US3343890A - Apparatus for reducing casing wear during drilling operations - Google Patents

Apparatus for reducing casing wear during drilling operations Download PDF

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Publication number
US3343890A
US3343890A US426056A US42605665A US3343890A US 3343890 A US3343890 A US 3343890A US 426056 A US426056 A US 426056A US 42605665 A US42605665 A US 42605665A US 3343890 A US3343890 A US 3343890A
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annular
band
support member
faces
affixed
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US426056A
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Joseph F Homer
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ExxonMobil Upstream Research Co
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Exxon Production Research Co
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1042Elastomer protector or centering means

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the drilling of boreholes in the earth using the hydraulic rotary drilling technique, and more particularly to the prevention of abrasion between a drill pipe and the protective casing in the upper :portion of a borehole.
  • drilling fluid is continuously flowed through the bore of an elongated drill pipe and through a bit connected to the lower end of the drill pipe, and is returned upwardly through the annulus between the drill pipe and the walls of the borehole, carrying with it in suspension detritus such as rock cuttings, which is removed from the formation by the drilling process.
  • the borehole that is drilled is never absolutely vertical but generally follows a helical or corkscrew path.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the wear protector illustrated in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates another, preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention that is particularly useful when it is anticipated that varied wear conditions will be encountered as the drill string progresses down the well bore.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a pair if a drill pipe sections 1 and 3 connected together by a pin and box coupling, the pin of drill pipe section 1 being designated by the reference numeral 7, and the box of drill pipe section 3 being designated by the reference numeral 5.
  • the drill pipe sections are annular so that an axial bore extends therethrough, through which drilling fluids may be pumped, as described above.
  • the pin end of drill pipe section 1 is faced so as to provide an annular recess between the opposed matching faces of the drill pipe sections when the joint is made up.
  • An annular wear material support member 17 having a diameter somewhat greater than that of the pin and box coupling extends around the drill pipe at the coupling.
  • An annular flange 13 is connected to the support member 17 and extends into the recesses between opposed faces 9 and 11.
  • the thickness of the flange 13 is substantially that of the distance between the faces 9 and 11 so that the flange is supported and slightly squeezed therebetween.
  • An annular band of a wear material 15 is aflixed to the wear material support member 17, the band being formed of a material that is softer than the casing steel and has a low coeflicient of friction with the casing steel.
  • the wear material is formed of Teflon in applications where it is required to be quite resilient, as when the casing material is quite rough.
  • Teflon which is tetrafluoroethylene polymer
  • the wear material 15 may be molded to the support member 17, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, so that a portion of the wear material occupies the space between the support member 17 and the drill pipe section.
  • the support member 19 has a diameter only slightly greater than that of coupling section 5 so as to fit snugly on coupling section 5. It is to be noted that the support member 19 extends only around coupling section 5 and not around the upper drill string section 1.
  • An annular ridge 27 projects from the face 11 of coupling section 5.
  • the annular band of wear material 21 is aflixed to support member 19 by cutting an annular groove in the support member 19 for receiving the band of wear material, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the wear material may be glued to the support member 19 using a highly adhesive glue such as an epoxy resin.
  • the band of wear material may comprise material other than Teflon and rubber.
  • an inner band of aluminum 31 may be used as the wear material along with an outer band of rubber 33 glued thereto having a plurality of Teflon inserts 35 circumferentially spaced thereabout and extending through the rubber 33 and aflixed to the aluminum band 31.
  • the rubber and Teflon can be used when the upper portion of the casing is quite rough and, when they are worn away, the aluminum will be exposed for use when smooth casing surfaces are encountered in the lower portion of the easing string.
  • first and second drill pipe sections connected together by a box and pin coupling and having opposed annular faces therebetween at the ends thereof, said opposed faces being spaced apart when said sections are connected together;
  • annular wear material support member fitted around at least one of said sections at said coupling
  • annular flange projecting inwardly from said support member into the space between said annular faces and having annular grooves therein matingly engaging said annular ridges;
  • annular band of wear material affixed to said support member, said annular band of wear material comprising an annular aluminum band affixed to said support member, an annular rubber band affixed to said aluminum band, and a plurality of plastic inserts extending through said rubber band and affixed to said aluminum band.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Description

Sept. 26, 1967 J. F. HOMER 3,343,890
APPARATUS FOR REDUCING CASING WEAR DURING DRILLING OPERATIONS Filed Jan. 18, 1 965 i I k 1 I f, l3
1 2s 26 ll I I 5/ l I 27 2 E \l '9 l I '9 i g I FIG 3 INVENTOR.
