US3324341A - High power electron tube with multiple locked-in magnetron oscillators - Google Patents

High power electron tube with multiple locked-in magnetron oscillators Download PDF

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US3324341A
US3324341A US152273A US15227361A US3324341A US 3324341 A US3324341 A US 3324341A US 152273 A US152273 A US 152273A US 15227361 A US15227361 A US 15227361A US 3324341 A US3324341 A US 3324341A
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structures
anode
network
cathode
magnetron
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Epsztein Bernard
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Thales SA
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CSF Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie sans Fil SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/42—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/42—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/44—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the forward travelling wave being utilised

Definitions

  • FIG.
  • the present invention relates to travelling wave amplifiers and aims at obtaining from such an amplifier power levels very much superior to those delivered by the known amplifiers of the prior art. Additionally, the present invention also aims at a simple construction for such an amplifier.
  • the power delivered by an amplifier is obviously the higher the more one succeeds in realizing a higher efficiency of the system and a larger capacity of dissipation of the losses within the anode circuit.
  • one way which permits of an increase in the power beyond the limits permitted by the actual amplifiers is opened up by associating in one and the same system the principle of the magnetron structure with that of the bidimensional circuit, and in particular by disposing alongside one another, a plurality of elementary magnetrons with mutual couplings and by combining the anode circuits thereof in such a manner as to constitute a bi-dimensional network with polygonal meshes, this network being excited by the wave to be amplified which causes the magnetrons to oscillate in the manner of locked-in oscillators.
  • the power supplied by the magnetrons is cumulative and is collected in the output circuit thereof.
  • the anode elements of the magnetrons which form a bi-dimensional network are supported by a common plate in such a manner as to form a herse-like structure whereas a second herse-like structure is formed by the cathodes of the magnetrons disposed in the manner of a bi-dimensional network on a second common plate.
  • These two herses are interleaved in an interdigital manner in such a way that each cathode finds itself in the center of a mesh or cell of the anode network.
  • the cathodes are preferably of the cold emission-type.
  • the plates of the two herses have a trapezoidal form or essentially triangular form, whereby the input circuit of the amplifier is coupled on the side of the small base of the trapezoid and the output circuit on the side of the large base thereof.
  • the tube is thus flared from the input to the output thereof which permits maintaining throughout the entire structure a power density which remains essentially constant.
  • the axis of propagation of the input energy is inclined with respect to the output window.
  • a portion of the anode circuit is covered by an attenuation so as to absorb the fraction or portion of the energy reflected from the output window.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an electron discharge device, and more particularly an amplifier tube which permits attainment of power outputs far superior to those feasible with present day amplifier structures.
  • Another object of the present invention resides in the provision of an amplifier discharge device which is relatively simple in construction notwithstanding the extremely high power outputs that may be derived therefrom.
  • a further object of the present invention resides in the provision of a travelling wave tube amplifier which combines certain features of the magnetron type structure with those of a travelling wave tube structure in order to provide a bi-dimensional system and therewith permit an increase in the power levels of the tube.
  • Still a further object of the present invention resides in the provision of an amplifier device utilizing magnetron-type structures and bi-dimensional travelling wave tube principles to increase the power levels at which the tubes may be operated and which utilizes in particular a bi-dimensional anode circuit for that purpose.
  • Another object of the present invention resides in the provision of a magnetron-type travelling wave tube amplifier of very high power in which the power density is maintained essentially constant throughout the tube and in which the danger of malfunction or inadequate performance by reason of failure on the part of one or the other elements is substantially minimized.
  • FIGURE 1 is a partial plan view of a first embodiment of an anode circuit in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a partial perspective view of an electrode assembly including the anode circuit of FIGURE 1 and the cathode herse-like structure interleaved therewith in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 3 is a partial plan view of a second embodiment of an anode circuit in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 4 is a partial perspective view of a nelectrode assembly including the anode circuit of FIGURE 3 and the cathode herse-like structure interleaved therewith in accordance with the present invention
  • FIGURE 5 is a partial transverse cross sectional view through a third embodiment of an anode circuit in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 6 is a partial plan view of the anode circuit illustrated in FIGURE 5;
  • FIGURE 7 is a partial plan view, similar to FIGURE 6, of a fourth embodiment of an anode circuit in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 8 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of an electron tube in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 9 is a cross sectional view taken along line XX of FIGURE 8.
