US3319411A - Apparatus for treating yarn - Google Patents

Apparatus for treating yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3319411A
US3319411A US444283A US44428365A US3319411A US 3319411 A US3319411 A US 3319411A US 444283 A US444283 A US 444283A US 44428365 A US44428365 A US 44428365A US 3319411 A US3319411 A US 3319411A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
wheel
nub
draw
pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US444283A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles M Rice
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Akzona Inc
Original Assignee
American Enka Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by American Enka Corp filed Critical American Enka Corp
Priority to US444283A priority Critical patent/US3319411A/en
Priority to NL6603925A priority patent/NL6603925A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3319411A publication Critical patent/US3319411A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
    • D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
    • D01H5/32—Regulating or varying draft
    • D01H5/36—Regulating or varying draft according to a pre-arranged pattern, e.g. to produce slubs

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the production of novelty yarn or thread and more particularly to an apparatus for irregularly or intermittently elongating yarn to produce a thick-and-thin or nubby effect therein.
  • Patent No. 2,116,660 to C. Hutson and Patent No. 2,278,888 to E. V. Lewis, for example, describe systems for periodically lengthening the yarn draw path to produce nubs or enlarged portions in otherwise normal yarn.
  • a variable denier effect is obtained by shifting yarn laterally out of a normally straight path of travel to superimpose a secondary elongation on a primary elongation produced by draw rolls or godets.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a mechanism for producing thick-and-thin yarn not having the disadvantages enumerated above.
  • An important object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for manufacturing thick-and-thin yarn which responds immediately upon receipt of a signal to vary the denier of yarn being processed.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an attachment for converting existing textile machinery into nubby yarn production equipment without major modification.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide thickand-thin yarn production equipment which may be adjusted with relative ease for controlling nub length, spacing of nubs, thickness of nubs, and denier variations of the thick-and-thin portions.
  • a more specific object of the present invention is to provide a thick-and-thin yarn-producing machine capable of .point to point uniformity in products but having a thick-and-thin pattern which does not repeat sufliciently often to produce a barr effect when the yarn is processed into fabric.
  • a further object of this invention is to produce a thickand-thin yarn having a pleasing hand and appearance when woven or knitted into fabrics.
  • An'additional object of the present invention is to provide equipment for varying the draw ratio of existing machinery at a minimum of installation and maintenance expense.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a yarn treating apparatus which is foolproof in operation, which requires very little additional power, which does not damage yarn being treated, and which produces a pronounced variable denier effect in yarn being processed.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide an attachment for a yarn drawtwisting machine which, when activated, with intermittently and randomly vary the extent of draw of yarn being processed but which may be easily inactivated to permit normal or fixed drawratio of yarn by the same machine.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic view of a portion of a conventional drawtwisting machine, together with the variable denier equipment of the present invention mounted in rotating position;
  • FIGURE 2 is a partial schematic view similar to FIG- URE 1 but showing the variable denier producing equipment in a non-rotating position.
  • the apparatus shown and identified generally by numeral 10 represents the draw section of a conventional drawtwisting machine. While only one position has been shown, it will be apparent that a multiplicity of feed rollers, idler rollers and draw godets exist on either side of this machine. Moreover, it will be equally apparent that yarn 11 is drawn off a supply package (which has not been shown), and eventually is fed to a collection pirn (which also has not been shown). While this equipment generally is used for both drawing and twisting yarn, the principle of this invention is equally applicable to machinery which draws but does not impart twist during collection.
  • yarn 11 is fed from the undisclosed supply package across a fixed guide bar 12 and then onto idler roller 13, after which the yarn is passed a number of times back and forth between these elements. After suflicient wraps to insure snubbing, the yarn is passed from the guide bar 12 and roller 13 onto feed roller 14 which is driven by conventional means (not shown) normally common to all processing positions on an individual machine. Usually, yarn 11 would be fed directly from feed roller '14 through the dotted line position A onto draw pins 15, 16, and then onto draw godet 17 and separator roller 18. The draw godet 17 is also driven by means (not shown) common to several operating positions, but at a speed higher than that of feed roller 14.