JOSEPH F. HOMER, BY
ALB. BMLQ ATTORNEY- United States Patent 3,343,890 APPARATUS FOR REDUCING CASING WEAR DURING DRILLING OPERATIONS Joseph F. Homer, Stamford, Conn., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Esso Production Research Company,
Houston, Tex, a corporation of Delaware Filed Jan. 18, 1965, Ser. No. 426,056 2 Claims. (Cl. 3084) This invention relates generally to the drilling of boreholes in the earth using the hydraulic rotary drilling technique, and more particularly to the prevention of abrasion between a drill pipe and the protective casing in the upper :portion of a borehole.
In the drilling of boreholes in the earth using the hydraulic rotary drilling techniques, drilling fluid is continuously flowed through the bore of an elongated drill pipe and through a bit connected to the lower end of the drill pipe, and is returned upwardly through the annulus between the drill pipe and the walls of the borehole, carrying with it in suspension detritus such as rock cuttings, which is removed from the formation by the drilling process. The borehole that is drilled is never absolutely vertical but generally follows a helical or corkscrew path.
Usually, it is necessary to set a protective string of casing in the upper portion of the borehole prior to reaching total depth to prevent the entry of undesired fluids into the borehole or the loss of drilling fluids to surrounding earth formations. After the protective casing string has been set, it is the usual practice to proceed with drilling operations through the casing and into the geologic strata below. During the drilling process, considerable wear of the casing takes place as the result of abrasive action caused by the rotation and reciprocation 0f the string of drill pipe against the inner casing wall over a period of time. The fact that the borehole follows a corkscrew or helical path substantially increases the wearing action.
Various devices have been used in the past for the purpose of reducing casing wear brought about as the result of the action described above. For example, it has been known to strap wearable materials to the drill pipe that is softer than the surrounding casing so that the wearable material will be worn away rather than the easing. The wearable materials are strapped to the drill pipe at intervals therealong rather than being aflixed to the pipe along its entire length. One reason that such devices have not met with wide acceptance is that, generally speaking, it has been quite diificult to securely aflix such devices to the pipe string without damage to the pipe string.
Objects and features of the invention not apparent from the above discussion will become evident upon consideration of the following detailed description of the invention taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the wear protector illustrated in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 illustrates another, preferred embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 4 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention that is particularly useful when it is anticipated that varied wear conditions will be encountered as the drill string progresses down the well bore.
With reference now to FIG. 1, there is shown a pair if a drill pipe sections 1 and 3 connected together by a pin and box coupling, the pin of drill pipe section 1 being designated by the reference numeral 7, and the box of drill pipe section 3 being designated by the reference numeral 5. The drill pipe sections are annular so that an axial bore extends therethrough, through which drilling fluids may be pumped, as described above. The pin end of drill pipe section 1 is faced so as to provide an annular recess between the opposed matching faces of the drill pipe sections when the joint is made up. An annular wear material support member 17 having a diameter somewhat greater than that of the pin and box coupling extends around the drill pipe at the coupling. An annular flange 13 is connected to the support member 17 and extends into the recesses between opposed faces 9 and 11. The thickness of the flange 13 is substantially that of the distance between the faces 9 and 11 so that the flange is supported and slightly squeezed therebetween. An annular band of a wear material 15 is aflixed to the wear material support member 17, the band being formed of a material that is softer than the casing steel and has a low coeflicient of friction with the casing steel. Preferably, the wear material is formed of Teflon in applications where it is required to be quite resilient, as when the casing material is quite rough. The advantage of Teflon, which is tetrafluoroethylene polymer, is that it does not absorb gas as does rubber and so does not have the tendency to blow up or split, as is exhibited by rubber when a considerable amount of gas or other hydrocarbons is in the drilling fluid. The wear material 15 may be molded to the support member 17, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, so that a portion of the wear material occupies the space between the support member 17 and the drill pipe section.