  • FIGURE 10 is a cross sectional view taken along line Y-Y of FIGURE 8.
  • FIGURE 11 is a cross sectional view, similar to FIG- URE 10, of a modified embodiment of a tube in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGURE 12 is a partial cross sectional view illustrating a detail of a modified embodiment of an anode circuit in accordance with the present invention provided with cooling means.
  • reference numeral 1 designates in these two views a metallic plate, for example, of copper which supports a system of metallic rods such as 2, 3, 4 and 5, perpendicular to the plate 1 and disposed in bi-dimensional network which, is, in the embodiment of these two figures, of square meshes.
  • These rods 2, 3, 4 and 5 may be made of any material known in connection with the realization of the fingers of interdigital lines or analogous lines.
  • the assembly of plate 1 and of the network of the rods forms the anode circuit or anode herse.
  • These cathodes 7 may be of any material known for its good coefficient of secondary emission, such as a copper-beryllium alloy.
  • the assembly of the plate 6 and of the cathodes 7 forms the cathode herse.
  • the two anode and cathode herses are interleaved in an interdigital manner in such a way that each cathode 7 is placed at the center of a mesh of the network of rods, such as the mesh formed by the rods 2, 3, 4 and 5.
  • FIGURES 5 and 6 illustrate how it is possible, by suitably shaping the heads 10, in obtaining a bi-dimensional network of which the structure of the meshes is that of the multi-cavity-type magnetrons, placed alongside one another and coupled with each other, for example, with six cavities.
  • FIG- URE 6 there are provided the cavities 11 and the gaps 12 which couple the same to the different interaction spaces 13 about the cathodes 7.
  • FIGURE 6 illustrates a modified embodiment in which the cavities of each elementary magnetron are separate from those of the adjacent magnetrons and are only coupled with the latter by grooves such as 14.
  • rod-heads of two types the one type 10' having an essentially elongated hexagonal shape provided with six pockets in the shape of an arc of circle, the other type 10" having a substantially triangular shape.
  • FIG- URE 7 represents in the final analysis, as F-IGURE6, a bi-dimensional network having hexagonal meshes of which each represents the magnetron structure with six cavities, these elementary magnetrons being arranged side by side with mutual or reciprocal couplings.
  • FIGURES 8 through 10 illustrate an amplifier tube which may be realized with any one of the anode circuits described hereinabove or their equivalents, and showing for illustrative purposes only the principle of the rods of sectional shape of FIGURES 5 to 7 adapted to the square configuration of FIGURES l and 2.
  • the support 1 of the anode herse is incorporated into the walls of a vacuumtype evacuated box-like enclosure 15, for example, made of copper, coupled on one side thereof to the input guide 16 through an insulating input window 17, and on the other side thereof, to the output horn 18 across an insulating output window 19.
  • the support 6 of the cathode herse is supported on the inside of the box-like closure 15 by insulating columns 20 (FIG. 9).
  • the cathodes 7 engage into the meshes of the anode circuit as shown in FIG- URES 2 or 4.
  • a suitably dimensioned cavity 21 is provided within the mass of the support 6 and along its periphery, the cavity 21 being dimensioned to form a trap with a view to short-circuit, from a high frequency point of view, the plate 6 with the box-like enclosure 15 and to avoid thereby the propagation of energy within the space between the walls 15 and 6.
  • the height of the rods 2 and of cathodes 7 decreases progressively at the extremities of the circuit toward the input and the output thereof, in accordance with usual matching techniques.
  • the mass of the box like structure 15, and consequently the anode herse, is connected to ground and to the positive pole of the supply source 22 whereas the cathode herse is connected to the negative pole of this source 22 (FIG. 9).
