only one solidification front, which is shifted from the exterior surface of the casting in an inward direction and from the upper end of the melt in the ascending limb and forms the inside surface of the hollow casting. In casting tests, it has been found that the inside surface of the tubular casting formed in this manner is surprisingly smooth so that the tubular castings obtained by the invention are highly suitable for being processed into seamless tubes.
  • the process according to the invention is preferably carried out the aid of an arcuate mold, which is left by the casting in a curved form so that the initially thin and sensitive skin of the casting is not subjected to bending stress.
  • the surface of the molten metal in the mold may be particularly short so that tubular castings having a small wall thickness may be made.
  • a tubular casting may be made according to the invention as follows: Liquid steel is charged into a water-cooled mold for continuous casting in known manner from a conventional ladle with the aid of an offset tundish.
  • the mold cavity has a circular cross-section and is curved according to an arc of a circle, the axis of the mold cavity forming a part of a circle. Only a part of the casting is solidified in the mold so that the casting which emerges from the mold and is shaped according to an arc of a circle has a liquid core.
  • the casting is moved along a path which is also arcuate or circular to the level of the top of the mold by means of guide rollers, at least some of which are driven.
  • the casting is cooled further by sprayed cooling water so that its solidified skin increases in thickness.
  • the cold starter bar or plug is severed and an opening is formed in the skin of the casting by a torch approximately on the level where the liquid core of the casting begins.
  • the casting emerging upwardly from the guide path is straightened by a multiroller straightener and is then cut with cutting torches to the desired length.
  • the withdrawal of the casting must be interrupted until the casting has completely solidified because liquid steel would otherwise flow about the equipment. Hence, the last portion of the casting is not hollow.
  • a tubular casting made in this manner from steel containing, e.g., 1% carbon and 1.5% chromium has an outside diameter of about 150 mm. and an inside diameter of about 50 mm. when the mold cavity is 150 mm. in diameter, the radius of the curved axis of the mold cavity and of the curved guide means for the casting is 1.5 meters, and the pouring and withdrawing speed is 1.5 meters per minute, cooling water being used at the same rate as with solidcastings.
  • molds having a straight axis may be used and the casting may be guided along a curve (for instance of circular, parabolic or clothoid-shape) only from a point spaced below the mold with the aid of guide rollers.
  • the liquid core in the casting must have a liquid top surface exposed to the interior of the tubular casting.
  • the wall thickness of the tubular casting to be made is controlled by a suitable design of the curved path for the casting below the level of the melt in the mold and by a control of the pouring speed and/ or of the direct water cooling.
  • a suitable design of the curved path for the casting below the level of the melt in the mold and by a control of the pouring speed and/ or of the direct water cooling.
  • the uniformity of the wall thickness and the quallty of the inside surface of the tubular castings made according to the invention may be improved by the action of electromagnetic fields or of vibrators on the liquid core of the casting so as to agitate this liquid core and ensure an equalization of temperature.
  • the process according to the invention may be applied to special advantage to circular or square cross-sections.
  • the invention provides also improved apparatus for the continuous casting of tubular products.
  • Two embodiments of the invention are shown by way of example in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively, of the drawings in diagrammatic vertical sectional views, in which like reference numerals refer to analogous parts.
  • molten steel is discharged from a ladle 1 into an offset tundish 2, from which the melt is poured into the top end of a water-cooled mold for continuous casting.
  • This mold extends generally vertical and has open top and bottom ends.
  • the casting emerging from the bottom end of the mold has a solidified skin and a liquid core.
  • This casting is positively fed and guided along an arcuate path having a descending initial portion and an ascending succeeding portion by guiding rollers 4, which engage opposite sides of the casting. At least part of said guiding rollers 4 are driven feeding rollers, which serve to advance the casting along the curved path.
  • the ascending portion of the curved path defined by the guiding rollers 4 extends above the level of the top surface 7 of the liquid core of the castings 5 in the ascending portion of the curved path.
  • a torch symbolized by an arrow 6 may be applied to form an opening through the skin of the casting 5. Through this opening, the interior of the hollow casting above the liquid-gas interface 7 at the top of the liquid core communicates with the outside atmosphere and maintain barometric equilibrium.
  • This top surface of the liquid core is on the same level as the top surface of the molten material in the mold 3.
  • the guiding rollers 4 are arranged to feed the casting 5 as a hollow casting beyond the interface 7.
  • the two embodiments differ in that in FIG. 1 the axis of the mold 3 is curved according to an arc of a circle and the guiding rollers 4 are arranged so that the axis of the casting 5 guided by said rollers along the curved path follows an arc of the same circle as the axis of the mold.
  • the axis of the mold 3 is straight and the guiding rollers 4 are arranged to deflect the casting 5 gradually from the direction of the axis of the mold 3 into the curved path.
  • a process for the continuous casting of hollow metal products which comprises pouring molten metal into the top end of a generally downwardly extending open-ended mold of a desired internal configuration to continuously form the outer surface of the metal as it is poured into a casting in conformity with the internal configuration of the mold, withdrawing such casting having a solidified skin and a liquid core from the other end of the mold, moving said withdrawn casting from the mold in an arcuate path along an initially descending and a subsequently ascending, curved path extending upwardly to a level barometrically equivalent to the level of the molten metal in the mold, and establishing a barometric equilibrium between the surface of the molten metal in the mold and the molten metal in the core in the ascending path to provide a liquid-gas interface at the top of said liquid core in said casting in the ascending portion of said path, the casting fed beyond said interface being hollow.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US424297A 1964-01-16 1965-01-08 Process for the continuous casting of tubular products Expired - Lifetime US3346036A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT28264A AT253153B (de) 1964-01-16 1964-01-16 Verfahren zum Stranggießen von Hohlsträngen

