US331885A

US331885A - Cultivator

Info

Publication number: US331885A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1885-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 1902-12-08

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1..

0. 0. HUNTER.

OULTIVATOR. No. 331,885. Patented Dec. 8, 1885.

1/68 .Attorneys 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

0. G. HUNTER.

GULTIVATOR.

No. 331,885. Patented Dec. 8, 1885.

llllNlllIll N. PETERS. Phmmho r bm wamn wn. ac.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. C G. HUNTER.

GULTIVATOR.

No. 331,885. Patented Dec. 8, 1885.

II/IIIIIIII WITNESSES 1.7V VEJV TOR m ttorueys UNITED STATES PATENT CrricE.

CHRISTOPHER C. HUNTER, OF CONCORDIA, KANSAS.

CULTIVATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 331,885, dated December 8, 1885 Application filed July 3, 1885. Serial No. 170,618.

To alt whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHRISTOPHER C. HUNTER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Concordia, in the county of Cloud and State of Kansas, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cultivators, of which the followingisaspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to a combined seeddrill and cultivator, designed more particularly for use by those engaged in light marketgardening, and it has for its object to provide a machine of this character which may be employed to plow or prepare the land, plant the seed, and cultivate the growing corps by a simple change in the system of garden tools or implements.

With this end in view the said invention consists in certain details of construction and combination of parts, as will be hereinafter set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective of the machine when adjusted to form a seed-drill. Fig. 2 is a plan view showing it adjusted to one form of cultivator. Fig. 3 is a plan View showing another form of cultivator, a series of independently-adjustable shovel-plows being employed. Fig. 4 is a detached view of the slotted beam, illustrating the attachment of two sections of a harrow. Fig. 5 is a similar view,with a scalpinghoe attached. Fig. 6 isa detail view of a small breaking-plow, with a bolt and not attached so as to be capable of application to my ma chine. Fig.7 is a longitudinal section taken centrally through the seeddrum. Fig. 8 is a transverse section through Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a front elevation of the seed-drum. Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section of the machine shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 11 is an enlarged side elevation of the seed-drum, showing more clearly the operation of the coiled spring,which acts as a brake.

Like letters are used to indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

Referring to the drawings, (especially to Figs. 1, 7, and 8,) A designates the drivingwheel, provided on oneside with a band-wheel, B, and having a central shaft, C, projecting outward from each side, the;ends of this shaft being threaded.

(No model.)

D designates the longitudinal slotted beam, having its cnds reduced to form journals a, the extreme ends of which are threaded to re- 5 ceive nuts on. Diagonal braces E E receive the journals a of the beam D, and have their upper ends fitted over the extended ends of the shaft C. Handles F (two in number) have their lower ends provided with metallic ferrules or caps G, which are transversely perforated to receive the ends of the shaft C, nuts D screwing over the threaded ends of the shaft C, and serving to bind the caps Gand the diagonal braces E in proper position. Vertical 6 brace-rods H are connected attheir lower ends to the diagonal braces E, and are provided at their upper ends with a series of perforations, c. Bolts I are secured to and project outward from the handles F, and are adapted to enter any one of the perforations c of the brace-rods H, nuts cl being employed to bind the parts in their adjusted position. It will thus be seen that the beam D, to which the implements are attached,will be securely braced, so as to withstand the strain brought upon it, and may be adjusted vertically by means of the brace-rods H. The brace-rods H provide a connection between the handles and the diagonal braces. E, and since the latter connect with the beam D, to which the garden-tools are attached, it will be seen that the operator has direct control over the machine and can regulate the operation with greater ease. A transverse brace-rod, J connects each of the handles at an intermediate point of their length, so as to keep them from separating. At the outer ends of the handles are attached rings K,which are adapted to be engaged by suitable snaphooks, 6, provided on the ends of a flexible band, L. This band is passed across the back or over the shoulders of the operator, so as to ease the action of the machine.

M designates a seed-drill tube, provided at its lower end with a shovel blade or point, N, and having at its upper end a detachable clamp, O, to the ends of which are fitted two vertical supporting-standards, P. A drum, Q, is provided with journals f, which are received in slots 9 of the standards P, said journals being threaded for the reception of suit able nuts, 71. A guard, R, preferably semi- V circular in shape, is provided with a depending tube, 1', which is fitted or received within the upper end of the seed-drill tube M. This I guard incloses a'portion of the drum at its center, so as to catch the seed dropped from the drum and deliver it to the seed-drill tube. To prevent the seed dropped from the drum from scattering over the side of the guard, the latter is made also semicircular in cross-section, as shown in Fig. 8. In attaching the seed-drill tube to the slotted beam D, the lat ter is turned so as to stand in a vertical position. A clip, S, is passed around the seeddrill tube, and has its threaded ends inserted within the slot of the beam D, nutsjj working over the threaded ends and binding against the beam D and holding the seed-drill tube in place. A covering-roller, T, is journaled in a U-shaped frame, It, the front end of which is bent upwardly at right angles, as at Z, the inner face of this extension Z being concaved to fit the outer face of the seed-drill tube M. Before the tube is fitted in place the extension Z is inserted between the clip S and the tube M, and thereby the roller T will be clamped against the rear face of the tube. It will be observed that the shovel point or blade N on the end of the seed-drill tube will be caused to open the furrow to receive the seed dropped through the tube, and as the roller T follows in rear of the seed-tube this .roller will be caused to cover the seed with loose earth in the manner well known.

