US3320947A - Device for the excitation of nerve networks - Google Patents
Device for the excitation of nerve networks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3320947A US3320947A US405680A US40568064A US3320947A US 3320947 A US3320947 A US 3320947A US 405680 A US405680 A US 405680A US 40568064 A US40568064 A US 40568064A US 3320947 A US3320947 A US 3320947A
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- electrodes
- pulse
- excitation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0408—Use-related aspects
- A61N1/0456—Specially adapted for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation [TENS]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0472—Structure-related aspects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/36014—External stimulators, e.g. with patch electrodes
- A61N1/3603—Control systems
- A61N1/36034—Control systems specified by the stimulation parameters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/0404—Electrodes for external use
- A61N1/0472—Structure-related aspects
- A61N1/0492—Patch electrodes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
- A61N1/0526—Head electrodes
- A61N1/0529—Electrodes for brain stimulation
- A61N1/0531—Brain cortex electrodes
Definitions
- This invention relates to a device for exciting or stimulating neuron networks of test persons through their skin and especially for use in the therapy and diagnostic of nervous disturbances of muscles and blood vessels as well as for the production of phosphene electrosleep or electronarcosis.
- the devices used hitherto for this purpose generally consist of mains-operated electric pulse generators of frequencies from 1 to 100 or 1 to 1000 cycles per second.
- the outputs of such pulse generators are connected through relatively long cables to two or more metal electrodes which are pressed to the skin surface of the test person at the pOsition most appropriate for excitation.
- Such devices generally are relatively large, cumbersome and heavy. They also require a long cable connection from the device to the test person. This, especially in electrosleep and phosphene devices, impairs the desired effect on the test person because these arrangements impede the free mobility of the test person.
- the disadvantages of the known devices are avoided by arranging the pulse generator in at least one box type housing which is placed on the body of the test person, and which has attached to its outside at least one of the electrodes.
- this box type housing consists of metal it can serve itself as an electrode.
- the housing is made of insulating material which may be of advantage in view of the circuit elements arranged inside the housing, the electrode can also be attached on the surface of the housing in form of a metal covering or in the form of an appropriate electrode plate.
- various forms of electrodes can be used. Apart from the customary plane electrodes, brush or ring type electrodes for example, fitting into the eye cavities of the test person can be provided.
- a third plane or brush shaped electrode is provided, applicable to the occipital region of the cranium or on the neck of the test person.
- the electrode attached to the housing especially the two electrodes attached on two separate box type housing parts, are pressed to the skin surface by means of an elastic band attached to the housing at the point most favorable for the excitation of the nerve network concerned.
- the device according to the invention in which the electric pulse generator forms together with the electrodes a structural unit of compact built, is therefore applicable on the test person in a very simple manner and does not disturb the course of the test.
- FIG. 1 shows, partially in cross section, and in front elevation, a device according to the invention built into a structural unit
- FIG. 2 shows the principal circuit diagram of a pulse generator as applied to a device tion.
- FIG. 1 which shows a pulse device according to the invention for exciting or stimulating a neuron network
- the circuit elements of the pulse generator proper indicated at 1, 1 such as transistors, condensers, resistances, batteries and the like, are arranged in two box type housings 2, 2' forming structural units with the two electrodes, 3, 3', respectively consisting for example, of silver or the like and applicable on the skin of a test person 4.
- housing parts 2, 2' consist of insulating material.
- Housing parts 2, 2' with electrodes 3, 3, can be attached by means of belts 5 to the body portion 4, for example, the head of a test person containing the neuron network to be excited or stimulated.
- the circuit elements of the pulse generator arranged in parts 1, 1' of the device are connected electrically by means of one or more short cables -6.
- the exciter electrodes 3, 3' connected with the pulse generator can also be arranged on insulated housings 2, 2 by means of metallizing the surface of the housings, and electrodes 3, 3' together with housing parts 2, 2' can be pressed firmly by means of belts 5 to the skin surface of the test person.
