US3344211A - Methods of forming nuclear fuel bodies - Google Patents

Methods of forming nuclear fuel bodies Download PDF

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US3344211A
US3344211A US3344211DA US3344211A US 3344211 A US3344211 A US 3344211A US 3344211D A US3344211D A US 3344211DA US 3344211 A US3344211 A US 3344211A
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particles
binder
grains
drum
powder
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/42—Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel
    • G21C3/58—Solid reactor fuel Pellets made of fissile material
    • G21C3/62—Ceramic fuel
    • G21C3/626—Coated fuel particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/006—Coating of the granules without description of the process or the device by which the granules are obtained
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/42—Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel
    • G21C3/58—Solid reactor fuel Pellets made of fissile material
    • G21C3/62—Ceramic fuel
    • G21C3/64—Ceramic dispersion fuel, e.g. cermet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Particles are coated by tumbling in a drum with powder grains of a bindertreated coating material.
  • the binder is softened by contacting the powder grains with a binder solvent as the grains enter the drum, so that the particles acquire an outer coating of the grains by a snowballing effect.
  • the coating allows of the coated particles being formed into compacts by pressing and heating to set the binder, without the need for adding further filler or matrix material.
  • This invention relates to a method of treating particles.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to methods of forming nuclear fuel bodies which consist of a dispersion of particles containing nuclear fuel in a matrix.
  • Several methods of making these fuel bodies have been proposed hitherto. For instance it has been proposed to mix the fuel particles (each enclosed in a fission product retaining coating) with a carbonaceous powder material and a binder and to press the mixture in a die whilst heating to polymerise the binder.
  • Another method has been to fill in the spaces between a loose mass of particles by depositing carbon pyrolytically from the gas phase.
  • a third method, and one with which the invention is directly concerned is that of applying an outer coating to the particles thick enough to allow a batch of particles so coated to be moulded under pressure in the green state.
  • the advantage of the last mentioned method is that the difficulties which arise in trying to mix dense fuel particles with light powdered graphite are avoided, the total amount of carbon in the finished compact can be closely controlled and a considerable uniformity of distribution of particles can be easily achieved.
  • a method of treating particles resides in tumbling the particles in a drum into which powder grains which have been previously treated with a binder are introduced, and softening the binder by contacting the grains with a solvent for the binder as the grains enter the drum such that the particles acquire an outer coating of the powder grain by a snowballing effect.
  • a process for forming compacts containing nuclear fuel particles dispersed in a matrix material resides in applying to each of the particles an outer layer of matrix forming material by a method which resides in providing a supply of matrix forming material in powder form whose grains have been treated with a binder, tumbling the particles in a drum into which the powder grains of the matrix forming material are introduced as a free flowing powder, contacting the powder grains as they enter the drum with a mist of a volatile solvent for the binder, such that the particles acquire an outer coating of the powder grains by a snowballing effect, terminating the tumbling after the required amount of matrix forming material has been introduced and then forming a batch or mass of the particles so coated into compacts by pressing and heating to set the binder.
  • the particles are heated in vacuum to evaporate any solvent remaining after they are removed from the drum and prior to heating in the press.
  • the particles used in the process may have been precoated with a fission product retaining layer or layers before being tumbled with matrix forming material. Alternatively or additionally the whole compact may be enclosed in a fission product retaining coating layer or container.
  • the matrix forming material is preferably a carbonaceous material such as graphite and the nuclear fuel particles may be carbides of nuclear fuel metals, pre-coated with a fission product retaining layer of pyrolytic carbon.
  • a 2,000 kilogram batch of calcined petroleum coke (Shell H- reformer residue) was crushed, sieved to yield the particle size below 251 microns. The crushed coke was then micronised and the fraction below 50 microns was graphitised at 2600 C., the course fraction being reground.