The drum Q comprises two semicircular sections, at m, the meeting inner ends of the sections being flanged outwardly at n and provided with circular rims 0. The rim 0 of the section an is provided at suitable intervals with diamond-shaped slots p,which are adapted to register with correspondingly shaped slots 1), provided on the rim 0 of the other section, m. Slots (1 are provided in the flanges a of the section at to receive screws r, the ends of which work against the flanges a of the other section, m. It will be observed that the rims 0 of the two sections at m overlap each other, and ordinarily the slots 1) of each rim register, and in this arrangement the 1naximum quantity of seed will be dropped.

\Vhen it is desired to decrease the quantity of seed dropped from the drum, the rim 0 0f the section on is shifted or turned over the other rim slightly, so as to throw its slots 1) out ofline with the slot 1) of the other section, an. The screws 1' are then turned to hold or clamp the sections in their adjustment. It will be observed that the rim 0 of the section m works against the flange a of the other sec.- tion, m, and thus the rim is guided and held. from moving out of place.

To adjust the drum, it is always necessary to loosen the screws 1" before the sections can be shifted to decrease the quantity of seed, as stated. To the rim 0 of the section on are secured cups 8, triangular in cross-section, said cups depending in an inclined line from the inner face of the rim 0 and registering at their outer ends with the slots p. These cups have one side left open, as at t, to catch the seed within'the drum, and since the cups are set onan incline the seed-will be caused to pass outward through the slots 1) and down into the guard R, as before described. An opening is provided in the section an and is closed by asliding cover, 25, the latter being removed when it is desired to refill the drum. An inclined annular flange is provided on the section in to receive a band or chain, U, which connects with the band-wheel B on the drivewheel A, and by this connection the drum will be caused to revolve as the drive-wheel is turned, the revolving action of the drum agitating the seed within it, the seed-cups s catching the seed and delivering it through the slots to the guard It, from whence it passes downward through the seed-drill tube M into the furrow. To one of the standards P is secured one end of a flat spring, T, which is wound around an annular flange, a, pro-- vided on the section m of the drum. The free end of this spring is perforated to receive one end of an operating-cord, U, the latter being connected to ahandle, V, pivoted to a swinging bracket, 7, j ournaled to one of the handles F. The bracket WV swings in'a horizontal plane, and since the handle is pivoted to this bracket the handle will have both a vertical and horizontal movement. When the handle is swung upward, the cord draws the spring T around the flange a of the drum, this action causing the speed of the drum to decrease. lVhen the handle is swung down, the tension on the cord is released and the drum will be allowed to rotate.

It will be observed that the spring T is always coiled around the flange u of the drum, so that the moment the handle V is operated the spring is caused to bind against the flange a, and thus check the rotation of the drum.

\Vhen in normal position, the handle V should be swung down so as to keep the spring T in its loose state, and allow the free rotation of the drum. By providing the swinging bracket XV with the pivoted handle V, two independent movements are comb ned,which willserve to check the rotation of the drum instantaneously. The swinging movement first draws the spring around the flange a, while the pivoted action of the handle holds the swinging bracket from returning to its former position, thus retaining the spring T in its contracted state.

In Fig. 2 the machine is shown adjusted to form a cultivator, the seed-drill tube and its attachments being separated from the machine. The cultivator-bars A are provided withdiagonally-arranged teeth w, and these bars are adj ustably attached by suitable bolts and nuts to the slot of the beam D. Two cultivator-- sections are provided, one at each end of the beam D,and by means of the bolt-and-nut connection with the latter the said cultivatorsections may be adjusted at any angle desired.

When the machine is adjusted from a seeddrill to a cultivator, the beam D is placed or turned to a horizontal position, as shown. By

the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 the cultivator-sections extendin inclined directions from eachjendjof the beam D, and rearwardly from the same, the inclination being regulated as desired by the bolt-and-nut connection.

In Fig. 3 is shown another form of cultivator, in which I employ a series of independently-adjustable shovel plows. The plows at each end of the beam D are larger than those at the center, as shown, this construction being found advantageous in use. It will be seen that each of the plows may be adjusted along the slot of the beam D by the bolt-andnut connection, to accommodate the machine to the various circumstances.