- the electrodes can be covered with porous material such as flannel or foam rubber 7, 7', which has been wetted for example by means of a salt solution.
- a conducting electrode paste may also be applied.
- the arrangement of the box type housing parts in accordance with the invention and the configuration of the electrodes is always such that the electrodes can be applied in the desired manner on the most favorable point of the test person, for example, on the eyes.
- another electrode preferably brush-shaped, fitting to the occipital region of the test person, may be provided as schematically indicated at 3", attached to housing 2".
- any desired known circuits are suitable.
- a transistor circuit according to FIG. 2 has been found, operating according to the principle of a blocking oscillator.
- switchable condenser 21 is charged through the collector emitter line of a transistor 20 by means of a battery 22 and adjustable resistance 23 which serves to form the pulse front.
- charge condenser 21 is continuously discharged through the resistor condenser combination 24. If the voltage on condenser 21 has reached a certain value, a discharge occurs through the emitter-base line of transistor 20, which involves the formation of the back of the pulse.
- a current limiting resistance 25 is provided which in order to avoid a feedback is bridged by a condenser 26.
- Resistance 27 provided in the output circuit of the transistor serves to control the output voltage.
- the pulse frequency is adjusted by vari-able resistance 23 or by the adjustment of condenser 21.
- an ammeter 28 is arranged in the line to electrodes 3, 3'.
- circuits are suitable operating with constant scanning ratio and continually variable frequency, or devices operating with constant pulse duration and variable duration of interval, hence possessing a variable scanning ratio.
- the latter type of generators can be so dimensioned that the same device permits at short pulse durations for example of less than one msec.
- optimum conditions for the excitation of a certain neurological according to the invenfunction for example, electrosleep, while at longer pulse durations, optimum conditions can be established for the excitation of another neurological function, for example, phosphene.
- a generator circuit can be applied as described in Elektrotechnisch No. 8 (1963) page 75, Fig. 5. This circuit permits a variable scanning ratio with variable interval duration whereby the pulse length remains constant with varying frequency.
- Apparatus for the excitation of the nerve networks of the human head comprising a pair of boxes both together containing complementary electronic pulse generating means, each box having one side wall forming an electrode for contact with one side of the head, and both boxes being electronically interconnected; said pulse generating means including a transistor circuit having a collector emitter connection to its corresponding electrode, adjust-able condenser means, a battery for charging said condenser means through said collector emitter connection, thereby forming one side of the pulse of the pulse References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,160,159 12/1964 Hoody et a1. 128-420 3,217,706 11/1965 Sullivan 1282.1
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Description
May 23, 1967 M. H. KNOLL 3,320,947
DEVICE FOR THE EXCITATION OF NERVE NETWORKS Filed Oct. 22, 1964 n H Q EMEM L :i 2 STRAP .1 I'
i- 1 11': 1111:: J: 'r- :-::"*L- 5 4 2 INSULATION 3' I CIRCUIT 3 HEAD CIRCUIT ELEMENTS gmmrems ELECTRODE PAD 6 CABLE 5 STRAP RCA 7 ,,,0UF 50m 2N32 3 IoKSZ 40 v.
I INVEINTOR United States Patent 1 Claim. ci. 12s-2.1
This invention relates to a device for exciting or stimulating neuron networks of test persons through their skin and especially for use in the therapy and diagnostic of nervous disturbances of muscles and blood vessels as well as for the production of phosphene electrosleep or electronarcosis.
The devices used hitherto for this purpose generally consist of mains-operated electric pulse generators of frequencies from 1 to 100 or 1 to 1000 cycles per second. The outputs of such pulse generators are connected through relatively long cables to two or more metal electrodes which are pressed to the skin surface of the test person at the pOsition most appropriate for excitation. Such devices generally are relatively large, cumbersome and heavy. They also require a long cable connection from the device to the test person. This, especially in electrosleep and phosphene devices, impairs the desired effect on the test person because these arrangements impede the free mobility of the test person.