  • the passage of the supply of the cathode herse across the walls of the box-like enclosure 15 is designated by reference numeral 23 in FIGURES 8 and 10.
  • a magnet 24, for example, a permanent magnet of U- shape, is disposed about the box-like structure 15 in such a manner that the pole pieces N and S furnish a magnetic field directed along the cathodes 7 and rods 2 for operation of the elementary magnetrons incorporated into the anode circuit.
  • the box-like enclosure 15 is flared from the input to the output thereof, that is the plates 1 and 6 have an essentially triangular or more correctly trapezoidal shape.
  • the ratio of the lengths of the two bases of the trapezoid will be made perferably equal to the order of magnitude of the ratio between the output power and the input power that is, to the gain of the amplifier.
  • the alignment of the rods 2 which coincides with the axis of the input guide 16 and which is perpendicular to the input window 17, is inclined with respect to the output window 19. Additionally, a portion of the anode circuit disposed within the shaded zone 25, that is, outside of the flared zone between the input window and the output window, is covered by an attenuation constituted by any suitable material or by any suitable known internal or external means. Otherwise, the tube of FIGURE 11 is similar to that of FIGURES 8 through 10 described hereinabove.
  • FIGURE 12 represents a modified construction of the anode circuit provided with cooling means.
  • the rods 2 are hollow and closed at the end whereas the plate 1 is provided with a cooling jacket 26, a channel network with input means at 27 and output means at 28 being established across the jacket 26 and the rods 2 to permit the circulation of a refrigerating liquid.
  • the high frequency wave supplied through the guide 16 and entering through window 17 provides for the appear ance of two phenomena.
  • the intensive field of the incident Wave in combination with the directcurrent field excites or produces the cold emission of each of the cathodes according to the well known mechanism.
  • the elementary magnetrons of the system commence to oscillate at the frequency of the incident wave and oscillate in the manner of a locked-in oscillation system in accordance with the mode which depends on the number of anode elements of the magnetron.
  • the respective phases of the waves generated by the elementary oscillators are such that only the energy propagated in the same direction as the incident wave has a resultant which is not equal to zero whereas the energy propagated in the other direction is effectively destroyed by interference, i.e., effectively annulled by interaction in the system. It follows therefrom that the incident wave, to the extent of its progress within the periodic structure, will be amplified by cumulative action with the energies of the elementary oscillators, to leave through window 19 and to be radiated through the horn 18.
  • the flared shape of the tube from the input to the output thereof permits to preserve within the entire structure a density practically constant, that is, the same dissipation in each of the anode elements of the circuit. This constancy is assured in a particularly exact manner if the ratio of the dimensions of the circuit at the input and at the output is equal to the gain in power realized within the amplifier.
  • FIGURE 11 aims at eliminating a possible shortcoming which would result from the imperfect matching of the output circuit inclusive the insulating window, and from the reflection of a portion of the amplified energy from this window.
  • This reflected energy by propagating in a backward direction across the circuit, would then be amplified to the same extent as the normal wave which could introduce a feedback in the circuit and give rise to the auto-oscillation of the tube.
  • the reflected portion of the energy is returned, by the window 19 inclined with respect to the direction of propagation of the wave along the guide 16, toward an attenuated region 25 as indicated by the arrows 29 and 30.
  • the reflected portion is therefore absorbed 0n the inside of the tube which avoids the inconvenience and shortcomings indicated hereinabove.
  • the circuit will occupy an area of 6,250 cm. and the plates 1 and 6 may therefore have the shape of a trapezoid with the bases thereof, for example, of one meter and 10 centimeter and with a height of 1.2 meters.
  • the dissipated power of 500 kilowatts will correspond to a total applied power of 1,500 kilowatts and to and to an average useful continuous power of 1,000 kilowatts.
  • the peak power of such tube may be 50 megawatts.
  • the permissive dissipation is no longer 20 watts but at least 200 or 250 watts per rod.
  • 2,000 rods will therefore suffice which will cover a surface or area of 500 cm. in the form, for example, of a trapezoid with a base of 30 centimeters and 3 centimeters, respectively, and with a height of 30 centimeters.
