US334558A - bigelow - Google Patents

Description

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I (No Modl.) 4

E. B. BIGELOW.

LAMP.

Patentd Jan. 19, 1886.

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llll 0L imi jm aeaoori c VUNiTnn STATES PATENT Ormes.

EDMONDA B. BIGELOW, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, SOLO- MON L.`BIGNALL,AND CHARLES J. GLENN, ALL OF SAME PLACE.

LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 334.558, dated January' 19, 1886.

Apbncarion flied April 2o, 1884.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known'that'l, EDMOND B. BIGnLoW, residing atiChicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, and a citizen of the 5 United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps, of which the following isa full description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in Whichro Figure l is a vertical section of a handlamp; Fig. 2, an elevationof the central tube with the wick-holder in place; Fig. 3, acrosssection on line l 1 of Fig.' 2; Fig. 4, an elevation of the cone; Fig. 5, an elevation of the collar of the fountain by which the cone is attached; Fig. 6, an elevation of the fountain of a bracket-lamp, partly broken away at the l bottom; Fig. 7, an elevation of the upper end of the central tube.

2o The object of this invention is to improve the construction and operation of center-vent or Argand lamps, so as to adapt them more perfectly to the use of kerosene or other carbon oils; and its nature consists in the several combinations and improvements hereinafter set forth and claimed as new.

In the drawings, A indicates the fountain or vase; B, the base; C, the burner; D, the neck or collar of the burner; E, the fountain-collar;

3o a, the central tube; b, the supporting-tube for the fountain; c, the groove for supporting the lower bridge of the button-stem; d d', bridges l or spiders for supporting a button-stem; e, button-stem; f, button; g, the screw collar and thread by which the position of the button may be adjusted; h, wick-holder; t', notches or teeth for moving the wick-holder; j, hooks or Aprojections for insuring the movement of the wick with the holder; 7c, grooves in the wick- 40 holder for permitting it to pass the shaft of the wick-ratchet; l, wick-ratchet shaft; m, button for operating the wick-ratchet; n, the

2 ratchet; o, box located within the central tube for inclosing the wick-ratchet; p, side tube of the box o, for the wick-ratchet shaft; q, swelling or projection in the box o, for the inner end of the ratchet-shaft; r, vertical and horizontal slot in the collar D of the burner; s, a similar slot in the collar E of the fountain; t,

5o collar for attaching the lamp to a bracket or other support; a, hole in collar t, for connect- Serial No. 129,782. (No model.)

ing it with the lower end of the button-stem; o, vent-holes in base; w, wick-space; x, space for the exterior current of air; y, perforated sheet of metal or wire-gauze screen; c, upper contracted end of cone.

The lamp shown is usually made of brass or other sheet metal that can be spun, stamped, or pressed into the desired shapes of the form shown, or ofother suitable forms which are not a substantial departure therefrom.

The center tube, tais made of a length sufficient to pass from the upper end of the interior part of the burner down tothe top of the base, Vithin this tube is located a box or casing, o, whichvsurrounds the wick-ratchet and prevents oil from passing to the interior of the tube in use. This box, as shown in Fig. 3, is provided with a side tube, p, which surrounds the shaft l, and prevents the leak- 7o age of oil at this point. The swell q, for the inner end of the shaft Z, may be omitted, if desired, as the device works Well in use with, out it. lts use, however, gives the wickratchet a little steadier position.

The wick-holder is made in the form shown in Fig. 2, and is provided with notches or cross-bars to engage with the teeth of the ratchet u, by means of which the wick-holder is raised or lowered. The wick-holder is provided with small upwardly-inclined teeth j, as shown, which teeth engage with the wick and insure its uniform raising, but being made upwardly inclined, as shown, and of thin metal,so as to yield laterally. This holder can be run down, so as to make a new engagement with the wick after it has reached its upper limit in use, and by holding the wick against the tube a this wick-holder can be run down by the ratchet, and a new engagement is thus made with the wick without taking it out of the lamp and without removing more than the cone of the burner, thus doing away with the necessity of taking the lamp apart to readjust the wick, and as the wicks are originally inserted with their surplus material below the 'holden this arrangement does not interfere with putting a new wick into the lamp. This arrangement also enables me to use a short wick-holder, which gives the wick greater freedom within the body of the fountain.

The construction of the wick-raising ratchet IOO does not differ from ordinary constructions, except that the hole through the ratchet-wheel is square, and the corresponding part of the shaft Z is also square in cross-section. By this construction the ratchet-wheel can be placed in the box o, and the shaft Z slipped into it, and the rotation ofthe ratchet is thus secured, even though the soldering or pressing should be defective or become loosened by use, and thus become inoperative, which frequently happens when the shaft is round for lits entire length.