  • the draw godet 17 For treatment of polyamide yarns, the draw godet 17 would normally be rotated at a surface speed three or four times that of feed roller 14. Other draw ratios of course would be used for other types of yarn, such as polyesters and acrylics. Yarn 11 is passed alternatively around draw godet 17 and separator roller 18 a sufficient number of times to prevent slippage during drawing, and is then fed to a suitable take-up suchas the ring twister mentioned above.
  • the present invention contemplates the addition of a nub wheel 20 freely rotatably supported on an arm 21 which is pivoted as at 22 either to a base frame or to some stationary portion of the draw twist machine. In either event, the arm is urged by spring 23 in a direction affording contact between wheel 20 and the feed roller 14. When unrestrained, therefore, nub wheel 20 will be urged into contact with driven feed roller 14 and will be rotated thereby.
  • a friction tire (not shown) of rubber or synthetic material may be added to the wheel 20 in order to insure a more positive contact between this wheel and the feed roller.
  • a nub pin 24 is mounted eccentrically onto nub wheel 20 and extends in a direction parallel to the axis of rtation. The pin of course rotates with the wheel when the wheel is in contact with the feed roller. Yarn 11 is directed from feed roller 14 about nub pin 24 prior to passage about draw pin 15. A stationary guide pin 25 fixed onto arm 21 is used for forcing yarn 11 back into the normal draw path A. When wheel 20 rotates, yarn 11 is drawn laterally out of normal draw path A and oscillates between the maximum length position designated by path B and the minimum length position designated with a dotted line as path C.
  • This switch energizes and de-energizes solenoid 28 from battery or other electrical power supply 30.
  • the armature 31 of solenoid 28 is pivotally connected to braking arm 32 of a brake mechanism generally indicated at 33..
  • the brake mechanism is pivotally mounted as at 34 onto the same base which supports arm 21, or to any suitable portion of the drawtwisting machine, alongside nub wheel 20.
  • a brake shoe 35 of suitable friction material is secured to arm 32 in a position for engagement with the rim or periphery of wheel 20 during operation.
  • Spring 36 normally urges brake mechanism 33 into engagement with wheel 20 where, as will be seen from FIGURE 2, the shoe 35 not only engages the rim of this wheel to prevent further rotation, but also serves an additional function of forcing the wheel 20 and arm 21 about pivot 22 so that the wheel no longer contacts feed roller 14. 'The relative strength or tension of springs 23 and 36 is selected to permit this dual function in the brake mechanism 33.
  • signal generator or pin wheel 26 is rotated by any known means at a constant or at a variable speed, as desired.
  • the various pins 37 extending radially therefrom may be equally spaced around the periphery of pin wheel 26 but preferably are unequally spaced in order to avoid the undesired irregularity of events described earlier.
  • These pins periodically one and close the switch 27 and of course periodically energize and de-energize solenoid 28 so that spring 36 may periodically force brake shoe 35 into engagement with the rim of nub wheel 20.
  • the pressure of brake shoe 35 on the rim causes immediate disengagement between wheel 20 and feed roller 14, due to the location of pivot 22, and also prevents further rotation of wheel 20* because of momentum.
  • the brake shoe 35 prevents the tensioned yarn 11 from rotating wheel 20 back to the minimum path position shown at C. Subsequent energization of solenoid 28 through roation of signal generator 26 will overcome the pressure imparted by spring 36 and will release brake shoe 35 from contact with the rim of wheel 20. When this occurs, tension spring 23 forces arm 21 in a clockwise position as shown in FIGURE 1, thereby urging wheel 20 into contact with feed roller 14 to receive rotation therefrom. The foregoing cyclic operation continues on an intermittent basis so long as pin wheel 26 opens and closes switch 27.
  • a primary draw occurs in yarn 11 when wheel 20 is locked against rotation. This may be construed as a first phase of operation.
  • an additional or secondary draw occurs, representing a second phase of operation.
  • a third phase is achieved when pin 24 moves toward draw godet 14 to shorten the draw path.
  • the amount of draw in this third phase is variable and less than that produced in the primary draw stage. Each phase generally can be discerned when yarn produced by this system is dyed.
  • the mechanism for driving signal generator 26 may be disconnected therefrom and the circuitry may be left in the open position. With solenoid 28 de-energized, spring 36 will maintain nub wheel '20 out of contact with the feed roller and yarn 11 may be removed from pin 24 and returned to the conventional draw path A shown in FIG- URE 1. It will be seen therefore that this invention may be added to existing draw twist or draw winding equipment without modification thereto and, furthermore, may be activated or de-activated without difliculty.
  • arm 21 may be shifted past a dead center position between spring 23 and pivot 22 to use the spring for locking wheel 20 in a completely inactivated and inoperative position, should it be desired to discontinue operation of one point while permitting operation of other points through rotation of the signal generator 26.
  • a single source of power 30 may be used for operating a plurality of solenoids 28, as represented by the additional coil 38 mounted parallel to the solenoid 28 in FIGURE 2. As a matter of interest, there are normally about 72 separate positions on each side of a standard draw twisting machine. Accordingly, a single generator could be used for the entire 144 positions, or one generator per group of positions coud be used if desired.
  • signal generators other than the pin wheel 26 could be used.