In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 3, the support member 19 has a diameter only slightly greater than that of coupling section 5 so as to fit snugly on coupling section 5. It is to be noted that the support member 19 extends only around coupling section 5 and not around the upper drill string section 1. An annular ridge 27 projects from the face 11 of coupling section 5. Annular flange 23, which extends into the recess between the opposed faces of the drill string sections 1 and 5, is provided with annular grooves 25 and 26 in the upper and lower faces thereof so that an O-ring (not shown) can be fitted into the upper groove 25 to improve the seal between the face 9 of drill pipe section 1, and so that the lower groove 26 can matingly engage the annular ridge 27 projecting from face 11. The annular band of wear material 21 is aflixed to support member 19 by cutting an annular groove in the support member 19 for receiving the band of wear material, as shown in FIG. 3. If desired, the wear material may be glued to the support member 19 using a highly adhesive glue such as an epoxy resin.
The band of wear material may comprise material other than Teflon and rubber. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, an inner band of aluminum 31 may be used as the wear material along with an outer band of rubber 33 glued thereto having a plurality of Teflon inserts 35 circumferentially spaced thereabout and extending through the rubber 33 and aflixed to the aluminum band 31. In this manner the wear material can be matched to the wear conditions that exist in the borehole. The rubber and Teflon can be used when the upper portion of the casing is quite rough and, when they are worn away, the aluminum will be exposed for use when smooth casing surfaces are encountered in the lower portion of the easing string.
Although the embodiments disclosed in the preceding specification are preferred, other modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art which do not depart from the scope of the broadest aspects of the invention.
What is claimed is:
1. In combination:
first and second drill pipe sections connected together by a box and pin coupling and having opposed annular faces therebetween at the ends thereof, said opposed faces being spaced apart when said sections are connected together;
an annular ridge projecting from each said faces;
an annular wear material support member fitted around at least one of said sections at said coupling;
an annular flange projecting inwardly from said support member into the space between said annular faces and having annular grooves therein matingly engaging said annular ridges; and
an annular band of wear material affixed to said support member, said annular band of wear material comprising an annular aluminum band affixed to said support member, an annular rubber band affixed to said aluminum band, and a plurality of plastic inserts extending through said rubber band and affixed to said aluminum band.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Maule 28S-333 X Hinderliter 285369 X Boice 3084 Boice 3084 Boice 3084 Bodine 3084 Ward 308-4 Hobbs 285-336 X Ell 3084 15 MARTIN P. SCHWADRON, Primary Examiner.
L. L. JOHNSON, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. IN COMBINATION: FIRST AND SECOND DRILL PIPE SECTIONS CONNECTED TOGETHER BY A BOX AND PIN COUPLING AND HAVING OPPOSED ANNULAR FACES THEREBETWEEN AT THE ENDS THEREOF, SAID OPPOSED FACES BEING SPACED APART WHEN SAID SECTIONS ARE CONNECTED TOGETHER; AN ANNULAR RIDGE PROJECTING FROM EACH SAID FACES; AN ANNULAR WEAR MATERIAL SUPPORT MEMBER FITTED AROUND AT LEAST ONE OF SAID SECTIONS AT SAID COUPLING; AN ANNULAR FLANGE PROJECTING INWARDLY FROM SAID SUPPORT MEMBER INTO THE SPACE BETWEEN SAID ANNULAR FACES AND HAVING ANNULAR GROOVES THEREIN MATINGLY ENGAGING SAID ANNULAR RIDGES; AND AN ANNULAR BAND OF WEAR MATERIAL AFFIXED TO SAID SUPPORT MEMBER, SAID ANNULAR BAND OF WEAR MATERIAL COMPRISING AN ANNULAR ALUMINUM BAND AFFIXED TO SAID SUPPORT MEMBER, AN ANNULAR RUBBER BAND AFFIXED TO SAID ALUMINUM BAND, AND A PLURALITY OF PLASTIC INSERTS EXTENDING THROUGH SAID RUBBER BAND AND AFFIXED TO SAID ALUMINUM BAND.
