US332500A

US332500A - Steam-engine

Info

Publication number: US332500A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1885-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 1902-12-15

Description

2v sheets-sheen 2.

(No Model.)

R. CREUZBAUB..

STEAM ENGINE.

Patented Deo. l15, 1885.

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ROBERT OREUZBAUR, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE VEST- INGHOUSE MACHINE COMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 332,500, dated December 15, 1885.

Application filed August 31, 18-5. Serial No. 175,718. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT CREUZBAUR, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, a citizen of the United States, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Engines, of which improvements the following is a specification.

In the accompanying d1'awings,which make ro part of this specification, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal central section through a steam-engine embodying my invention; Fig.

2, a vertical transverse section, the right-hand half being taken at the line :v :v of Fig. 1, and the left-hand half at the lineg/y of same figure; Fig. 3, a plan View, partly in section; Fig. 4, a horizontal section,lookin g downward, through the main valve at the line z z of Fig. 1, and Fig. 5 a plan view of the valve-seat.

My invention relates to steam-engines of the single-acting type having two or more cylinders located side and side-that is, in parallel planes at right angles to a common crankshaft-and its objects are to provide novel and improved means for effecting distribution by a balanced rotating valve, utilizing steam eXpansively by an independent cut-off plate operating in connection with the main valve, regulating the degree of expansion 3o automatically or by hand, actuating the cutoff valve through gearing from the crankshaft, exhausting steamy centrally from the valve through its driving-shaft and carrying the exhaust-steam into a closed crank-case, reversing the direction of movement of the engine through gearing acting on the valve, preventing cylinder condensation by dividing the cylinders into higher and lower temperature sections separated by heat-intercepting packing, insulating the ends of the pistons by heat-intercepting packing, and operating the piston ends of lower-temperature sections of the cylinders, separating the exhaust-passage from the higher-temperature sections of the cylinders by heat-intercepting packing, providing the cylinder-heads with a steam jacket, through which steam from the boiler circulates in its passage to the main valve, and relieving excess of pressure in the cylinders by providing for the escape of steam therefrom into the 5o steam-jacket when required.

The improvements claimed are hereinafter fully set forth.

In the practice of my invention I provide two or more single-acting cylinders, each composed ofan upper higher-temperature section,

1, and a lower lower-temperature section, 2, which sections are bored out to substantially equal diameters, and are firmly secured together by bolts passing through ilanges 3, be- 6o tween which is interposed a lieatintercepting packing, 4. of any suitable material which is substantially a non-conductor ofheat. The cylinders are located side and side-tlrat is to say, with their axes in parallel planes-and are sec5 cured to the top of a closed crank case or cha1nber, 5, having end bearings, 41, for the journals 50 ofa crank-shaft, 51,which is mounted in said bearings at right angles to the axes of the cylinders. Access to the interior of the crank- 7c ease is permitted by a removable head or bonnet, 6, closing an opening in one of its sides, and suitable lateral and end llanges are formed upon the lower side ofthe case, through which it may be secured upon the foundation on which the engine rests when in operation. Each cylinder is open at its lower end, and

is fitted with a long piston, 7, of the truuk class, and said pistons are coupled, by connecting-rods 9 9, with crank-pins S 8, which 8o are set opposite one to the other, or one hundred and eighty degrees apart, upon a pair of double cranks, 10 10, formed upon the crankshaft 51. Steam lfrom the boiler is supplied through a steam-pipe, 11, to a steam-jacket, 3l, which covers the heads of the upper sections, 1, of the cylinders and incloses a valve case or chest, 32, located above and centrally between the cylinders. The steam from the jacket enters the valve-case through supplyports 16 in a pressurerelieving plate,17, which is Xed to and closes the top of the valve-case, said ports corresponding in position land dimensions with cylinder -ports 13 14, formed in the valve-seat 18, and leading therefrom into the upper ends of the cylinders. The admission of steam to and its exhaust from the cylinders is effected by a disk or block main or distribution -valve 12, adapted to be rotated, as presently to be described, upon the valveseat 18, and fitting between the same and an 'adjustable cut-off plate, 21, said cut-off plate iitting between the top of the valve and the pressure-relieving plate 17, and having cutoff ports 20, communicating with the supplyv ports 16 thereof'. In the rotation of the valve 12 steam passing through the ports 16 and 20 1o lis supplied alternately to the cylinder-