Publications (1)

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US3346036A true US3346036A (en) 1967-10-10

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US424297A Expired - Lifetime US3346036A (en) 1964-01-16 1965-01-08 Process for the continuous casting of tubular products
US683055A Expired - Lifetime US3467170A (en) 1964-01-16 1967-10-09 Apparatus for the continuous casting of tubular products

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US683055A Expired - Lifetime US3467170A (en) 1964-01-16 1967-10-09 Apparatus for the continuous casting of tubular products

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US (2) US3346036A (US07943777-20110517-C00090.png)
AT (1) AT253153B (US07943777-20110517-C00090.png)
BE (1) BE658292A (US07943777-20110517-C00090.png)
DE (1) DE1263993B (US07943777-20110517-C00090.png)
ES (1) ES308143A1 (US07943777-20110517-C00090.png)
GB (1) GB1088909A (US07943777-20110517-C00090.png)
NL (1) NL146074B (US07943777-20110517-C00090.png)
SE (1) SE314483B (US07943777-20110517-C00090.png)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3603377A (en) * 1965-08-09 1971-09-07 Georgy Lukich Khim Curvilinear mold and secondary cooling system for continuously cast metal
US3743005A (en) * 1970-09-22 1973-07-03 Voest Ag Process for producing hot rolled three layer steel products from continuously cast hollow tubes
US3773103A (en) * 1970-07-21 1973-11-20 Concast Ag Continuous casting machine
US20110030914A1 (en) * 2009-08-07 2011-02-10 Sovema S.P.A. Continuous casting machine for forming a lead alloy strip of large thickness

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2414969A1 (fr) * 1978-01-23 1979-08-17 Creusot Loire Procede de coulee continue de metaux, notamment d'acier, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre et ebauche metallique creuse obtenue par ce procede

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2466612A (en) * 1946-07-02 1949-04-05 American Smelting Refining Continuously casting hollow metal shapes
US2473221A (en) * 1947-03-06 1949-06-14 Rossi Irving Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal tubes
US2763040A (en) * 1951-07-31 1956-09-18 Jervis Corp Method and apparatus for forming materials
US2947075A (en) * 1956-09-21 1960-08-02 Moossche Eisenwerke Ag Method for the continuous casting of metal strip, and strip casting plant for carrying out the method
US3045299A (en) * 1959-11-17 1962-07-24 Steigerwald Karl Heinz Reciprocating mold using a vacuum and pressure assist
FR1327931A (fr) * 1962-04-13 1963-05-24 Machine pour la coulée de pièces métalliques de longueur indéterminée, en particulier de tubes en bronze
US3153820A (en) * 1961-10-09 1964-10-27 Charles B Criner Apparatus for improving metal structure
US3157920A (en) * 1962-04-03 1964-11-24 Concast Ag Continuous casting plant with deflection of the casting

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3287773A (en) * 1963-12-03 1966-11-29 Amsted Ind Inc Method of level control for continuous casting

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2466612A (en) * 1946-07-02 1949-04-05 American Smelting Refining Continuously casting hollow metal shapes
US2473221A (en) * 1947-03-06 1949-06-14 Rossi Irving Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal tubes
US2763040A (en) * 1951-07-31 1956-09-18 Jervis Corp Method and apparatus for forming materials
US2947075A (en) * 1956-09-21 1960-08-02 Moossche Eisenwerke Ag Method for the continuous casting of metal strip, and strip casting plant for carrying out the method
US3045299A (en) * 1959-11-17 1962-07-24 Steigerwald Karl Heinz Reciprocating mold using a vacuum and pressure assist
US3153820A (en) * 1961-10-09 1964-10-27 Charles B Criner Apparatus for improving metal structure
US3157920A (en) * 1962-04-03 1964-11-24 Concast Ag Continuous casting plant with deflection of the casting
FR1327931A (fr) * 1962-04-13 1963-05-24 Machine pour la coulée de pièces métalliques de longueur indéterminée, en particulier de tubes en bronze

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3603377A (en) * 1965-08-09 1971-09-07 Georgy Lukich Khim Curvilinear mold and secondary cooling system for continuously cast metal
US3773103A (en) * 1970-07-21 1973-11-20 Concast Ag Continuous casting machine
US3743005A (en) * 1970-09-22 1973-07-03 Voest Ag Process for producing hot rolled three layer steel products from continuously cast hollow tubes
US20110030914A1 (en) * 2009-08-07 2011-02-10 Sovema S.P.A. Continuous casting machine for forming a lead alloy strip of large thickness
US8322399B2 (en) * 2009-08-07 2012-12-04 Sovema S.P.A. Continuous casting machine for forming a lead alloy strip of large thickness

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT253153B (de) 1967-03-28
DE1263993B (de) 1968-03-21
SE314483B (US07943777-20110517-C00090.png) 1969-09-08
GB1088909A (en) 1967-10-25
NL146074B (nl) 1975-06-16
NL6500509A (US07943777-20110517-C00090.png) 1965-07-19
US3467170A (en) 1969-09-16
BE658292A (US07943777-20110517-C00090.png) 1965-04-30
ES308143A1 (es) 1965-05-01

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