  • the graphitised grains represented a 1500 kg. yield and these were mixed with a phenol formaldehyde resin dissolved insolvent. After mixing for half an hour, the material was removed from the mixer, the solvent having dried off. The product was then reduced to crumbs and sieved to select the particle fraction below 76 microns. The final yield which constituted the matrix forming material was 1100 kilograms, having a tap density of 1.16 grams/cc. This material was used to form compacts in the manner now described.
  • a batch of nuclear fuel particles pro-coated with pyrolytic carbon as a fission product retaining layer was placed in a rotary drum mounted for rotation on an axis which is inclined at a small angle to the horizontal and having one open end for the introduction of process materials.
  • the drum was rotated on its axis at a speed of about 30 r.p.m.
  • a supply of graphite grains of matrix forming material and a supply of binder solvent methylated spirit were mounted above the drum.
  • Suitable feed pipes were arranged to communicate the supply of grains and solvent with the interior of the drum, the pipes terminating within the drum at adjacent positions so that the grains and a mist of the solvent contacted one another after these material had left their feed pipes and before they impinged on the drum surface.
  • a rate of solvent injection of 10 cc. per hour was found adequate where the graphite grain-s were introduced at 600 grams per hour through an orifice 2 millimetres in diameter.
  • the tumbling and graphite introduction was maintained for about four hours and then stopped, by which time some 2,500 grams of graphite grains had been gathered up by the 500 grams of particles.
  • the particles were then removed from the drum and placed in a furnace where they were heated in vacuum up to 50 C. for half an hour to evaporate any solvent remaining.
  • the particles which had been easily handable without fear of crushing or disintegration since they were removed from the drum, were then divided into batches suitable for forming compacts.
  • the matrix forming material is a free flowing powder whose grains have been treated with and carry a binder, and said solvent is a volatile solvent for the binder.
  • a method as claimed in claim 2 including the step of forming a selected mass of the fuel particles so coated into compacts by pressing and heating to set the binder.
  • a method of forming compacts containing nuclear fuel particles dispersed in a matrix material comprising applying to each of the particles an outer layer of matrix forming material by a method which comprises providing a supply of matrix forming material in powder form whose grains have been treated with and carry a binder, tumbling the fuel particles in a drum into which the powder grains of the matrix forming material is introduced as a free flowing powder, contacting the powder grains as they enter the drum with a mist of a volatile solvent for the binder, such that the particles acquire an outer coating of the powder grains by a snowballing effect, terminating the tumbling after the required amount of matrix forming material has been introduced and then forming a selected mass of the patricles so coated into compacts by pressing and heating to set the binder.
  • a method of coating nuclear fuel particles which resides in mixing the grains of a matrix forming material with a binder dissolved in a solvent, drying off the solvent, reducing the resultant cake to crumbs, sieving the crumbs to select a powder fraction below a given size, introducing the fuel particles to be coated into a revolving drum, introducing the powder into the revolving drum, tumbling the fuel particles to be coated in the drum and contacting the binder-treated powder grains of coating material with a binder solvent mist immediately before they enter the drum so that they become susceptible to adhering to and coating the fuel particles tumbled in the drum, thus forming coated fuel particles which can be formed into compacts by pressing and heating without the need for further filler or matrix material.
  • a method of forming compacts containing particles of a first ceramic material dispersed in a second ceramic matrix material comprising applying to each of the particles of the first ceramic material an outer layer of the second ceramic matrix forming material by a method which comprises providing a supply of the second matrix forming material in powder form whose grains have been treated with and carry a binder, tumbling the particles of the first ceramic material in a drum into which the powder grains of the matrix forming material are introduced as a free flowing powder, contacting the powder grains as they enter the drum with a mist of a volatile solvent for the binder, such that the particles of the first ceramic material acquire an outer coating of the powder grains by a snowballing effect, terminating the tumbling after the required amount of matrix forming material has been introduced and then forming a selected mass of the particles so coated into compacts by pressing and heating to set the binder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)