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Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3420323A (en) * 1967-02-23 1969-01-07 Land & Marine Rental Co Drill stabilizer tool
US3480094A (en) * 1968-03-21 1969-11-25 James B N Morris Drill collar for protecting drill string
US3652138A (en) * 1970-04-23 1972-03-28 Charles H Collett Self-locking snap-on collar for oil well operations
US3666013A (en) * 1969-12-30 1972-05-30 Texaco Inc Reinforced concrete stabilizer for an insulated tubing string in a secondary recovery steam stimulation operation
FR2173831A1 (en) * 1972-03-03 1973-10-12 Collett Charles Snap fitting well pipe collar - with embedded spring ring having tongue and slot connection
US3909467A (en) * 1973-08-22 1975-09-30 Randolph Co Downhole tool
US3978933A (en) * 1975-01-27 1976-09-07 Smith International, Inc. Bit-adjacent stabilizer and steel
US3981359A (en) * 1975-10-21 1976-09-21 Uop Inc. Centralizer element for well screen
US4796670A (en) * 1987-10-15 1989-01-10 Exxon Production Research Company Drill pipe protector
US4832137A (en) * 1986-05-29 1989-05-23 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for protecting a pipe casing from a drill pipe string
US4907661A (en) * 1987-05-21 1990-03-13 Giselle Mary Herrera Drill pipe tubing and casing protectors
US5009826A (en) * 1986-05-29 1991-04-23 Phillips Petroleum Company Method of molding a composite drill collar
US5390749A (en) * 1994-01-31 1995-02-21 Ingersoll-Rand Company Apparatus for positioning a split retaining ring in a down-hole percussive drill
US5901798A (en) * 1993-10-14 1999-05-11 Hydril U.K. Limited Drill pipe tubing and casing protectors
US20040206726A1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2004-10-21 Daemen Roger Auguste Hardfacing alloy, methods, and products
US20070089908A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-04-26 Smith International, Inc. Secondary retainer for a downhole hammer bit
WO2007071624A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-28 Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas France External protection for expanding tubular threaded joints
US20070209839A1 (en) * 2006-03-08 2007-09-13 ATT Technology Trust, Ltd. d/b/a Arnco Technology Trust, Ltd. System and method for reducing wear in drill pipe sections
US20080185187A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2008-08-07 Smith International, Inc. Snap ringed bit retainer ring
US20090258250A1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2009-10-15 ATT Technology, Ltd. d/b/a Amco Technology Trust, Ltd. Balanced Composition Hardfacing Alloy
US20140270624A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Omnisens Sa Method for installing a sensing cable along a pipeline
US9702197B2 (en) 2014-04-29 2017-07-11 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Reamer shoe attachment for flexible casing shoe
US10352148B2 (en) 2014-04-02 2019-07-16 Landmark Graphics Corporation Estimating casing wear using models incorporating bending stiffness
US10597998B2 (en) 2014-09-08 2020-03-24 Landmark Graphics Corporation Adjusting survey points post-casing for improved wear estimation
US10989042B2 (en) 2017-11-22 2021-04-27 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Downhole tool protection cover

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US485961A (en) * 1892-11-08 Long-joint coupling
US2147254A (en) * 1935-07-15 1939-02-14 Frank J Hinderliter Rotary tool joint
US2482962A (en) * 1946-02-08 1949-09-27 Reed Roller Bit Co Tool joint wear collar
US2513621A (en) * 1946-02-08 1950-07-04 Reed Roller Bit Co Tool joint wear collar
US2546295A (en) * 1946-02-08 1951-03-27 Reed Roller Bit Co Tool joint wear collar
US2725264A (en) * 1951-02-03 1955-11-29 Jr Albert G Bodine Bearing for sucker rods and the like
US2793917A (en) * 1953-12-14 1957-05-28 Warren F Ward Sucker rod protectors
US2878041A (en) * 1954-09-30 1959-03-17 James C Hobbs Clamped flange joint with means for maintaining a fluid seal under varying temperature conditions
US3049382A (en) * 1960-12-20 1962-08-14 Liberty Mfg Company Of Texas Anti-friction sucker rod coupling

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US485961A (en) * 1892-11-08 Long-joint coupling
US2147254A (en) * 1935-07-15 1939-02-14 Frank J Hinderliter Rotary tool joint
US2482962A (en) * 1946-02-08 1949-09-27 Reed Roller Bit Co Tool joint wear collar
US2513621A (en) * 1946-02-08 1950-07-04 Reed Roller Bit Co Tool joint wear collar
US2546295A (en) * 1946-02-08 1951-03-27 Reed Roller Bit Co Tool joint wear collar
US2725264A (en) * 1951-02-03 1955-11-29 Jr Albert G Bodine Bearing for sucker rods and the like
US2793917A (en) * 1953-12-14 1957-05-28 Warren F Ward Sucker rod protectors