ports

13 and 14 through a steam-port, 19, in the valve, and is exhausted from the cylinders through an exhaust-port, 22, in the valve, to the interior of a tubular spindle or sleeve, 23, with 15 which the valve is connected by projections entering recesses in the end of the spindle, in the manner of a clutch-coupling, and through which the valve is rotated by gearing from the crank-shaft. The exhaust-steam escapes 2o through openings 24 in the spindle into the crank-case, serving to l-ubricate the crankpi'ns and cylinders, and is finally discharged through an exhaust-pipe connected to a flange or nozzle, 15, on the crank-case. It will be seen that the main valve 12, while rotating in unison with its driving-spindle 23, is, by reason of its clutch connection therewith, free tovadj ust itself to its seat 18. The steamport 19 of the valve is arranged to have a lead 3o of one-twentieth of the ports path, and when not acted upon by the cut-offplate to cut-off the steam at about two-thirds of the stroke of the pistons. The exhaust-port 22 of the main valve leads two-elevenths of the diameter of the ports path and closes at three-quarters of the stroke. If the cut-off ports 2O are made iive-sixths of the diameter of thel cylinderports 13 14, the shortest cut-off will be at one-` tenth of the stroke, and the steam cannot beadmitted during more than seven-twelfths of the stroke without following with the cut-off plate a distance equal to the difference between the diameter of the cutoff ports and the cylinder ports. By making the cutoff ports equal in diameter to the cylinderports' the steam may be made to follow the pistons during two-thirds of the stroke, and4 the shortest cut-offwill be at one-seventh of the stroke. The valve having equal deadspaces 5o between the steam and exhaust ports operates similarly in both directions. The provision of the steam-jacket around the valve-casing causes the latter to expand equally with the main valve and cut-oft plate, so that these remain equally tight and equally free forv dle, 26, and to turn freely within the spindle 23 within a circumferential range limited by a key, 27, passing through the hub of the gear 25, and engaging by its ends stops or shoulders at the ends of a segmental slot, 28, in the spindle 23.

Reversal of the movement of the engine is effected by turning the spindle and main valve independently of the gear 25 by'a reversing evel-gear, 29 29, journaled in the crank-case, and having the capacity of end-play in its bearings, so as, when moved inwardly, to engage a corresponding gear, 30, fixed upon the valve-driving spindle 23. The reversing bevel- `gear 29 stands normally in the position shown in full lines in Fig. 3 and in dotted lines in Fig. 2, and is maintained in such-position by a spring, 33, ybear-ing against a hand-operating wheel, 34, on the outer endv of the stem ofthe gear29, and against a xed abutment. lThe tension of the spring 33 being overcome by hand-pressure, the gear 29 iscaused toengage the gear l30, and the spindle and valve may thereby be turned into position to reverse the direction of movement of the shaft, yto -do which will require aboutone-fourth of a revolution when the pistons stand at half-stroke. If preferred, the spring 33 and the end-play of the reversing-gear may be dispensed with vand the latter may remain continuously-ensgaged with the gear of the valve-spindle.

a hand-lever, 35, keyed to the stem 36 of the cut-off plate. Ebolt, 37, engaging any of a series of teeth in l lThe lever y35 carries a sliding 105 a ixed rack, 38, from which it is released as required to admit of the movement of the hand-lever and cut-off plate by the depressi-011 of aspiring-lever, 39, fulcrumed on the handlever-and coupled to thesliding bolt. .The range of the bolt along the xed rack corresponds with the allowable movement of the lcut-off ports; or check-lugsmay be fixed lto the, rack toprevent an excess of traverse of thebolt.

The steam delivered from the boiler to the jacket tills ythe same and surrounds thevalve-` case, and when distributed into the cylinders is protected against undue condensation by theheat-intercepting packing 4, which sepavrates their higher-temperature sections 1, which are to be filled with steam, from their lower-temperature sections, 2, which inclose; thel pistons at the ends of their downward kstrokes'by similar packing, 40, surrounding` the valve-spindle 23, and protecting Ythe cylinders from the cooling action of the `exhaust- :steampassing through the same, and bysimi-y larpacking, 42, inserted in the pistons .7, behind vtheir packing-rings 43 and adjacent lto their heads, the'steam-jacket furtherrassisting in preventing cylinder condensation. To

IIO

admit of the relief of excess of pressure in the IOO cylinders, relief-valves 44 are seated in casings 45, over openings in their heads leading into the steam-jacket 3l, and are held in position by springs 46, bearing against the valves and against the bonnets 47 of their casings.

