US3322933A - Synthetic fiber processing machine - Google Patents

Synthetic fiber processing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3322933A
US3322933A US338209A US33820964A US3322933A US 3322933 A US3322933 A US 3322933A US 338209 A US338209 A US 338209A US 33820964 A US33820964 A US 33820964A US 3322933 A US3322933 A US 3322933A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
temperature
fiber
processing machine
heater
synthetic fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US338209A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jr John D Harnden
Donald L Watrous
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FYCON INDUSTRIES A CORP OF FLA
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US338209A priority Critical patent/US3322933A/en
Priority to GB52095/64A priority patent/GB1086268A/en
Priority to DE1965G0042544 priority patent/DE1660333B2/de
Priority to FR2087A priority patent/FR1420971A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3322933A publication Critical patent/US3322933A/en
Assigned to FYCON INDUSTRIES, A CORP. OF FLA. reassignment FYCON INDUSTRIES, A CORP. OF FLA. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ROSE INTERNATIONAL ,INC.,231 SOUTH LAKE HOWELL ROAD, CASSELBERRY, FLA. 32707
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/224—Selection or control of the temperature during stretching
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1906—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
    • G05D23/24—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor

Definitions

  • Fine synthetic fibers obtained directly from spinning .or extrusion processes require further processing to obtain the desired smaller deniers. This further processing is usually carried out on. a draw twist machine where the fiber is heated to raise the fiber to a temperature just below its melting point, while the fiber is under tension. Due to the tension while it is heated the fiber is reduced by a drawing process to a smaller diameter or denier.
  • the fiber may be heated prior to being drawn to prepare it for the draw process, and may also be heated after being drawnfor annealing.
  • the temperature of synthetic fibers has been controlled during the draw process in the past in a number of ways.
  • the most common way has been to put a series rheostat in the power supp-1y to each heater to control the power sup-plied to each heater, and thus the temperature of the fiber being drawn. There is no temperature feedback in such a machine so that it is responsive to fiber loading and changing ambient conditions.
  • Another way has been to apply power to each heater, and provide a temperature feedback to turn the powerclf when the temperature rises above a predetermined value, and to turn the power on when the temperature falls below a predetermined value. It is impossible to maintain a straight line temperature function, with such control, and the temperature varies widely.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improved synthetic fiber processing machine for controlling the temperature of fibers during the draw process which is responsive to fiber loading and changing ambient conditions.
  • Yet another object of this invention is'to provide a new and improved synthetic fiber processing machine which will control the temperature. of fibers during the draw process by providing reproductibility of temperature setting.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide a new and improved synthetic fiber processing machine which will control the temperature of fibers during the draw process by maintaining low long term drift and reliability.
  • Synthetic fiber processing machines have several positions so that several fibers are drawn at the same time
  • the temperature of the heating elements for the dilferent positions has tended to vary fromposition to position, resulting in variations in the thread quality.
  • the temperature of the fiber heated by a heating element is sensed during the draw process.
  • the application of constant power to the heating element is controlled to maintain the temperature of the fiber at a predetermined value, in response to the sensing of the temperature.
  • the predetermined values of each position may be controlled simultaneously to insure that the temperature at each position is the same.
  • FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a synthetic processing machine.
  • FIGURE 2 is a schematic of the synthetic fiber processing machine constructed according to this invention.
  • FIGURE 3 shows the waveforms used in controlling the machine shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the fiber to be processed is taken directly from the spinning process of a raw fiber package 3.
  • the fiber may then pass through one or more tension devices and takes several wraps about the feed roll 5.
  • the feed roll 5 may or may not be heated, depending on the specific process involved. If heated, the purpose is to bring the fiber up to' a temperature close to the drawing temperature.
  • the thread is then passed over. a heated flat plate 7 to raise the fiber to a temperature just below its melting point.
  • the draw roll 9 runs at a surface speed higher than that of the feed roll to put the. fiber under a tension. Due to the tension, the diameter or denier of the heated fiber is reduced between the draw roll and the feed roll.
  • the ratio between the surface speed of the feed roll and the draw roll is called the draw ratio and varies from 1.5 to 8 depending on the desired denier.
  • the draw roll 9 may also be heated to perform annealing and shrinking functions.
  • the fiber then passes onto a twisting ring 11 where fibers from several draw rolls are twisted together, and put into, the finished package 13.
  • the temperature of each must be regulated to a predetermined value and corresponding identical value.
  • the heaters used for heating the elements are usually electrical resistance heaters such as the heater 3,1 in FIGURE 2.
  • the application of the heaters to the rolls, pins, and plates varies. Some rolls are heated from stationary cylinderical heaters mounted inside the rolls, while others have the heaters imbeded in the rolls with power supplied by slip rings.
  • the flat plate heaters and the pin heaters vary from simple tube heaters attached to a metal base to calrod type elements cast into aluminum, copper or steel shells.
  • the manner in which the electrical heater is applied to the heated element may be carried out in any suitable manner.
  • the temperature of the heater is sensed by a suitable electrical detector such as thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors, or thermistors.
  • a thermistor is employed in the embodiment described herein. The embodiment described herein senses the heater temperature but the temperature of the roll, plate, pin or fiber itself may also be sensed.
  • the thermistor is placed in a position to sense the temperature of the heated element such as imbedding the thermistor in the heater block.