Description

United States Patent 3,344,211 METHODS OF FORMING NUCLEAR FUEL BUDIES Geoffrey Brian Redding, Weymouth, and David Norman Lamb, Poole, England, assignors to United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, London, England No Drawing. Filed Oct. 20, 1965, Ser. No. 499,040 Claims priority, application Great Britain, Oct. 30, 1964, 44,460/64 8 Claims. (Cl. 264-.5)
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Particles, particularly nuclear fuel particles, are coated by tumbling in a drum with powder grains of a bindertreated coating material. The binder is softened by contacting the powder grains with a binder solvent as the grains enter the drum, so that the particles acquire an outer coating of the grains by a snowballing effect. The coating allows of the coated particles being formed into compacts by pressing and heating to set the binder, without the need for adding further filler or matrix material.
This invention relates to a method of treating particles.
The invention is particularly applicable to methods of forming nuclear fuel bodies which consist of a dispersion of particles containing nuclear fuel in a matrix. Several methods of making these fuel bodies have been proposed hitherto. For instance it has been proposed to mix the fuel particles (each enclosed in a fission product retaining coating) with a carbonaceous powder material and a binder and to press the mixture in a die whilst heating to polymerise the binder. Another method has been to fill in the spaces between a loose mass of particles by depositing carbon pyrolytically from the gas phase. A third method, and one with which the invention is directly concerned, is that of applying an outer coating to the particles thick enough to allow a batch of particles so coated to be moulded under pressure in the green state. The advantage of the last mentioned method is that the difficulties which arise in trying to mix dense fuel particles with light powdered graphite are avoided, the total amount of carbon in the finished compact can be closely controlled and a considerable uniformity of distribution of particles can be easily achieved.
It is one object of the invention to provide an improved method of applying an outer coating to fuel particles being a coating which allows of the particles being formed into compacts without the need for adding further filler or matrix material.
According to one aspect of the invention a method of treating particles resides in tumbling the particles in a drum into which powder grains which have been previously treated with a binder are introduced, and softening the binder by contacting the grains with a solvent for the binder as the grains enter the drum such that the particles acquire an outer coating of the powder grain by a snowballing effect.
According to the invention in another aspect a process for forming compacts containing nuclear fuel particles dispersed in a matrix material resides in applying to each of the particles an outer layer of matrix forming material by a method which resides in providing a supply of matrix forming material in powder form whose grains have been treated with a binder, tumbling the particles in a drum into which the powder grains of the matrix forming material are introduced as a free flowing powder, contacting the powder grains as they enter the drum with a mist of a volatile solvent for the binder, such that the particles acquire an outer coating of the powder grains by a snowballing effect, terminating the tumbling after the required amount of matrix forming material has been introduced and then forming a batch or mass of the particles so coated into compacts by pressing and heating to set the binder.
Preferably the particles are heated in vacuum to evaporate any solvent remaining after they are removed from the drum and prior to heating in the press.
The particles used in the process may have been precoated with a fission product retaining layer or layers before being tumbled with matrix forming material. Alternatively or additionally the whole compact may be enclosed in a fission product retaining coating layer or container. The matrix forming material is preferably a carbonaceous material such as graphite and the nuclear fuel particles may be carbides of nuclear fuel metals, pre-coated with a fission product retaining layer of pyrolytic carbon.
One process embodying the invention in which the preferred carbonaceous matrix is employed will now be described.
As a preliminary process step, a supply of powdered matrix forming material whose powder grains carry resin binder material was prepared as follows:
A 2,000 kilogram batch of calcined petroleum coke (Shell H- reformer residue) was crushed, sieved to yield the particle size below 251 microns. The crushed coke was then micronised and the fraction below 50 microns was graphitised at 2600 C., the course fraction being reground.
The graphitised grains represented a 1500 kg. yield and these were mixed with a phenol formaldehyde resin dissolved insolvent. After mixing for half an hour, the material was removed from the mixer, the solvent having dried off. The product was then reduced to crumbs and sieved to select the particle fraction below 76 microns. The final yield which constituted the matrix forming material was 1100 kilograms, having a tap density of 1.16 grams/cc. This material was used to form compacts in the manner now described.
A batch of nuclear fuel particles pro-coated with pyrolytic carbon as a fission product retaining layer was placed in a rotary drum mounted for rotation on an axis which is inclined at a small angle to the horizontal and having one open end for the introduction of process materials. The drum was rotated on its axis at a speed of about 30 r.p.m.
A supply of graphite grains of matrix forming material and a supply of binder solvent methylated spirit were mounted above the drum.
Suitable feed pipes were arranged to communicate the supply of grains and solvent with the interior of the drum, the pipes terminating within the drum at adjacent positions so that the grains and a mist of the solvent contacted one another after these material had left their feed pipes and before they impinged on the drum surface. A rate of solvent injection of 10 cc. per hour was found adequate where the graphite grain-s were introduced at 600 grams per hour through an orifice 2 millimetres in diameter.