Wear, if any, at the steam ends of the pistons can be provided for by maintaining` sufficient outward pressure oftheir packing-rings 43, and to compensate wear of their lower ends they are longitudinally split or divided by vertical slots 48, extending upwardly from their lower ends and terminating` in rounded openings 49,said slots having` laterally-tapered recesses 52, in which are fitted correspondingly-tapered blocks 53,provided with threaded shanks 54. By screwing up nuts 55, engaging the threads of the shanks 54 and bearing against plates 56, fitting over the inner ends of the recesses,the blocks may be drawn inwardly, and by their wedging action against the sides of the recesses 52 will effect the expansion of the pistons requisite to take up the wear thereof. The slots 48 are located vertically above the center of the shaft, as shown in the left-hand cylinder, Fig. l, and not on the side of the piston, as represented,for convenience of illustration in the right-hand cylinder.

rlhe means above described for taking up wear of the lower ends ofthe pistons and the employment of' heat-intercepting packing in `the pistons are not herein claimed, as the same will constitute the subject-matter of a separate application or applications for Letters Patent to be filed by me in due time.

I claim herein as my invention- 1. rIhe combination of' two or more singleacting cylinders located side and side at right angles to a common crank-shaft, pistons litting said cylinders and coupled to crank-pins on said shaft, a main or distribution valve governing the supply and exhaust ofsteam to and from said cylinders, a stationary pressurerelieving plate interposed between the back of the valve and its source of steam-supply, and a steam-jacket surrounding the valve-casing and outer side of the pressure-relieving plate, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of two or more singleacting cylinders located side and side at right angles to a common crank-shaft, pistons titting said cylinders and coupled to crank-pins on said shaft, a rotating main or distribution valve governing the supply and exhaust of steam to and from said cylinders, an adjustable cut-oft` plate located on the back of the main valve, a stationary pressure relieving plate located on the back of the cut-off plate, and a steam-jacket surrounding the valvecasing and outer side of the pressure relieving plate, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of two or more singleacting cylinders located side and side at right angles to a common crank-shaft, pistons titting said cylinders and coupled to crank-pins on said shaft, a rotating main or distribution valve governing the supply and exhaust of steam to and from said cylinders, an adjustable cut-off plate located on the back of the main valve, a stationary pressure-relieving plate located on the back of the cut-off' plate, a hand-lever fixed to a stem which is secured to the cut-off plate and passes freely through the pressure-relieving plate, a sliding bolt fitting in said hand-lever and engaging teeth in a fixed rack, and a spring-lever fulcrumed 0n the hand-lever and coupled to the sliding bolt, substantially as set forth.`

The combination ot' two or more singleacting cylinders located side and side at right angles to a common crank-shaft, pistons titting` said cylinders and coupled to crank-pins on said shaft, a rotating distribution-valve governing the supply and exhaust of steam to and from said cylinders, and a driving-spindle coupled at one end to said valve and at the other to a bevel-gear engaging a similar gear fixed upon the crank-shaft, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of two or more singleacting cylinders located side and side above a closed crank case or chamber at right angles to a common crank-shaft therein, pistons fitting said cylinders and coupled to crank-pins on said shaft, a main or distribution valve governing the supply and exhaust of steam to and from said cylinders and connected to a spindle which is rotated by gearing from the crank-shaft, and an exhaust-steam passage leading through said spindle and establishing communication between the valve and the crankcase, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of two or more singleacting cylinders located side and side at right angles to a common crank-shaft, pistons tting said cylinders and coupled to crank-pins on said shaft, a rotating mainor distribution valve coupled to a driving-spindle and governing the supplyand exhaust of steam to and from said cylinders, and a bevel-gear fitted with the capacity ot' limited circumferential movement on the driving-spindle and engaging a similar gear fixed upon the crank-shaft, substantially as set forth.

7. rlhe combination of two or more singleacting cylinders located side and side at right angles to a common crank-shaft, pistons fitting said cylinders and coupled to crank-pins on said shaft, a rotating main or distribution valve coupled to a driving-spindle and governing the supply and exhaust of steam to and from said cylinders, a bevel-gear fitted with the capacity of' limited circumferential movement on the driving-spindle and engaging a similar gear xed upon the crank-shaft, a bevel-gear fixed upon the driving-spindle, and a hand-operated bevel-gear adapted to be rotated in a fixed bearing and to engage the bevel-gear which is tixed to the drivingspindle, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, in a single-acting cylinder, of a higher-temperature or steam-end section, a lower temperature section, and heat-intereepting packing interposed between IOO IIO

iianges through which the sections are connected, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination of two or more singleacting cylinders, pistons fitting therein and coupled to crank-pins on a common crankshaft, a distribution-valve governing the supply and exhaust of steam to and from said cylinders and rotated by a driving-spindle having an internal exhaust-passage, and heatintercepting packing inclosing said spindle and separating the same from the shells of the cylinders7 substantially as set forth.

10'. The combination of two or more singleacting cylinders, pistons fitti-ng therein and coupled to crank-pins on a common crankshaft, `a main or distribution valve located above the heads of the cylinders and governing the supply and exhaust of steam to and Witnesses:

CHAs. S. PEAsE, W. L. MOCULLAGH.