  • the same useful peak power will then be supplied by 2,000 elementary magnetrons of 25 kilowatts peak power each which will absorb each 37.5 kilowatts peak power, which in turn may be realized with a relatively low voltage from the source 22 of 12.5 kilovolts and with a peak current of 3 amperes per cathode.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and anode circuit means, said structures being located side by side, means for reciprocally coupling each of said structures with its adjacent structures, said anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network with polygonal meshes, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field subtantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means for exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and output means for abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and anode circuit means, said structures being located side by side, means for reciprocally coupling each of said structures with its adjacent structures, said anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bidimensional network with polygonal meshes, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means for exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and output means for abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network, said anode circuit means including first metallic plate means for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensional anode network, said cathode means including second metallic plate means for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensional cathode network, and said bi-dimensional anode and cathode networks being interleaved so that each cathode element is located within a respective one of
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cold-emission cathode means and anode circuit means, said structures being disposed in juxtaposition, means for reciprocally coupling said structures, said anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means to enable application of microwave energy to one side of said network and output means to enable abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said bi-dimensional network.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and anode circuit means, said structures being located side by side, means for reciprocally coupling each of said structures with its adjacent structures, said anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bidimensional network with polygonal meshes, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means for exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and output means for abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network, said anode circuit means including first metallic plate means for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensional anode network, said cathode means including second metallic plate means for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensional cathode network, said second metallic plate means being substantially parallel to and electrically insulated with respect to said first metallic plate means, and said bidimensional anode and cathode networks
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and anode circuit means, said structures being located side by side, means for reciprocally coupling each of said structures with its adjacent structures, said anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bidimensional network with polygonal meshes, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means for exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and output means for abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network, said anode circuit means including first metallic plate means for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensional anode network, said cathode means including second metallic plate means for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensional cathode network, said second metallic plate means being substantially parallel to and electrically insulated with respect to said first metallic plate means, and said bi-dimensional anode and cathode
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and anode circuit means, said structures being disposed in juxtaposition, means for reciprocally coupling said structures, said anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network, means for applying a potential difference between said anode cir- 9 cuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means to enable application of microwave energy to one side of said network, and output means to enable abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said bi-dimensional network.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and anode circuit means, said structures being disposed in juxtaposition, means for reciprocally coupling said structures, said anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means to enable application of microwave energy to one side of said network and output means to enable abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said bi-dimensional network, the pitch of said bi-dimensional anode network being substantially equal to the wave-length of the microwave energy propagating therein which is supplied thereto by said input means.
  • a microwave amplifier tube of the travelling wave type having an evacuated enclosure, an anode structure along which electromagnetic microwave energy may propagate and provided with input means and output means, and a cathode structure for emitting electrons adapted to move within said tube in energy-transfer relationship with the electromagnetic wave energy adapted to propagate in said anode structure
  • the improvement essentially consisting of a plurality of magnetron-like structures within said enclosure, each magnetron-like structure comprising first means effectively forming an anode circuit and second means effectively forming a cathode, and means within said tube for effectively coupling adjacent magnetron-like structures with each other to efiectively form bi-dimensioual network means constituted at least in part by said anode circuits along which propagates the microwave energy supplied by said input means to enable abstraction thereof by said output means after amplification thereof within said tube.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and anode circuit means, said structures being disposed in juxtaposition, means for reciprocally coupling said structures, said anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network, cooling means for said bi-dimensional anode network, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means to enable application of microwave energy to one side of said network, and output means to enable abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said bi-dimensional network.
  • a high power electron discharge device of the travelling wave type which is adapted to amplify electromagnetic wave energy, comprising first means effectievly constituting an anode structure, second means effectively constituting a cathode structure, said first and second means being so assembled and arranged as to form a plurality of magnetron-like structureshaving anode and cathode means, at least the anode means of said magnetronlike structures effectively constituting a bi-dimensional network provided with means efiectively and reciprocally coupling the magnetron-like structures, input means for said network to enable the application thereto of microwave energy, and output means coupled to said network for abstracting therefrom amplified microwave energy.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and an anode circuit means, said structures being juxtaposed, maens for reciprocally coupling said structures, at least the anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network with poly onal meshes, means for applling a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means to enable exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and output means to enable abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network including an output window inclined with respect to the direction of propagation within said anode network of microwave energy supplied by said input means.