  • the solenoid means could inactivate the variable denier equipment and the spring means could activate the same, rather than the converse operation illustrated.
  • a separate signal generator could be provided for each braking dev1ce.
  • the wheel 20 could be braked constantly with the feed roller intermittently overcoming the braking action, or the brake could be applied to selected portions of the wheel when the same is out of contact with the feed roller, if further random occurrence were desired. It is preferred, however, that the brake be used for moving wheel 20 out of contact with the feed roller and for simultaneously locking the wheel against rotation, as described hereinabove.
  • Multiand mono-filament yarns produced with the mechanism of this invention have been found to have utility in an unlimited variety of end products varying from upholstery and drapery material to taffeta and other dress goods.
  • the desired properties of this material are found to exist when the same is woven, when knitted, or when textured. While a change in filament size of course occurs by superimposing secondary draw onto selected portions of previously drawn yarn, a more important result has been found to reside in the different dyeing afiinity of these sections. Accordingly, a novelty fabric may he produced because of darker dyeing in the more elongated sections of yarn even though the difference in size or diameter might not be noticeable to the naked eye.
  • the amount of draw imposed by nub wheel 20 may be varied by the duration of each cycle (i.e., by the amount of time solenoid 28 is energized), by the distance of pin 24 from the center of wheel 20, by the diameter of the wheel 20, by the speed of rotation of signal generator 26, by the frequency of occurrence of pins 37 thereon, and by various other means. It has been found, however, that the most desirable results-01" the least occurrence of a pattern effect in fabricis produced if the wheel 20 is permitted to rotate approximately one revolution per cycle or per operation of solenoid 28. If significantly more than one rotation occurs, it will be seen that the wheel 20 will operate similar to the heretofore known devices such as shown in aforesaid Patent No.
  • Apparatus for producing variable denier yarn comcomprising a nub wheel having a pin extending outwardly therefrom for engaging yarn and for lengthening the path of travel to elongate the yarn, and means for alternately driving and braking said nub wheel.
  • Apparatus for producing variable denier yarn comprising a driven feed roller for supplying yarn along a normal path of travel, a nub wheel driven by said feed roller and having a pin thereon for drawing yarn laterally out of said normal path of travel, and means for intermittently braking said nub wheel against rotation.
  • Apparatus for producing thick-and-thin yarn comprising a drive roller, a freely rotatable nub wheel having a pin extending outwardly therefrom for engaging yarn urged into contact with an rotated by said drive roller, and means for randomly shifting said nu-b wheel into and out of contact with said drive roller and for braking said nub wheel against rotation when not in contact with the drive roller.
  • Apparatus for producing nubby yarn comprising a nub wheel having a pin extending outwardly therefrom for engaging yarn, means for imparting rotation to said nub wheel at random intervals, and means for simultaneously preventing rotation of said nub wheel while disengaging the same from said rotation imparting means.
  • Apparatus for producing variable denier yarn comprising a friction driven wheel having a pin extending outwardly therefrom for engaging yarn, and means for intermittently driving said wheel to shift yarn engaged by said pin laterally out of a normal path of travel and for extending said yarn longitudinally.
  • Apparatus for producing thick-and-thin yarn comprising means for supplying yarn along a rectilinear path, means for imparting a primary longitudinal elongation to yarn supplied along said rectilinear path, a nub wheel rotated periodically by said yarn supply means, said nub wheel having a guide pin extending therefrom for engaging said yarn and for shifting the same laterally toward and away from said path during rotation of said nub wheel to superimpose in said yarn a secondary longitudinal elongation on said primary longitudinal elongation and thereby produce a thick-and-thin effect, and means for randomly discontinuing rotation of said nub wheel.
  • Apparatus for producing a variable denier yarn comprising a feed roller for supplying yarn along a rectilinear path, a draw godet for imparting a primary elongation to said yarn during passage along said rectilinear path, a freely rotatable nub wheel supported alongside said feed roller and adapted for movement into and out of contact therewith for periodic rotation thereby, said nub wheel having a guide pin extending outwardly therefrom for engaging said yarn and for shifting the same toward and away from said rectilinear path during rotation of said nub wheel to impart a secondary elongation thereto, a brake mechanism mounted adjacent said nub wheel, said brake mechanism being urged into contact with said nub wheel for shifting the same out of contact with said feed roller and for preventing rotation of the nub wheel, and means for intermittently activating and inactivating said brake mechanism to release said nub wheel for engagement with and for rotation by said feed roller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US444283A 1965-03-31 1965-03-31 Apparatus for treating yarn Expired - Lifetime US3319411A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US444283A US3319411A (en) 1965-03-31 1965-03-31 Apparatus for treating yarn
NL6603925A NL6603925A (OSRAM) 1965-03-31 1966-03-25