In Fig. 4. is shown a portion of the slotted beam D, with two sections of a harrow adjustably connected thereto. Each section of the harrow is independently adjustable in a longitudinal line, so that the distance between the sameflmay be regulated as desired.

In Fig. 5 I have shown what is termed a scalping-hoe, attached to the slotted beam and adjustable thereon; and in Fig. 6 a small breakingplow is provided with the necessary attachments to connect with the slotted beam D. It will thus be seen that I am enabled to convert the machine from a seed-drill, and employ it to plow, barrow, or cultivate the ground, as desired by the owner. No radical change is made in the machine, since all that is necessary to do is to change theimplements which are attached to the slotted beam D.

I lay no claim of novelty to the construction of the shovel-plow, the ha-rrow, or the peculiar construction of the cultivator attachment; but what I do claim is the peculiar arrangement by which I am enabled to attach these several devices to a single machine and detach them therefrom when the owner desires to use the machine for another purpose. The ad justment and attachment of the parts are effected with ease and readiness, and requires no waste of time to effect it, all that is necessary being to loosen the bolt-an'd-nnt connection.

My machine places in the hands of those engaged in the nursery trade,or in light market gardening, a machine thatis capable of doing all the work that was formerlyperformed with small handhocs. It will plow, harrow, and prepare the land, sow the seed and cultivate the growing crops, thus providing a machine which will perform all the work in the garden that is necessary to do during the year.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. The seed-drum with the flanged rim, in combination with the spring coiled around the rim, and connecting devices to draw the spring tight or loosen it as desired, as set forth.

2. The seed-drum provided with the external flange, in combination with the spring coiled around the flange, a cord or chain connected with the spring, and a handle operating the cord or chain to increase or decrease the tension on the spring, as set forth.

3. The slotted journaled beam, arranged to rest horizontally in attaching the cultivator or plow, and extend vertically when applying the seed-drill, as set forth. I

4. The drive-wheels, in combination with the handles connected to the same, and the slotted journaled beam connected to the handles, the garden tools or implements being adjustable on the beam. as set forth.

5. The d rive-whcel having the bandpulley or chain-wheel, in combination with the seeddrill supported in rear thereof, a band or chain connecting the pulley or wheel withjtheseeddrill, and a spring coiled around a portion of the drum and arranged to bebrought in"contact therewith to check the rotation of the drum, as set forth.

6. The drivewheel, in combination with the handles. the diagonal braces E, the vertical braces H, and the slotted beam D, journaled in the diagonal braces, and to which the garden tocls or implements are attached, for the purpose set forth.

7. The drivewheel provided with the central shaft, in combination with the handles connected to the shaft, the diagonal braces,

also connected to the shaft, and the slotted beam jcurnaled in the diagonal braces, and to which the garden tools or implements are attached, as set forth.

8. The slotted beam, in combination with the drill-tube,a clip for connecting the latter to the beam, a wheel or roller connected to the tube by the clip, a guard mounted in the upper end of the tube and having communication there with, the suppciting-standards, and the drum mounted in the same, for the purpose set forth.

9. The beam, in combination with the drilltube attached thereto, supporting-standards provided at the upper end ofthe tube, the seeddrum mounted in the standards, and a guard comm nnicating with the discharge-openings of the drum and arranged to deliver the seed to the tube, as set forth.

10. The beam, in combination with the drilltube attached thereto, supporting-standards provided at the upper end of the tube, and the seed-drum mounted in the standards, as set forth.

11. The slotted beam, in combination with the drill-tube, a clip encircling the same and having its ends passing through the slot of the beam and provided with binding-nuts, and a roller having its supporting-frame clamped by the said clip to the rear face of the drilltube, as set forth.

12. The seed-drum provided with a flange, in combination with the spring coiled around the flange, a cord connected with the spring, a handle connected with the cord, and a swinging bracket, to which the handle is pivoted, for the purpose set forth.

13. The seeddrum comprising two sections having overlapping rims 0, which are slot-ted, the slots of one section registering with the slots of the adjacent section, flanges it, pro vided on the two sections on each side of the overlapping rims, and screws connecting the flanges of each section, for the purpose set forth.

14. The seed-drum provided with discharge openings or slots, and inclined seed-cups secured on the inner face'of the drum around the openings or slots, one side of the cups being open for the entrance of the seed, and the inclined rear side of the cups coming directly on a line with the openings in the drum, as set forth.

15. The revolving seed-drum, in combination with a spring wound or coiled around a portion of the drum, said spring being normally in a loose state, and connecting devices for drawing the spring tight as desired, for the purpose set forth.