US3333533A

US3333533A - Calender

Info

Publication number: US3333533A
Application number: US432653A
Authority: US
Inventors: Agronin Tany; David E Lamon; Edgar E Thomas
Original assignee: Wartsila Appleton Inc
Current assignee: Wartsila Appleton Inc
Priority date: 1965-02-15
Filing date: 1965-02-15
Publication date: 1967-08-01
Anticipated expiration: 1984-08-01

Description

1967 1'. AGRONINETAL 33331533 CALENDER Filed Feb. 15, 1965 2 SheetsSheet l o/mg/ MW, Mamba! A TTORNEYS.

T. AGRONIN ETAL 3,333,533

' CALENDER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mm m NN w a R P xv 9v A G Ml mm m H N m E l n a. V i. mv 1 NM .H v M. mml i V M, Nb 7 .Qh 1 \v v R. Q I Q 7 7 Q Q? w Q My NW run mm mm m H h, aw p Q l n 0 mm L ml am 9? S 4/ ,1 Db .mv [I N I vm m MMWN Aug. 1, 1967 Filed Feb. 15, 1965 A TTORNEYS.

United States Patent 3,333,533 CALENDER Tany Agronin, David E. Lamon, and Edgar E. Thomas,

Appleton, Wis., assignors to Appleton Machine Company, a corporation of Wisconsin Filed Feb. 15, 1965, Ser. No. 432,653 Claims. (Cl. 100-162) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A three-roll burnishing calender in which the lower and intermediate rolls rotate at the same peripheral speed and in which the upper roll is driven at a peripheral speed different than the peripheral speed of the first two rolls to allow for a set amount of overspeed. The nip opening between the lower and middle roll and between the middle and upper rolls are adjusted to eflFect smoothing of the web passing therebetween and to effect appropriate burnishing of the web.

The three rolls are mounted in a vertically spaced relationship with the intermediate roll journaled in bearing housings that are keyed immovably to the frame. The intermediate roll is connected by gears to a bottom roll that is mounted in bearing housings that are adjustably spaced relative to the bearing housings of the intermediate roll. The upper roll is mounted in bearing housings that are adjustable relative to the intermediate roll and are provided with independent drive means so that it can be driven at a set amount of overspeed relative to the speed of the web fixed by the bottom roll drive.

The apparatus in question comprises a frame, three calendering rolls, an unwind roll, a rewind roll, and three adjustable idler rolls. The upper calender roll is a paperfilled roll, the intermediate calender roll in a steel roll, and the lower calender roll is chrome plated steel. One of the idler rolls is mounted between the calendering rolls and the unwind roll. The second idler roll is mounted beyond the calender rolls. The third idler roll is mounted between the calender rolls and the rewind roll. The boxboard web is fed through the nip of the intermediate roll and the bottom roll. The nip opening between the bottom roll and the intermediate roll is adusted to cause them to smooth the boxboard web as it passes between them. The boxboard web is fed around the idler roll beyond the calendering rolls and is turned back through the nip opening between the intermediate roll and the upper roll. The overspeed of the upper roll and the size of the nip opening between the intermediate roll and the upper roll cause them to burnish the box-board web as it passes between them. The rewind roll is driven to pull the boxboard web through the burnishing rolls and on to the rewind roll.

The structure by means of which the above-mentioned and other advantages of the invention are attained will be described in the following specification, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of the apparatus embodying the invention;

FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary elevational view showing the arrangement of the calendering rolls;

FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary front elevational view showing the driving connections for the calendering rolls;

FIGURE 4 is a schematic view of the calender rolls with the boxboard web between the rolls;

FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary view, partly in section and partly in elevation, showing the ram for applying pressure to the bearing housings of the bottom roll; and

FIGURE 6 is a view, partly in section and partly in ice elevation, showing the means for regulating the position of the bottom roll relative to the intermediate roll.

In the drawings, a frame 10 includes a base 11 that supports a pair of

spaced uprights

12 and 13 ateach end of the frame. A channel member 14- connects the uprights 12, .and a similar channel member (not shown) connects the uprights 13. A top member 15 is secured to the upper end of each pair of uprights to provide a rigid frame structure. A motor 16, mounted on the base 11, has its output shaft 17 projecting outwardly of the base. A sheave 18 is fixed-to the portion of shaft 17 that projects outwardly of the base.