In accordance with the invention the disadvantages of the known devices are avoided by arranging the pulse generator in at least one box type housing which is placed on the body of the test person, and which has attached to its outside at least one of the electrodes. In case this box type housing consists of metal it can serve itself as an electrode. In case, however, the housing is made of insulating material which may be of advantage in view of the circuit elements arranged inside the housing, the electrode can also be attached on the surface of the housing in form of a metal covering or in the form of an appropriate electrode plate. Depending upon the field of application, various forms of electrodes can be used. Apart from the customary plane electrodes, brush or ring type electrodes for example, fitting into the eye cavities of the test person can be provided. In the latter case it has been found particularly advantageous to provide two ring shaped electrodes connected in parallel and applicable concentrically with respect to each eye cavity of the test person; a third plane or brush shaped electrode is provided, applicable to the occipital region of the cranium or on the neck of the test person. In order to adapt the device to treatment in the dark it is further of advantage to shape the box type housing in such a manner that in operation, the eyes of the test person are closed by the housing tightly, against light. Preferably, the electrode attached to the housing, especially the two electrodes attached on two separate box type housing parts, are pressed to the skin surface by means of an elastic band attached to the housing at the point most favorable for the excitation of the nerve network concerned.
The device according to the invention in which the electric pulse generator forms together with the electrodes a structural unit of compact built, is therefore applicable on the test person in a very simple manner and does not disturb the course of the test.
These and other objects of the invention will be more fully apparent from the drawings annexed herewith in which:
FIG. 1 shows, partially in cross section, and in front elevation, a device according to the invention built into a structural unit;
FIG. 2 shows the principal circuit diagram of a pulse generator as applied to a device tion.
In FIG. 1 which shows a pulse device according to the invention for exciting or stimulating a neuron network, the circuit elements of the pulse generator proper indicated at 1, 1 such as transistors, condensers, resistances, batteries and the like, are arranged in two box type housings 2, 2' forming structural units with the two electrodes, 3, 3', respectively consisting for example, of silver or the like and applicable on the skin of a test person 4. Preferably housing parts 2, 2' consist of insulating material. Housing parts 2, 2' with electrodes 3, 3, can be attached by means of belts 5 to the body portion 4, for example, the head of a test person containing the neuron network to be excited or stimulated. The circuit elements of the pulse generator arranged in parts 1, 1' of the device are connected electrically by means of one or more short cables -6. The exciter electrodes 3, 3' connected with the pulse generator, can also be arranged on insulated housings 2, 2 by means of metallizing the surface of the housings, and electrodes 3, 3' together with housing parts 2, 2' can be pressed firmly by means of belts 5 to the skin surface of the test person.
In order to enhance the transition of current from electrodes 3, 3' to the skin of test person 4', the electrodes can be covered with porous material such as flannel or foam rubber 7, 7', which has been wetted for example by means of a salt solution. A conducting electrode paste may also be applied.
In order to keep the device as little and as light as possible subminiature or microtransistor circuits, for example printed circuits, are used for the generator.
The arrangement of the box type housing parts in accordance with the invention and the configuration of the electrodes is always such that the electrodes can be applied in the desired manner on the most favorable point of the test person, for example, on the eyes. Also in accordance with the invention, another electrode, preferably brush-shaped, fitting to the occipital region of the test person, may be provided as schematically indicated at 3", attached to housing 2".
As circuitry of the pulse generator, any desired known circuits are suitable. Of particular advantage however, a transistor circuit according to FIG. 2 has been found, operating according to the principle of a blocking oscillator. In this circuit, switchable condenser 21 is charged through the collector emitter line of a transistor 20 by means of a battery 22 and adjustable resistance 23 which serves to form the pulse front. Simultaneously, charge condenser 21 is continuously discharged through the resistor condenser combination 24. If the voltage on condenser 21 has reached a certain value, a discharge occurs through the emitter-base line of transistor 20, which involves the formation of the back of the pulse. In the base circuit of transistor 20, a current limiting resistance 25 is provided which in order to avoid a feedback is bridged by a condenser 26. Resistance 27 provided in the output circuit of the transistor serves to control the output voltage. The pulse frequency is adjusted by vari-able resistance 23 or by the adjustment of condenser 21. In order to measure the effective pulse current an ammeter 28 is arranged in the line to electrodes 3, 3'.