  • the thermistor provides a signal which is a function of the temperature of the heated element.
  • a 60 cycle AC. power supply is applied to terminals 21 and 22.
  • the waveform applied to terminal 21 is shown as waveform A in FIG- URE 3.
  • a square wave in synchronism with the 60 cycle A.C. waveform A is applied to terminal 23, as shown in FIGURE 3, waveform B.
  • Terminal 23 is connected through an on-off switch 25 and resistor 27 to base 2 of unijunction transistor 29.
  • Terminal 21 is connected through electrical heater 31 and fuse 33 to the anode of silicon controlled rectifier 35.
  • the cathode of the silicon controlled rectifier 35 is connected to common buss 37, which is in turn connected to terminal 22.
  • the gate of the silicon controlled rectifier 35 is connected to base 1 of unijunction transistor 29 and through resistor 39 to common buss 37.
  • the emitter of unijunction transistor 29 is connected through capacitor 41 to common buss 37 land through resistor 43 to the collector of PNP transistor 45.
  • the base of transistor 45 is connected to thermistor 47 and through a 1100 ohm resistor 49 to a trim rheostat 51.
  • Trim rheostat 51 is connected to a potentiometer 53 which may be adjusted to provide a variable to 17 volts between terminals 55 and 57. Potentiometer 53 is connected .to a DC. power source.
  • Thermistor 47 is connected through a fiber break switch 59 to a buss 64. When the fiber at that specific position breaks the fiber break switch 59 is connected to terminal 63.
  • a variable 0 to 3 volt supply is connected between terminals 63 and buss 64.
  • a fixed 3 volt supply is connected between terminals 57 and 64.
  • Rheostat 61 is connected to terminal 63 and to a DC. power source.
  • Terminal 57 is connected through variable resistor 65 to
  • the thermistor 47, the sum of the 1100 ohm resistor 49 and the trim rheostat 51, the 3 volt power supply between terminals 64 and 57, and the 0-17 v-olt variable power supply between terminals 55 and 57 form four legs of a bridge circuit.
  • a plurality of heater controls identical to the heater control just described may be connected in parallel at the terminals 23, 63, 64, 57, 55 and 22.
  • the group control potentiometer 53 simultaneously adjusts the 1-17 volt leg of the bridge circuit in each heater control.
  • Two heater controls 67 and 69 are shown in block form connected in this manner.
  • the desired temperature is set by adjusting the trim rheostat 51 and the group control potentiometer 53 to adjust the 0-17 volt leg of the bridge.
  • the bridge is balanced when the ratio of the thermist-ors 47 ohms divided by the ohms of the 1100 ohm resistor 49 and the trim rheostat 51 is equal to the ratio of the 3 volt power suppiy to the actual voltage on the 1-17 volt power supply.
  • the on-off switch 25 is closed.
  • the bridge circuit is unbalanced as the temperature of the fiber is below the desired temperature.
  • the error signal from the bridge circuit turns transistor 45 on, providing a current to charge capacitor 41 to a positive potential as shown in waveform C, FIGURE 3, if the waveform applied to base 2 of unijunction transistor 29 is positive as shown in waveform B, FIGURE 3.
  • unijunction transistor 29 fires, generating a voltage pulse across resistor 39 as shown in waveform D, FIGURE 3.
  • the voltage pulse across resistor 39 is applied to the gate electrode of silicon controlled rectifier 35 to trigger the silicon controlled rectifier 35 on if a positive signal is applied to terminal 21 as shown in waveform A, FIGURE 3.
  • Line voltage is then applied to the heater 31 for the rest of that half cycle, as shown in waveform E, FIGURE 3, to raise the temperature of the heater 31.
  • the voltage at terminal 23 momentarily goes to zero, as shown in waveform B, FIGURE 3, causing unijunction transistor 35 to fire, discharging capacitor 41.
  • the silicon controlled rectifier 35 turns off as the anode becomes negative with respect to the cathode, as the current falls below the holding current value.
  • the signal applied to the silicon controlled rectifier 35 is a 60 cycle A.C. signaLThus, for half of each cycle a negative signal is applied to the anode and a positive signal applied to the cathode of the silicon controlled rectifier 35. For the other half cycle a positive signal is applied to the anode and a negative signal applied to the cathode of the silicon controlled rectifier 35.
  • the silicon ature the silicon controlled rectifier is turned on later in the half cycle to apply less power to the heater 31.
  • the system will stabilize with the silicon controlled rectifier turned on for a small portion of each half cycle only to apply constant power to the heater 31 to maintain the temperature constant.
  • the silicon controlled rectifier will be turned on at different times in the half cycle due to changes in the error signal from the bridge circuit to keep the temperature of the heater 31 constant.
  • Potentiometer 53 may be changed to change the 0-17 volt power supply leg of the bridge circuit of each of the heater controls to change the desired temperature of the heaters.
  • the silicon controlled rectifier 35 may also be supplied from fullwave rectified A.C., and it will then conduct on each half cycle.
  • a synthetic fiber processing machine for closely controlling the temperature of fibers during the draw process, means for heating a fiber, an AC. power supply forsaid heating means, a'silicon controlled rectifier connected between said A.C. power supply and said heating means, a bridge circuit having a thermistor in one leg therein for sensing the temperature of the fiber heated by said heating means and a variable resistance in another leg forlindicating a desired predetermined value, said bridge circuit producing an error signal varying according to the difference between the sensed temperature and a predetermined value, a transistor tuned in by an error signal from said bridge circuit, a capacitor charged to a positive potential through said transistor, a unijunction transistor fired to produce a voltage pulse when the potential across said capacitor reaches a predetermined value, means for applying the voltage pulse from said unijunction transistor to the gate electrode of said silicon controlled rectifier to fire said silicon controlled rectifier so that power from said A.C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
US338209A 1964-01-16 1964-01-16 Synthetic fiber processing machine Expired - Lifetime US3322933A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US338209A US3322933A (en) 1964-01-16 1964-01-16 Synthetic fiber processing machine
GB52095/64A GB1086268A (en) 1964-01-16 1964-12-22 Temperature control circuit for synthetic fibre processing machine
DE1965G0042544 DE1660333B2 (de) 1964-01-16 1965-01-14 Vorrichtung zum regeln der fadentemperatur
FR2087A FR1420971A (fr) 1964-01-16 1965-01-15 Circuit de contrôle de température d'une machine de traitement de fibres synthétiques