Each of the

uprights

12 and 13 is provided with a strip 19 on its inner edge to form a guideway at each end of the frame. Three bearing

housings

20, 21 and 22 are. mounted in each of the guideways at each end of the frame. The intermediate bearing housings 21 are preferably secured to the guideways in axial alignment at 0pposite sides of the frame, but may be secured directly to the frame. Although it is preferred to have a single guide wall at each end of the frame, separate guideways may be provided for each of the bearing

housings

20 and 22. However, each intermediate bearing housing 21 must be in vertical alignment with a bearing housing 20 and with a bearing housing 22. Two flat plates 53 are secured to each bearing

housing

20 and 22 at each end of the bearing housings by screws or bolt 54. Each pair of plates 53 straddle one of the strips 19 to slidably mount the

bearing housings

20 and 22 in the guideway between the strips 19. A shaft 23 is rotatably mounted in the top pair of hearing housings 20, a shaft 24 is rotatably mounted in the intermediate pair of bearing housings 21, and a shaft 25 is rotatably mounted in the bottom pair of bearing housings 22. Each of the

shafts

23, 24 and 25 projects outwardly beyond the

uprights

12 and 13 on one side of the frame.

A sheave 26 is mounted on the shaft 23 outwardly of the frame 10. A gear 27 is mounted on the shaft 24 and is meshed with a gear 28 that is mounted on the shaft 25. A sheave 29, also mounted on the shaft 25, is driven by a belt 30 that extends around the

sheaves

18 and 29. The shaft 23 is driven independently by a motor 31 that is mounted on a bracket 32 projecting outwardly from one of the uprights 14. A belt 33 is trained over the sheave 26 and a sheave 34 mounted on the output shaft 35 of the motor 31.

A paper filled roll 36 is mounted on the shaft 23, a steel roll 37 is mounted on the intermediate shaft 24, and a chrome plated steel roll 38 is mounted on the shaft 25. The roll 37 is much larger in diameter than the roll 38 and the gear 27 is proportionately larger than the gear 28 so the intermeshed engagement thereof causes the

rolls

37 and 38 to have the same surface speed when they are rotated. The spacing between the bottom roll 38 and the intermediate roll 37, which forms a smoothing nip, is regulated by a pair of juxtaposed wedge-

shaped blocks

39 and 40 mounted between the bearing housings 21 and 22 at each end of the frame. Each top block 39 has ears 41 projecting into recesses 42 in the strips 19 and secured to the strips by bolts or screws 43. The block 39 has its bottom surface 44 inclined, and has a pair of spaced slots 45 extending vertically through the block. A pair of screws 46 extending through the slots 45 are threaded into recesses 47 in the lower block 40 to hold the lower block with its upper inclined surface 48 in engagement with the inclined bottom surface 44 of the block 39.

The lower block 40 is shorter than the top block 39, and the slots 45 in the top block permit the block 40 to he slid longitudinally relative to the block 39. The longitudinal movement of the block 40 varies the vertical distance between the top surface 49 of the top block and the bottom surface 50 of the lower block to provide a micrometer caliper type of adjustment between the peripheral surfaces of the

rolls

37 and 38. The length of each slot 45 limits the longitudinal sliding movement of the block 40 relative to the block 39 to such a distance that the vertical movement of the block 40 is less than the radial overlap of the

meshed gears

27 and 28, thus preventing disengagement of said gears. Screws 51 passing through each strip 19 are threaded in recesses 52 in opposite ends of the block 40 to hold the block 40 in any adjusted position.

Each of the bearing housings 22 is moved upwardly and held with its upper edge in engagement with the bottom surface of one of the blocks 40 by a hydraulic ram 55. It is preferred to have a ram at each end of the frame, but a single ram may be provided to move both bearing housings 22. Each ram is mounted in a bore 56 in a block 57 on top of the base 11, and is provided with an O-ring 58 to prevent the hydraulic fluid from leaking out of the bore 56. Each ram is moved upwardly by fluid forced under pressure through a conduit 59, but the bearing housings are moved downwardly by gravity. The weight of the roll 38 moves the bearing housings 22 downwardly when the rams 55 are lowered. The engagement of the bearing housings 22 with the block 40 provides a fixed nip opening between the peripheral surfaces of the

rolls

37 and 38. The web 60 of boxboard is smoothed by engagement with the steel surface of the roll 37 and the chrome plated surface of the roll 38 as it passes through the nip opening between the

rolls

37 and 38.