As pulse generators for the device according to the invention, circuits are suitable operating with constant scanning ratio and continually variable frequency, or devices operating with constant pulse duration and variable duration of interval, hence possessing a variable scanning ratio. The latter type of generators can be so dimensioned that the same device permits at short pulse durations for example of less than one msec. optimum conditions for the excitation of a certain neurological according to the invenfunction for example, electrosleep, while at longer pulse durations, optimum conditions can be established for the excitation of another neurological function, for example, phosphene. For this purpose, a generator circuit can be applied as described in Elektromedizin No. 8 (1963) page 75, Fig. 5. This circuit permits a variable scanning ratio with variable interval duration whereby the pulse length remains constant with varying frequency.
I claim:
Apparatus for the excitation of the nerve networks of the human head, comprising a pair of boxes both together containing complementary electronic pulse generating means, each box having one side wall forming an electrode for contact with one side of the head, and both boxes being electronically interconnected; said pulse generating means including a transistor circuit having a collector emitter connection to its corresponding electrode, adjust-able condenser means, a battery for charging said condenser means through said collector emitter connection, thereby forming one side of the pulse of the pulse References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,160,159 12/1964 Hoody et a1. 128-420 3,217,706 11/1965 Sullivan 1282.1
FOREIGN PATENTS 1,177,325 12/1958 France. 1,806,186 2/1960 Germany.
RICHARD A. GAUDET, Primary Examiner.
20 S. BRODER, Assistalnt Examiner.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEK0051180 | 1963-10-25 |
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US3320947A true US3320947A (en) | 1967-05-23 |
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US405680A Expired - Lifetime US3320947A (en) | 1963-10-25 | 1964-10-22 | Device for the excitation of nerve networks |
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Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3521087A (en) * | 1969-05-16 | 1970-07-21 | Spacelabs Inc | Current limiting circuit |
US3565060A (en) * | 1968-08-21 | 1971-02-23 | Us Navy | Biopotential sensor employing integrated circuitry |
US3918461A (en) * | 1974-01-31 | 1975-11-11 | Irving S Cooper | Method for electrically stimulating the human brain |
US4018218A (en) * | 1975-03-12 | 1977-04-19 | Carlson James E | Method and apparatus for sleep induction |
US4360026A (en) * | 1980-02-28 | 1982-11-23 | Venin Igor V | Defibrillator |
US4662884A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1987-05-05 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Prostheses and methods for promoting nerve regeneration |
US4722343A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1988-02-02 | Nicolet Instrument Corporation | Method and apparatus for applying electrical stimulus pulses to a subject |
US4778467A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1988-10-18 | The University Of Utah | Prostheses and methods for promoting nerve regeneration and for inhibiting the formation of neuromas |
US4817628A (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1989-04-04 | David L. Zealear | System and method for evaluating neurological function controlling muscular movements |
US4942880A (en) * | 1981-01-28 | 1990-07-24 | Ceske Vysoke Uceni Technicke V Praze | Method for non-invasive electric diagnosis and therapy in hemodialysis and general medicine |
US6658299B1 (en) | 2000-01-04 | 2003-12-02 | William H. Dobelle | Artificial system for vision and the like |
US20050004625A1 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2005-01-06 | Chow Alan Y. | Treatment of degenerative retinal disease via electrical stimulation of surface structures |
US20050033202A1 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2005-02-10 | Chow Alan Y. | Mechanically activated objects for treatment of degenerative retinal disease |
US20060142818A1 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2006-06-29 | Optobionics | Methods for improving damaged retinal cell function |