  • a microwave amplifier tube of the travelling wave type having an evacuated enclosure, an anode struc ture along which electromagnetic microwave energy may propagate and provided with input means and output means, and a cathode structure for emitting electrons adapted to move within said tube in energy-transfer relationship with the electromagnetic wave energy adapted to propagate in said anode structure
  • the improvement essentially consisting of a plurality of magnetron-like structures within said enclosure, each magnetron-like structure comprising first means effectively forming an anode circuit and second means effectively forming a cathode, and means within said tube for effectively coupling adjacent magnetron-like structures with each other to effectively form bi-dimensional network means constituted at least in part by said anode circuit along which propagates the microwave energy supplied by said input means to enable abstraction thereof by said output means after amplification thereof within said tube, and means within said tube for maintaining substantially constant throughout the active part of the tube the energy density.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and an anode circuit means, said structures being juxtaposed, means for reciprocally coupling said structures, at least the anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network with poly onal meshes, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means to enable exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, output means to enable abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said'network including an output window inclined with respect to the direction of propagation within said anode network of microwave energy supplied by said input means, and attenuating means operatively associated with that part of said anode network which lies in the path of the portion of microwave energy reflected by said output window.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and an anode circuit means, said structures being juxtaposed, means for reciprocally coupling said structures, at least the anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network with polygonal meshes of square shape, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magneticfield substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron struc tures, input means to enable exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and output means to enable abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and an anode circuit means, said structures being juxtaposed, means for reciprocally coupling said structures, at least the anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network with polygonal meshes of hexagonal shape, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means to enable exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and output means to enable abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and an anode circuit means, said structures being juxtaposed, means for reciprocally coupling said structures, at least the anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network with polygonal meshes, the elements of said network having the form of rods supporting thereon profiled heads, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means to enable exciting One side of said network with microwave energy, and output means to enable abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network.
  • a high power electron discharge device adapted to amplify electromagnetic wave energy, comprising, within a substantially evacuated enclosure, anode means and cathode means, said anode and cathode means being so arranged as to effectively form simultaneously, on the one hand, a plurality of magnetron-like structures each provided with an anode structure with a cathode structure and, on the other, a bi-dimensional wave-guiding structure along which microwave energy is adapted to propagate, input and output means for said wave-guiding structure to enable application to and abstraction from said wave guiding structure of microwave energy, and means for amplifying within said device the applied microwave energy including means for operating said magnetron-like structures substantially as mutually coupled locked-in oscillators controlled by the applied microwave energy and means enabling propagation of the applied microwave energy along said wave guiding structure in energy transfer relationship with the microwave energy produced by said magnetron-like structures in such a manner as to produce an increase in the energy level of said propagating microwave energy.
  • a high power electron discharge device of the travelling wave type which is adapted to amplify electromagnetic wave energy, comprising first means effectively constituting an anode structure including means effectively providing a bi-dimensional travelling-wave structure, second means effectively constituting a cathode structure including electron emissive means, said first and second means being so assembled and arranged as to form a plurality of magnetron-like assemblies, means effectively coupling individual magnetron-like assemblies with each other, input means to enable application of microwave energy to said bi-dimensional structure, and output means coupled to said bi-dirnensional structure for abstracting therefrom amplified microwave energy.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising with an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and anode circuit means, said structures being located side by side, means for reciprocally coupling each of said structures with its adjacent structures, said anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network with polygonal meshes, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means for exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and output means for abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network, said anode circuit means including first metallic plate means for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensional anode network, said cathode means including second metallic plate means provided with at least one trap for microwave energy for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensional cathode network, said second metallic plate means being substantially parallel to and electrically insulated with respect to said first metallic plate means, and said bi
  • a high power electron discharge device adapted to amplify electromagnetic wave energy, comprising, within a substantially evacuated enclosure, anode means and cathode means, said anode and cathode means being so arranged as to effectively form simultaneously, on the one hand, a plurality of magnetron-like structures each provided with an anode structure with a cathode structure and, on the other, a bi-dimensional wave-guiding structure along which microwave energy is adapted to propagate, input and output means for said wave-guiding structure to enable application to and abstraction from said wave guiding structure of microwave energ, and means for amplifying within said device the applied microwave energy including means for operating said magnetron-like structures substantially as mutually coupled locked-in oscillators controlled by the applied microwave energy and means enabling propagation of the applied microwave energy along said wave guiding structure in energy transfer relationship with the microwave energy produced by said magnetron-like structures in such a manner as to produce an increase in the energy level of said propagating microwave energy while maintaining essentially constant the energy density within said device.