A plate 61 mounted on top of each bearing housing 20 is secured to the lower end of a piston rod 62, as indicated at 63. The plate 61 is forced downwardly against the bearing housing 20 by a piston 64 slidably mounted in a loading cylinder 65 to regulate the nip pressure between

rolls

36 and 37. The nip pressure between the

rolls

36 and 37 is independent of the nip pressure between the

rolls

37 and 38 and is independently controlled at each end of the roll. The speed at which the web 60 is fed through the machine is regulated by the speed of the bottom drive gears 27 and 28 which cause the

rolls

37 and 38 to be rotated at the same peripheral speed. The roll 36 is driven by a separate variable speed drive and is usually driven faster than the web 60 to provide a burnishing action on the boxboard as it passes through the nip opening between the

rolls

36 and 37. The overspeed percentage of the roll 36 relative to the web remains fixed for any machine speed, but can be changed readily to vary the burnishing action.

An upright 66 is tied at its upper end to each upright 12 by a channel 67. The uprights 66 may be reinforced in any suitable manner. A shaft 68, on which an unwind roll 69 is carried, is rotatably mounted on support members 70 projecting from uprights 66. A shaft 71, on which a rewind roll 72 is carried, is rotatably mounted on support members 73 projecting from uprights 66. A bracket 74 projects from uprights 66 to support a motor 75 that drives rewind shaft 71. The web 60 is fed from the unwind roll over the top of an idler roll 76, between

rolls

37 and 38, around a second idler roll 77, between

rolls

36 and 37, under a third idler roll 78, and on to the rewind shaft 71.

The roll 76 has a shaft 79 that is journaled in bearing blocks 80, each of which is slidably mounted in a U- shaped bracket 81. The bracket 81 is mounted on a channel member 82 projecting laterally from the upright 12. A screw 83, having one end secured to the bearing block 80, is threaded through a threaded aperture (not shown) in the transverse portion 84 of the bracket. The screw 83 is turned to move the bearing block 80 to adjust the position of the shaft 79 to prevent slack in the web 60 between the unwind roll and the nip of

rolls

37 and 38.

The idler rolls 77 and 7-8 are each mounted similarly to the idler roll 76 and the structure that is identical will be designated by the same reference numerals. The only difference in the mounting of these three idler rolls is that the U-shaped bracket 81 in which the bearing block of the roll 77 is mounted is turned at right angles to the brackets of the other idler rolls. The bracket 81' for the roll 77 is mounted on a channel 85 that extends at right angles to the channel member 82. The idler roll 77 turns the web 60, after it passes between the smoothing rolls 37 and 38, through so that it can pass between the burnishing rolls 36 and 37. The idler roll 78 is adjusted to prevent slack in the web 60 between the burnishing rolls and the rewind roll.

Although I have described a preferred embodiment of the invention in considerable detail, it will be understood that the description thereof is intended to be illustrative, rather than restrictive, as many details of structure may be modified or changed without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, I do not desire to be restricted to the exact structure disclosed.

We claim:

1. A burnishing calender comprising a frame, three calender rolls having parallel shafts mounted in said. frame with the peripheral surface of a first roll adjacent the peripheral surfaces of a second and a third roll, drive means for rotating said first and second rolls at the same peripheral speed, separate drive means for rotating said third roll at a peripheral speed greater than the speed of said first two rolls, means for regulating the nip opening :between said first two rolls, pressure means urging said third roll toward said first roll, and means for feeding a paper web through the nip opening between said first and second rolls to smooth it, and then through the nip opening between said first and third rolls to burnish it.

2. A burnishing calender comprising a frame, three calender rolls having parallel shafts mounted in said frame with the peripheral surface of a first roll adjacent the peripheral surfaces of a second and a third roll, intermeshed gears mounted on the shafts of said first and second rolls, means for driving one of said gears for rotating said first and second rolls at the same peripheral speed, separate driving means for rotating said third roll at a peripheral speed different than the speed of said first two rolls, means for moving the shaft of said second roll toward the shaft of said first roll to regulate the nip opening between said first two rolls, a stop member fixed adjacent said last-mentioned means for limiting the movement of the shaft of said second roll to a distance less than the radial overlap of said intermeshed gears to thereby prevent disengagement of said gears, pressure means urging said third roll toward said first roll, and means for feeding a paper web through the nip opening between said first and second rolls to smooth it, and then through the nip opening between said first and third rolls to burnish it.