US10046160B1 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2018-08-14 | Nse Products, Inc. | Electronic skin treatment device and method |
USD933840S1 (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2021-10-19 | Nse Products, Inc. | Microcurrent skin treatment device |
US12023491B2 (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2024-07-02 | Nse Products, Inc. | Modulated waveform treatment device and method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1177325A (en) * | 1957-06-18 | 1959-04-23 | Method for relaxing and lulling a patient | |
US3160159A (en) * | 1960-01-04 | 1964-12-08 | Hoody Jusha Borisovich | Device for inducing sleep |
US3217706A (en) * | 1962-10-02 | 1965-11-16 | Spacelabs Inc | Impedance oculograph |
DE1806186A1 (en) * | 1967-12-28 | 1969-07-10 | Voest Ag | Covering device for collecting trays of above-ground, lighter liquids than water-absorbing large-capacity containers |
-
1964
- 1964-10-22 US US405680A patent/US3320947A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1177325A (en) * | 1957-06-18 | 1959-04-23 | Method for relaxing and lulling a patient | |
US3160159A (en) * | 1960-01-04 | 1964-12-08 | Hoody Jusha Borisovich | Device for inducing sleep |
US3217706A (en) * | 1962-10-02 | 1965-11-16 | Spacelabs Inc | Impedance oculograph |
DE1806186A1 (en) * | 1967-12-28 | 1969-07-10 | Voest Ag | Covering device for collecting trays of above-ground, lighter liquids than water-absorbing large-capacity containers |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3565060A (en) * | 1968-08-21 | 1971-02-23 | Us Navy | Biopotential sensor employing integrated circuitry |
US3521087A (en) * | 1969-05-16 | 1970-07-21 | Spacelabs Inc | Current limiting circuit |
US3918461A (en) * | 1974-01-31 | 1975-11-11 | Irving S Cooper | Method for electrically stimulating the human brain |
US4018218A (en) * | 1975-03-12 | 1977-04-19 | Carlson James E | Method and apparatus for sleep induction |
US4360026A (en) * | 1980-02-28 | 1982-11-23 | Venin Igor V | Defibrillator |
US4942880A (en) * | 1981-01-28 | 1990-07-24 | Ceske Vysoke Uceni Technicke V Praze | Method for non-invasive electric diagnosis and therapy in hemodialysis and general medicine |
US4662884A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1987-05-05 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Prostheses and methods for promoting nerve regeneration |
US4778467A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1988-10-18 | The University Of Utah | Prostheses and methods for promoting nerve regeneration and for inhibiting the formation of neuromas |
US4817628A (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1989-04-04 | David L. Zealear | System and method for evaluating neurological function controlling muscular movements |
US4722343A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1988-02-02 | Nicolet Instrument Corporation | Method and apparatus for applying electrical stimulus pulses to a subject |
US6658299B1 (en) | 2000-01-04 | 2003-12-02 | William H. Dobelle | Artificial system for vision and the like |
US20050004625A1 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2005-01-06 | Chow Alan Y. | Treatment of degenerative retinal disease via electrical stimulation of surface structures |
US20050033202A1 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2005-02-10 | Chow Alan Y. | Mechanically activated objects for treatment of degenerative retinal disease |
US20060142818A1 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2006-06-29 | Optobionics | Methods for improving damaged retinal cell function |
US20100121231A1 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2010-05-13 | Chow Alan Y | Mechanically activated objects for treatment of degenerative retinal disease |
US7981062B2 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2011-07-19 | Imi Intelligent Medical Implants Ag | Mechanically activated objects for treatment of degenerative retinal disease |
US10046160B1 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2018-08-14 | Nse Products, Inc. | Electronic skin treatment device and method |
US12023491B2 (en) | 2020-04-03 | 2024-07-02 | Nse Products, Inc. | Modulated waveform treatment device and method |
USD933840S1 (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2021-10-19 | Nse Products, Inc. | Microcurrent skin treatment device |
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