US331731A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

(NQ ModeL) 2 SheetsSheet 1. J. A. PRICE.

FURNACE.

Patented Dec. 1, 1885.;

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2 SheetS- Sheet. 2. J. A. PRICE.

(No Model.)

FURNACE.

No. 331,731. Patented Dec. 1, 1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @rrr cr.

JOHN A. PRICE, OF SGRAXTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE.

SPECZFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 331,731, dated December 1, 1885.

Application filed July 15, 1884. Serial No. 137,756. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN A. Peron, of Scranton, in the county of Lackawanna and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and to the figures and letters of reference marked thereon.

My present invention relates more particularly to that class of furnaces in which Cllllll or fine coal is burned, and has for its object to increase the efficiency and durability of such furnaces. In the burning of culm it has become the almost universal practice to force a blast of combined air and steam into the ashpit of the furnace, and thence up through the fire-bed, by means of a steam-injecting nozzle or blower arranged within a suitable pipe or airway leading into the ash-pit in such a manner as to cause the steam projected from it to draw in and convey forward to the ash-pit a quantity of air for supporting combustion.

Though various forms of steam-blowers have been employed, it has seemed impossible to avoid the use of too great a quantity of steam for the volume of air drawn in with it, and the result has been an imperfect or only partial decomposition of the steam by the fire, owing to an insufficient supply of oxygen furnished by the air, the undecomposed watery element escaping with the carbonic acid and sulphur from the fire causing the rapid destruction of the stacks, if made of iron, and the formation of what are called sulphide deposits in the chimneys and fiues.

The highly beneficial effect of aproper quantity of steam in a culm-fire being well known to me, the problem has been how to secure the presence of such proper quantity, and at the same time a supply of air sufficient to insure the thorough decomposition of it. After practical tests I have found that by causing steam under ordinary pressure to escape into or through the fire-bed, and by forcing independently of the steam so injectedalarge volume of air into or through the fire-bed by an independent fan-blower or other mechanical contrivance the desired result can be satisfactorily accomplished. My invention there fore has for its object to provide certain devices for overcoming the above objections incident to the burning of culm; and it consists in certain details of construction and combinations of parts involved in the structure of the furnace, all which will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figurel represents a\ top plan view of afurnace constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2, a vertical section of the same, taken on the line m m, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is asimilar view taken on the line 3/ 3/, Fig. 1. Figs. 4-and 5 are sectional views of different forms of the partition between the pairs of grate-sections. Fig. 6 is an edge view, and Fig. 7 a side view, of one of the fire-supporting arms or collars of the grate-sections.

Similar letters of reference in the several figures indicate like parts.

The letter A. indicates the wall of the furnace; B B B B the sections of which the grate is composed. Each of these sections consists of a hollow shaft, 1), having its bearings in the walls of the furnace, and provided with numerous small perforations, b, and having mounted upon it a series of fire-supporting arms or collars, b each constructed, as shown in Figs. 6, 7that is to say, with three fire-supporting surfaces, 12 b F, a central perforation having the corrugations b, and the recess 1) for accommodating a rib, a, on the shaft and the spacing-lugs b on its sides. These grate-sections are arranged in pairs, and the shafts of each pair are provided with suitable gears, G O, meshing into each other so that both shafts will turn simultaneously when motion is imparted to either of them. One of the shafts of each pair is preferably extended through the wall of the furnace, and is provided with a squared portion, (1, for the application of a suitable turninghandle.

E represents a steanrpipe, preferably hinged or jointed at e to a pipe, F, conducted to the furnace-boiler or any other convenient source of steam-supply. This hinged pipe E is provided with a series of lateral nozzles, 6 which, when the said pipe is swung around, are adapted to enter and fit snugly within the open ends of the shafts b of the grate-sections, as shown in Fig. l. The pipe F is provided with a suitable valve, f, for controlling the supply of steam. Leading into the ash-pit S I of the furnace is a large air-pipe, G,. connected to a suitable fan-blower or other ordinary air-forcing contrivance. (Not shown.)

At each end of the fire-chamber of the furnace a tier of pipes, H, is arranged. These pipes are connected together by manifolds I at their ends, as shown in Fig. 3, and are in communication with the upper and lower parts of the furnace-boiler through the outlet and inlet pipes J K. Between the pairs of grate-sections a traverse bar, M, is arranged and this bar supports a partition, N, consisting of a series of pipes, 0, arranged as shown in Fig. 4, or in Fig. 5, and also connected at their ends by manifolds, that are in turn connected to the boiler. The pipes H, as well as the pipes O, are each provided with numerous studs or pins, 12, which are preferably screwed into them, so as to project both inside and outside, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. These pins by their contact with the fire become very hot, and serve to greatly increase the heating capacity of the pipes. They are preferably arranged so that the pins of one pipe will serve to support and properly space the pipe or pipes next above, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

When the furnace is in operation, the firebed is covered with culm, the central partition, N, between the pairs of grate-sections serving to trough the fire, thus affording a greater amount of fire-surface and preventing the crusting and caking of the fire between the grate sections. So far as the function of troughing the fire is concerned any other form of partition between the pairs of grate-sections would serve equally as well. The steam discharged through the perforations in the grateshafts passes unimpeded between the spacing lugs on the arms or collars, and thence into and through the firebed, while a large volume of air is at the same time forced into the ash-pit under pressure and passes up through the fire-bed, thus supplying the requisite amount of oxygen to the fire, and by effecting the complete decomposition of the steam preventing, to a great extent, the formation of the sulphide deposits hereinbefore alluded to. The supply of steam can be regulated at pleasure by the attendant.

When it is desired to rake the fire, it is accomplished by turning the grate-sections, so as to present a new supporting-surface, the operation of turning causing the lower portion of the material on the grate to be cut out and dumped into the ash-pit below. This may be done with the steam off or not, as desired.

Instead of connecting the several tiers of water-pipes to the furnace-boiler and taking the steam for combustion purposes from the latter, said pipes may all be connected and used as a generator for supplying such steam.

Having thus described my invention, Iclaim as new- 1. The combination, with the hollow shaft, perforated as shown, and fire-supporting rims or collars mounted thereon, of means for blowing air into the ash-pit up through the grate and firebed, and means for blowingsteam into the fire-bed through the hollow shaft, substantially as described.

2. In a furnace, grate-sections composed of the hollow perforated shafts and the fire-sup porting arms or collars mounted upon said, shafts, said arms or collars having their spacing-lugs so arranged as to permitthe free outward passage of steam from the jetperforations in the shafts, substantially as described.

3. The combination,with the hollow revolv- 8o ing shafts having the ribs,of the fire-supporting arms or collars having the corrugations around their central perforations and recesses for accommodating the rib on the shaft, whereby both the sections and shaft are prevented from warping.

4. The fire-supporting arms or collars provided with the spacing-lugs having the openings between them, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the hollow perforated shafts of the revolving grate-sections, of the steam-pipe having the nozzles fitting tight- 1y within the ends of said grateshafts, substantially as described.

6. The combination, of the pairs of grate 5 sections and the partition separating the same, whereby the fire is troughed, substantially as described.

J A. PRICE. Witnesses:

A. S. STEWART, CHAS. It. BURR.

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