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and an anode circuit means, said structures being located side by side, means for reciprocally coupling said structures, the anode circuit means of said structures being combined to form a bi-dimensional network with polygonal meshes, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, means to enable exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and means to enable abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network, the cathode means and the anode network elements being of progressively decreasing heights in the direction toward both the input and output sides thereof.
  • a high power microwave travelling Wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and anode circuit means, said structures being located side by side, means for reciprocally coupling each of said structures with its adjacent structures, said anode circuit means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network with polygonal meshes, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means for exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and output means for abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network, said anode circuit means including first me tallic plate means for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensional anode network, said cathode means including second metallic plate means provided with at least one trap for microwave energy for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensional cathode network, said second metallic plate means being substantially parallel to and electrically insulated with respect to said first metallic plate means,
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magentron structures each having cathode means and anode circuit means, said structure being located side by side, means for reciprocally coupling each of said structures, said anode circiut means of said structures being combined to effectively form a bi-dimensional network with polygonal meshes, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circuit means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, input means for exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and output means for abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network, said anode circuit means including first metallic plate means for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensinal anode network, said cathode means including second metallic plate means for supporting thereon the elements forming the bi-dimensional cathode network, and said bi-dimensional anode and cathode networks being interleaved so that each cathode element is located within
  • a high power microwave travelling wave amplifier comprising within an evacuated enclosure a plurality of magnetron structures each having cathode means and an anode circuit means, said structures being located side by side, means for reciprocally coupling said structures, the anode circuit means of said structures being combined to form a bi-dimensional network with polygonal meshes, means for applying a potential difference between said anode circiut means and cathode means, means for applying a magnetic field substantially in the axial direction of said magnetron structures, means to enable exciting one side of said network with microwave energy, and means to enable abstracting amplified microwave energy at the other side of said network, the anode network elements being of progressively decreasing heights in the direction toward both the input and output sides thereof.