US2878041A (en) * 1954-09-30 1959-03-17 James C Hobbs Clamped flange joint with means for maintaining a fluid seal under varying temperature conditions
US3049382A (en) * 1960-12-20 1962-08-14 Liberty Mfg Company Of Texas Anti-friction sucker rod coupling

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3420323A (en) * 1967-02-23 1969-01-07 Land & Marine Rental Co Drill stabilizer tool
US3480094A (en) * 1968-03-21 1969-11-25 James B N Morris Drill collar for protecting drill string
US3666013A (en) * 1969-12-30 1972-05-30 Texaco Inc Reinforced concrete stabilizer for an insulated tubing string in a secondary recovery steam stimulation operation
US3652138A (en) * 1970-04-23 1972-03-28 Charles H Collett Self-locking snap-on collar for oil well operations
FR2173831A1 (en) * 1972-03-03 1973-10-12 Collett Charles Snap fitting well pipe collar - with embedded spring ring having tongue and slot connection
US3909467A (en) * 1973-08-22 1975-09-30 Randolph Co Downhole tool
US3978933A (en) * 1975-01-27 1976-09-07 Smith International, Inc. Bit-adjacent stabilizer and steel
US3981359A (en) * 1975-10-21 1976-09-21 Uop Inc. Centralizer element for well screen
US4832137A (en) * 1986-05-29 1989-05-23 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for protecting a pipe casing from a drill pipe string
US5009826A (en) * 1986-05-29 1991-04-23 Phillips Petroleum Company Method of molding a composite drill collar
US4907661A (en) * 1987-05-21 1990-03-13 Giselle Mary Herrera Drill pipe tubing and casing protectors
US4796670A (en) * 1987-10-15 1989-01-10 Exxon Production Research Company Drill pipe protector
US5901798A (en) * 1993-10-14 1999-05-11 Hydril U.K. Limited Drill pipe tubing and casing protectors
US5390749A (en) * 1994-01-31 1995-02-21 Ingersoll-Rand Company Apparatus for positioning a split retaining ring in a down-hole percussive drill
US7569286B2 (en) 2003-04-21 2009-08-04 Att Technology, Ltd. Hardfacing alloy, methods and products
US20080241584A1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2008-10-02 Att Technology, Ltd. Hardfacing alloy, methods and products
US20090258250A1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2009-10-15 ATT Technology, Ltd. d/b/a Amco Technology Trust, Ltd. Balanced Composition Hardfacing Alloy
US20040206726A1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2004-10-21 Daemen Roger Auguste Hardfacing alloy, methods, and products
US7361411B2 (en) 2003-04-21 2008-04-22 Att Technology, Ltd. Hardfacing alloy, methods, and products
US20070089908A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2007-04-26 Smith International, Inc. Secondary retainer for a downhole hammer bit
US7343989B2 (en) * 2005-10-24 2008-03-18 Smith International, Inc. Secondary retainer for a downhole hammer bit
US20080185187A1 (en) * 2005-10-24 2008-08-07 Smith International, Inc. Snap ringed bit retainer ring
US20080309069A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2008-12-18 Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas France External Protection for Expandable Threaded Tubular Connections
FR2895485A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-29 Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas EXTERNAL PROTECTION OF TUBULAR THREADED JOINTS FOR EXPANDING
WO2007071624A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-28 Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas France External protection for expanding tubular threaded joints
US7980597B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2011-07-19 Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas France External protection for expandable threaded tubular connections
US20070209839A1 (en) * 2006-03-08 2007-09-13 ATT Technology Trust, Ltd. d/b/a Arnco Technology Trust, Ltd. System and method for reducing wear in drill pipe sections
US20140270624A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Omnisens Sa Method for installing a sensing cable along a pipeline
US9297480B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-03-29 Omnisens Sa Method for installing a sensing cable along a pipeline
US10352148B2 (en) 2014-04-02 2019-07-16 Landmark Graphics Corporation Estimating casing wear using models incorporating bending stiffness
US9702197B2 (en) 2014-04-29 2017-07-11 Wwt North America Holdings, Inc. Reamer shoe attachment for flexible casing shoe
US10597998B2 (en) 2014-09-08 2020-03-24 Landmark Graphics Corporation Adjusting survey points post-casing for improved wear estimation
US10989042B2 (en) 2017-11-22 2021-04-27 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Downhole tool protection cover

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