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3871205A (en) * 1971-08-04 1975-03-18 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for length stabilization of a cable

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2004139A (en) * 1931-01-01 1935-06-11 Celanese Corp Textile material and process for its production
US2038722A (en) * 1928-09-13 1936-04-28 Celanese Corp Production of textile materials
US2064279A (en) * 1931-01-01 1936-12-15 Celanese Corp Artificial textile material
US2272666A (en) * 1937-10-23 1942-02-10 Du Pont Process of dry spinning artificial thread
US2278888A (en) * 1938-11-02 1942-04-07 Du Pont Artificial structure and process for producing same
FR1173970A (fr) * 1956-03-02 1959-03-04 Deering Milliken Res Corp Dispositif de production d'un fil composite
US3105349A (en) * 1954-05-28 1963-10-01 Celanese Corp Method and apparatus for producing novelty yarn

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2038722A (en) * 1928-09-13 1936-04-28 Celanese Corp Production of textile materials
US2004139A (en) * 1931-01-01 1935-06-11 Celanese Corp Textile material and process for its production
US2064279A (en) * 1931-01-01 1936-12-15 Celanese Corp Artificial textile material
US2272666A (en) * 1937-10-23 1942-02-10 Du Pont Process of dry spinning artificial thread
US2278888A (en) * 1938-11-02 1942-04-07 Du Pont Artificial structure and process for producing same
US3105349A (en) * 1954-05-28 1963-10-01 Celanese Corp Method and apparatus for producing novelty yarn
FR1173970A (fr) * 1956-03-02 1959-03-04 Deering Milliken Res Corp Dispositif de production d'un fil composite

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3871205A (en) * 1971-08-04 1975-03-18 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for length stabilization of a cable

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Publication number Publication date
NL6603925A (OSRAM) 1966-06-27

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