As the solvent mist made contact with the graphite grains, the resin content of the latter becomes softened and so the grains tended to stick to the surfaces of the tumbling particles which grow in size owing to the snowball effect. An outer coating is thus applied to each particle which is spherical in shape due to the tumbling motion of the particlesBy proper adjustment of the graphite and solvent feed a substantially even distribution of graphite amongst the charge of particles was achieved resulting in a substantially uniform coating on each particle.
The tumbling and graphite introduction was maintained for about four hours and then stopped, by which time some 2,500 grams of graphite grains had been gathered up by the 500 grams of particles. The particles were then removed from the drum and placed in a furnace where they were heated in vacuum up to 50 C. for half an hour to evaporate any solvent remaining.
The particles, which had been easily handable without fear of crushing or disintegration since they were removed from the drum, were then divided into batches suitable for forming compacts.
This was done by weighing out the quantity previously found to be appropriate for filling a die, which is capable of being heated electrically. The correct quantity was then placed in the die which was then closed and placed in a press. The filling was then subjected to 1,000 p.s.i. whilst it was simultaneously heated to 800 C. At this temperature the phenol formaldehyde binder polymerised and the outer coating around each layer deformed to fill any voids between the particles or between the particles and the inner surface of the die. The compact was then removed from the die.
By following the above procedure, not only are the correct proportions of filler and particles in the compact ensured, but also the correct amount and distribution of the binder.
We claim:
1. A method of applying to nuclear fuel particles an outer coating which resides in tumbling the fuel particles in a drum into which powder grains of a matrix material which have been previously treated with a binder are introduced, and softening the binder by contacting the powder grains with a solvent for the binder as the grains enter the drum such that the fuel particles acquire an outer coating of the powder grains by a snowballing effect, which coating allows of the fuel particles being formed into compacts by pressing and heating without the need for adding further filler or matrix material.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the matrix forming material is a free flowing powder whose grains have been treated with and carry a binder, and said solvent is a volatile solvent for the binder.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2 including the step of forming a selected mass of the fuel particles so coated into compacts by pressing and heating to set the binder.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1 in which the powder grains are of carbonaceous material and have been treated by mixing such grains below 50 microns with a liquid resin binder, allowing the solvent to evaporate, forming the product into crumbs, and selecting a suitable size fraction.
5. A method of forming compacts containing nuclear fuel particles dispersed in a matrix material comprising applying to each of the particles an outer layer of matrix forming material by a method which comprises providing a supply of matrix forming material in powder form whose grains have been treated with and carry a binder, tumbling the fuel particles in a drum into which the powder grains of the matrix forming material is introduced as a free flowing powder, contacting the powder grains as they enter the drum with a mist of a volatile solvent for the binder, such that the particles acquire an outer coating of the powder grains by a snowballing effect, terminating the tumbling after the required amount of matrix forming material has been introduced and then forming a selected mass of the patricles so coated into compacts by pressing and heating to set the binder.
6. A method of coating nuclear fuel particles which resides in mixing the grains of a matrix forming material with a binder dissolved in a solvent, drying off the solvent, reducing the resultant cake to crumbs, sieving the crumbs to select a powder fraction below a given size, introducing the fuel particles to be coated into a revolving drum, introducing the powder into the revolving drum, tumbling the fuel particles to be coated in the drum and contacting the binder-treated powder grains of coating material with a binder solvent mist immediately before they enter the drum so that they become susceptible to adhering to and coating the fuel particles tumbled in the drum, thus forming coated fuel particles which can be formed into compacts by pressing and heating without the need for further filler or matrix material.
7. A method as claimed in claim 5 in which the matrix forming material is petroleum coke grains coated with phenol formaldehyde.
8. A method of forming compacts containing particles of a first ceramic material dispersed in a second ceramic matrix material comprising applying to each of the particles of the first ceramic material an outer layer of the second ceramic matrix forming material by a method which comprises providing a supply of the second matrix forming material in powder form whose grains have been treated with and carry a binder, tumbling the particles of the first ceramic material in a drum into which the powder grains of the matrix forming material are introduced as a free flowing powder, contacting the powder grains as they enter the drum with a mist of a volatile solvent for the binder, such that the particles of the first ceramic material acquire an outer coating of the powder grains by a snowballing effect, terminating the tumbling after the required amount of matrix forming material has been introduced and then forming a selected mass of the particles so coated into compacts by pressing and heating to set the binder.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,105,864 8/1914 Waddell 2643 3,173,973 3/1965 Brockway 264.5 3,211,812 10/1965 Johnson et al. 264.5
OTHER REFERENCES AEC Documents: (1) BMI-l321, 1959, pp. 1-3. (2) BMI-1579, 1963, pp. C-l to C4.
L. DEWAYNE RUTLEDGE, Primary Examiner.