In the center of the central tube I locate the button-stem e, which is made of as small size of wire as will answer the purpose, and support it by the bridge d at the bottom, and I hold the upper end in position by the bridge or spider d', which bridge may be secured either to the center tube or to lthe stem, as may be most convenient.

In constructing lamps for the burning of carbon oil it is essential to make provision for the introduction of as largea body of air as is possible. For this reason I use as large a tube as can be properly made for the size of the burnerto be applied, and I make the stem e of as small a wire as will be sufficient to properly sustain the button, while the bridges or spiders are made as open as possible to give them sufcient strength to support the stem, thus giving the central tube as great a capacity as can be had with the fewest obstructions possible.

As shown in Fig. l, the buttonf is made adjustable by the screw g, so that a nice adjustment of the air-currents can be had, when desired. For cheap lamps and for lamps to be used by unskilled persons it will, however, be preferable to make the adjustment at the factory, and for this purpose the screw-thread may be omitted and the button be simply slipped on over the upper end of the stem e. The concave form of the button f is the most desirable form for use, as this construction prevents any eddying of the air-currents in contact with or in proximity to the fiame. This button, as will be seen from Fig. l, is nearly but not quite as large in diameter as the diameter of the cone z at its upper end. The cone is curved inward, as shown, so that as the combustible vapor ascends from the wick the exterior current of air is sharply impinged against it, and by reason of the large diameter of the button the interior current is also strongly impinged against the ascending current of vapor and flame, and by reason of this arrangement and adjustment of diameters between the cone and button and the narrow space between them a thorough intermixture of air is made with the vapor, and, the rapidly-ascending currents of air being thus made to practically cross each other, they have the effect of a blast, in addition to supplying and directing the proper amount of air to the vapor, and I thus produce a perfection of combustion, which I believe has not heretofore been attained in lamps for burning carbon oil.

For the purpose of readily separating the cone from the burner for cleaning purposes and the easy insertion of wicks, I provide the slipping collar D of the cone with the slot r, which is of the form commonly known as bayonet-catch, the locking-pin, however, in this case being the shaft Z of the wick-raiser. I also provide the collar E of the fountain with a similar slot, s; but in this construction it will be necessary for either this collar or the central tube to be adapted to partly rotate.

In this construction the ratchet-shaft is inserted in the vertical portion of the slot s, then it or the collar is turned to bring the shaft into the horizontal portion ofthe slot, the concis then inserted, the horizontal portion of the slot 1' passing the shaft Z, the collar D of the cone is then turned, so as to bring up the horizontal portion of this slot across the shaft Z, and thus close the opening for the shaft Z with a closer fitting than a round hole. By this ar rangement parts of the burner are easily separated for the purpose before mentioned. For cheaper lamps the central tube may be placed in position and rotated to the end of the slot s before it is soldered to the bottom ofthe fountain or other parts of the lamp.

The base B of the hand-lamp is provided with vent-openings o, which preventthe shutting off of the air by setting the lamp down, so that the central tube is at all times provided with a free and full current of air.

For the attachment of lamps to brackets, gas-fixtures, or other fixed support, I provide the collar t, shown in Fig. 6, with an interior screw-thread of the regulation size to fit these fixtures, and with a hole, u, to fit the lower end of the stem e. By means of this collar the lamp can be readily attached to any supporting-fixture and be readily put in position or lifted off by slipping the stem cinto or out of the hole u.

It will of course be understood that I do not lay any claim to the invention of an Argand or center-vent burner, myixnprovements in this respect being only such as are hereinafter claimed; and I do not claim, broadly, the application of teeth to a wick-holder. My improvement in this respect consists in placing the teeth at an upwardly-inclined angle, as described, so that the holder can be lowered, when desired, without taking the wick with it.

I do not claim the combination of a wickraising shaft with a slotted burner-tube, as such of itself is not my invention.

NVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The tube b, having groove c, in combination with the bridges or spiders d d', stem e, and button f, substantially as described.

2. The combination of tube a, tube p, and the ratchet-wheel covering-box o, located within tube a, substantially as described.

3. The oil-tight ratchet-wheel box 0, located within the tube a, and tube p, in combination ICO IIO

with the wheel n, and shaft Z, substantially as inclined and inwardly yielding spring-teeth j, described.` for effecting a new engagement with the wick 4.` The combination, with a tube, a, of a when the latter is held and the wick-holder 15 wick-holder, h, having upwardly-inelined and lowered, substantially as described.

5 laterally-yielding spring-teeth j, for the pur- 6. The screw-threaded collar` t, in combinapose of effecting a new engagement of the tion with the stem e and bridge d, substanteeth with the wick when the latter is heldtially as and for the purpose set forth. and the wick-holder is lowered, substantially as described i l EDMOND B. BIGELOW.

ro 5. The combination, with a'tube, a, of the Vitnesses:

wick-holder h, applied to slide directly on the ALBERT H. ADAMS, tube, and having the upwardly and outwardly O. W. BOND.

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