3. A burnishing calender comprising a frame, three pairs of bearing housings mounted on said frame, three calender rolls each having a shaft rotatably mounted in one of said pairs of bearing housings with the peripheral surface of a first roll adjacent the peripheral surfaces of a second and third roll, means for moving the bearing housings of said second roll toward the bearing housings of said first roll to regulate the nip opening between said first and second rolls, pressure means urging the bearing housings of said third roll toward the bearing housings of said first roll, means for feeding a paper web through the nip opening of said first and second rolls and then through the nip opening between said first and third rolls, drive means for rotating said first and second rolls at the same peripheral speed to smooth a paper web as it is fed between said first and second rolls, and separate drive means for rotating said third roll at a peripheral speed greater than the speed of said first two rolls to burnish the paper web as it is fed between said first and third rolls.

4. A burnishing calender comprising a frame, two guideways on opposite sides of said frame, a bearing housing fixed in alignment with each of said guideways,

two bearing housings slidably mounted in each of said guideways on opposite sides of said first bearing housing, three calender rolls each having a shaft mounted in one of said pairs of bearing housings with the peripheral surface of a first roll adjacent the peripheral surface of a second and a third roll, means for moving the bearing housings of said second roll toward the bearing housings of said first roll to regulate the nip opening between said first and second rolls, pressure means urging the bearing housings of said third roll toward the bearing housings of said first roll, means for feeding a paper web through the nip opening of said first and second rolls and then through the nip opening between said first and third rolls, drive means for rotating said first and second rolls at the same peripheral speed to smooth a paper web as it is fed between said first and second rolls, and separate drive means for rotating said third roll at a peripheral speed greater than the peripheral speed of said first two rolls to burnish a paper web as it is fed between said first and third rolls. 7

5. A burnishing calender comprising a frame, two guideways on opposite sides of said frame, a bearing housing fixed in alignment with each of said guideways, two bearing housings slidably mounted in each of said guideways on opposite sides of said first bearing housing, 25

three calender rolls each having a shaft mounted on one of said pairs of bearing housings with the peripheral surface of a first roll adjacent the peripheral surfaces of a second and a third roll, a pair of wedge-shaped blocks positioned between the bearing housings of said first and second shafts, means to move said second roll relative to said first roll, means to slide one of said blocks longitudinally relative to the other and thereby regulate the nip opening between said first and second rolls, pressure means urging the bearing housings of said third roll toward the bearing housings of said first roll, means for feeding a paper web through the nip opening of said first and second rolls and then through the nip opening between said first and third rolls, drive means for rotating said first and second rolls at the same peripheral speed to smooth a paper web as it is fed between said first and second rolls, and separate drive means for rotating said third roll at a greater peripheral speed than the speed of said first two rolls to burnish a paper web as it is fed between said first and third rolls.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 82,882 10/1868 Sheperd et al. 100162 296,081 4/1884 Steel 100168 X 457,395 8/1891 Bowen 100163 1,498,237 6/1924 Daniels 100-167 1,575,539 3/1926 Butterworth 100-162 FOREIGN PATENTS 704,394 2/ 1954 Great Britain.

WILLIAM I. PRICE, Primary Examiner.

Claims

1. A BURNISHING CALENDER COMPRISING A FRAME, THREE CALENDER ROLLS HAVING PARALLEL SHAFTS MOUNTED IN SAID FRAME WITH THE PERIPHERAL SURFACE OF A FIRST ROLL ADJACENT THE PERIPHERAL SURFACES OF A SECOND AND A THIRD ROLL, DRIVE MEANS FOR ROTATING SAID FIRST AND SECOND ROLLS AT THE SAME PERIPHERAL SPEED, SEPARATE DRIVE MEANS FOR ROTATING SAID THIRD ROLL AT A PERIPHERAL SPEED GREATER THAN THE SPEED OF SAID FIRST TWO ROLLS, MEANS FOR REGULATING THE NIP OPENING BETWEEN SAID FIRST TWO ROLLS, PRESSURE MEANS URGING SAID THIRD ROLL TOWARD SAID FIRST ROLL, AND MEANS FOR FEEDING A PAPER WEB THROUGH THE NIP OPENING BETWEEN SAID FIRST AND SECOND ROLLS TO SMOOTH IT, AND THEN THROUGH THE NIP OPENING BETWEEN SAID FIRST AND THIRD ROLLS TO BURNISH IT.