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US338209A US3322933A (en) 1964-01-16 1964-01-16 Synthetic fiber processing machine

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US3322933A true US3322933A (en) 1967-05-30

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US338209A Expired - Lifetime US3322933A (en) 1964-01-16 1964-01-16 Synthetic fiber processing machine

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3322933A (fr)
DE (1) DE1660333B2 (fr)
FR (1) FR1420971A (fr)
GB (1) GB1086268A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3818183A (en) * 1973-05-09 1974-06-18 J Masson Electronic temperature control system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR950701991A (ko) * 1993-04-30 1995-05-17 클라우스 퓌팅, 리이터 핑슈텐 연신방법(Drawing Process)

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2474912A (en) * 1946-03-16 1949-07-05 Du Pont Drawtwister
US2904872A (en) * 1955-06-13 1959-09-22 North American Rayon Corp Stop motion device
US2958008A (en) * 1959-08-14 1960-10-25 Chemstrand Corp Control circuit
US3040156A (en) * 1959-08-14 1962-06-19 Monsanto Chemicals Control circuit
US3109910A (en) * 1960-08-29 1963-11-05 Genistron Inc Temperature reference apparatus
US3136877A (en) * 1962-06-25 1964-06-09 Bulova Watch Co Inc Electronic thermostatic system
US3149224A (en) * 1961-11-24 1964-09-15 Monsanto Co Heater control circuit
US3159737A (en) * 1962-05-17 1964-12-01 Beckman Instruments Inc Temperature controller
US3235711A (en) * 1963-08-22 1966-02-15 Forma Scient Inc Control circuit
US3240916A (en) * 1963-09-23 1966-03-15 Monsanto Co Solid state anticipating temperature controller
US3247361A (en) * 1962-07-09 1966-04-19 Basic Products Corp Regulator

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2474912A (en) * 1946-03-16 1949-07-05 Du Pont Drawtwister
US2904872A (en) * 1955-06-13 1959-09-22 North American Rayon Corp Stop motion device
US2958008A (en) * 1959-08-14 1960-10-25 Chemstrand Corp Control circuit
US3040156A (en) * 1959-08-14 1962-06-19 Monsanto Chemicals Control circuit
US3109910A (en) * 1960-08-29 1963-11-05 Genistron Inc Temperature reference apparatus
US3149224A (en) * 1961-11-24 1964-09-15 Monsanto Co Heater control circuit
US3159737A (en) * 1962-05-17 1964-12-01 Beckman Instruments Inc Temperature controller
US3136877A (en) * 1962-06-25 1964-06-09 Bulova Watch Co Inc Electronic thermostatic system
US3247361A (en) * 1962-07-09 1966-04-19 Basic Products Corp Regulator
US3235711A (en) * 1963-08-22 1966-02-15 Forma Scient Inc Control circuit
US3240916A (en) * 1963-09-23 1966-03-15 Monsanto Co Solid state anticipating temperature controller

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3818183A (en) * 1973-05-09 1974-06-18 J Masson Electronic temperature control system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1420971A (fr) 1965-12-10
GB1086268A (en) 1967-10-04
DE1660333B2 (de) 1976-03-04
DE1660333A1 (de) 1970-12-17

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