Claims (2)

1. A METHOD OF APPLYING TO NUCLEAR FUEL PARTICLES A OUTER COATING WHICH RESIDES IN TUMBLING THE FUEL PARTICLES IN A DRUM INTO WHICH POWDER GRAINS OF A MATRIX MATERIAL WHICH HAVE PREVIOUSLY TREATED WITH A BINDER ARE INTODUCED, AND SOFTENING THE BINDER BY CONTACTING THE POWDER GRAINS WITH A SOLVENT FOR THE BINDER AS THE GRAINS ENTER THE DRUM SUCH THAT THE FUEL PARTICLES ACQUIRE AN OUTER COATING OF THE POWDER GRAINS BY A SNOWBALLING EFFECT, WHICH COATING ALLOWS OF THE FUEL PARTICLES BEING FORMED INTO COMPACTS BY PRESSING HEATING WITHOUT THE NEED FOR ADDING FURTHER FILLER OR MATRIX MATERIAL.
5. A METHOD OF FORMING COMPACTS CONTAINING NUCLEAR FUEL PARTICLES DISPERSED IN A MATRIX MATERIAL COMPRISING APPLYING TO EACH OF THE PARTICLES AN OUTER LAYER OF MATRIX FORMING MATERIAL BY A METHOD OF WHICH COMPRISES PROVIDING A SUPPLY OF MATRIX FORMING MATERIAL IN POWDER FORM WHOSE GRAINS HAVE BEEN TREATED WITH AND CARRY A BINDER, TUMBLING THE FUEL PARTICLES IN A DRUM INTO WHICH THE POWDER GRAINS OF THE MATRIX FORMING MATERIAL IS INTRODUCED AS A FREE FLOWING POWDER, CONTACTING THE POWDER GRAINS AS THEY ENTER THE DRUM WITH A MIST OF A VOLATILE SOLVENT FOR THE BINDER, SUCH THAT THE PARTICLES ACQUIRE AN OUTER COATING OF THE POWDER GRAINS BY A SNOWBALLING EFFECT, TERMINATING THE TUMBLING AFTER THE REQUIRED AMOUNT OF MATRIX FORMING MATERIAL HAS BEEN INTRODUCED AND THEN FORMING A SELECTED MASS OF THE PARTICLES SO COATED INTO COMPACTS BY PRESSING AND HEATING TO SET THE BINDER.
US3344211D 1964-10-30 Methods of forming nuclear fuel bodies Expired - Lifetime US3344211A (en)

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GB44460/64A GB1081447A (en) 1964-10-30 1964-10-30 Improvements in or relating to methods of forming nuclear fuel bodies

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BE (1) BE671420A (en)
CH (1) CH430896A (en)
DE (1) DE1571445C3 (en)
GB (1) GB1081447A (en)
NL (1) NL6514057A (en)
SE (1) SE316247B (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3419387A (en) * 1967-07-24 1968-12-31 Atomic Energy Commission Usa Process of making high loaded uo2-columbium cermets
US3429699A (en) * 1967-07-24 1969-02-25 Atomic Energy Commission High loaded uo2-columbium cermets
US3492382A (en) * 1965-08-09 1970-01-27 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Manufacture of graphite
US3492379A (en) * 1966-04-28 1970-01-27 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Method of preparing nuclear fuel elements incorporating fission product retaining fuel particles
US3668283A (en) * 1968-09-23 1972-06-06 Commissariat Energie Atomique Process for the fabrication of nuclear fuel elements
US3708559A (en) * 1970-03-27 1973-01-02 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Method of making nuclear fuel-containing bodies
US3907948A (en) * 1969-06-27 1975-09-23 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Method of making fuel and fertile elements for nuclear-reactor cores
US3949026A (en) * 1972-04-25 1976-04-06 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Method of fabrication of fuel elements for nuclear reactors

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3704167C1 (en) * 1987-02-11 1988-08-18 Hobeg Hochtemperaturreaktor Process for coating granulated material

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3492382A (en) * 1965-08-09 1970-01-27 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Manufacture of graphite
US3492379A (en) * 1966-04-28 1970-01-27 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Method of preparing nuclear fuel elements incorporating fission product retaining fuel particles
US3419387A (en) * 1967-07-24 1968-12-31 Atomic Energy Commission Usa Process of making high loaded uo2-columbium cermets
US3429699A (en) * 1967-07-24 1969-02-25 Atomic Energy Commission High loaded uo2-columbium cermets
US3668283A (en) * 1968-09-23 1972-06-06 Commissariat Energie Atomique Process for the fabrication of nuclear fuel elements
US3907948A (en) * 1969-06-27 1975-09-23 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Method of making fuel and fertile elements for nuclear-reactor cores
US3708559A (en) * 1970-03-27 1973-01-02 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Method of making nuclear fuel-containing bodies
US3949026A (en) * 1972-04-25 1976-04-06 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Method of fabrication of fuel elements for nuclear reactors

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BE671420A (en) 1966-04-26
CH430896A (en) 1967-02-28
AT263959B (en) 1968-08-12
SE316247B (en) 1969-10-20
DE1571445B2 (en) 1973-09-20
DE1571445A1 (en) 1970-12-10
DE1571445C3 (en) 1974-04-18
NL6514057A (en) 1966-05-02
GB1081447A (en) 1967-08-31

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