  • a high power electron discharge device adapted to amplify electromagnetic wave energy, comprising, within a substantially evacuated enclosure, anode means and cathode means, said anode and cathode means being so arranged as to effectively form simultaneously, on the one hand, a plurality of magnetron-like structures each provided with an anode structure with a cathode structure, and on the other, a bi-dimensional wave-guiding structure along which microwave energy is adapted to propagate, input and output means for said wave-guiding structure to enable application to and abstraction from said wave guiding structure of microwave energy, and means for amplifying within said device the applied microwave energy including means for operating said magnetron-like structures substantially as locked-in oscillators and means enabling propagation of the applied microwave energy along said wave guiding structure in energy transfer relationship with the microwave energy produced by said magnetron-like structures.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Microwave Amplifiers (AREA)
US152273A 1960-11-23 1961-11-14 High power electron tube with multiple locked-in magnetron oscillators Expired - Lifetime US3324341A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR844736A FR1281983A (fr) 1960-11-23 1960-11-23 Amplificateur à ondes progressives de très grande puissance

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US3324341A true US3324341A (en) 1967-06-06

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US (1) US3324341A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH391118A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1294564B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1281983A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB956162A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL271482A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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US3631315A (en) * 1969-10-20 1971-12-28 Raytheon Co Broadband traveling wave device having a logarithmically varying bidimensional interaction space
US3973157A (en) * 1974-01-07 1976-08-03 S.A.E.S. Getters S.P.A. Charged-particle trapping electrode
US3982152A (en) * 1974-11-25 1976-09-21 Raytheon Company Cascade crossed field device
RU2454786C1 (ru) * 2010-12-21 2012-06-27 Юрий Михайлович Егоров Устройство сложения мощностей двух магнетронных генераторов на щелевой структуре
RU208358U1 (ru) * 2021-09-28 2021-12-15 Акционерное общество "Плутон" Генераторный модуль СВЧ - излучения
CN115083867A (zh) * 2022-08-11 2022-09-20 电子科技大学 一种适用于行波放大器的慢波结构及行波管
RU2813853C1 (ru) * 2023-07-07 2024-02-19 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) Способ согласования волноводов

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US2687777A (en) * 1948-07-20 1954-08-31 Csf Thermionic tube for ultrashort waves
FR1109184A (fr) * 1954-07-16 1956-01-23 Csf Perfectionnements aux lignes à retard en hélice
US2832005A (en) * 1951-03-06 1958-04-22 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron-discharge devices
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US2888598A (en) * 1952-12-19 1959-05-26 Csf Delay lines
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DE1093917B (de) * 1959-12-24 1960-12-01 Mikrowellen Ges M B H Deutsche Elektrische Entladungseinrichtung der Wanderfeldmagnetronbauart
US2992356A (en) * 1956-07-31 1961-07-11 Rca Corp Traveling wave amplifier tube
US3002123A (en) * 1957-01-11 1961-09-26 Rca Corp Traveling wave tube structure

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US2951173A (en) * 1947-11-25 1960-08-30 Csf Traveling wave tube oscillators
US2687777A (en) * 1948-07-20 1954-08-31 Csf Thermionic tube for ultrashort waves
US2832005A (en) * 1951-03-06 1958-04-22 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron-discharge devices
US2888598A (en) * 1952-12-19 1959-05-26 Csf Delay lines
FR1109184A (fr) * 1954-07-16 1956-01-23 Csf Perfectionnements aux lignes à retard en hélice
US2849643A (en) * 1955-01-13 1958-08-26 Csf Double beam electron discharge tube
US2888649A (en) * 1956-01-31 1959-05-26 Raytheon Mfg Co Traveling wave tube system
US2992356A (en) * 1956-07-31 1961-07-11 Rca Corp Traveling wave amplifier tube
US3002123A (en) * 1957-01-11 1961-09-26 Rca Corp Traveling wave tube structure
DE1093917B (de) * 1959-12-24 1960-12-01 Mikrowellen Ges M B H Deutsche Elektrische Entladungseinrichtung der Wanderfeldmagnetronbauart

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3631315A (en) * 1969-10-20 1971-12-28 Raytheon Co Broadband traveling wave device having a logarithmically varying bidimensional interaction space
US3973157A (en) * 1974-01-07 1976-08-03 S.A.E.S. Getters S.P.A. Charged-particle trapping electrode
US3982152A (en) * 1974-11-25 1976-09-21 Raytheon Company Cascade crossed field device
RU2454786C1 (ru) * 2010-12-21 2012-06-27 Юрий Михайлович Егоров Устройство сложения мощностей двух магнетронных генераторов на щелевой структуре
RU208358U1 (ru) * 2021-09-28 2021-12-15 Акционерное общество "Плутон" Генераторный модуль СВЧ - излучения
CN115083867A (zh) * 2022-08-11 2022-09-20 电子科技大学 一种适用于行波放大器的慢波结构及行波管
RU2813853C1 (ru) * 2023-07-07 2024-02-19 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) Способ согласования волноводов

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL271482A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH391118A (fr) 1965-04-30
FR1281983A (fr) 1962-01-19
GB956162A (en) 1964-04-22
DE1294564B (de) 1969-05-08

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