US331580A - Machine for making tubes from hollow ingots - Google Patents

Description

4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Q (N0 ModeL) S. P. M. TASKER.

MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBES FROM HOLLOW INGOTS.

I No. 331.580.

Patented Dec. 1, 1885.

INVENTOR W WITNESSES:

(No ModeL) 4 SheetsSheet 2. S. P. M. TASKER.

MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBES FROM HOLLOW INGOTS. No. 331,580. Patented Dec. 1, 1885.

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S. P. M. TASKER.

MAGHII IE FOR MAKING TUBES PROM HOLLOW INGOTS. N0.l381,580. Patented Dec. 1,1885.

WITNESSES: 5' MENTOR N PETERS. Pllolwliflmgmphcn washin um, I10v (No Model.) 1 4 Sheets Sheet 4. S. P. M. TASKER.

MACHINE FOR MAKINGTUBES FROM HOLLOW INGOTS. 110.331.1380. Patented Dec. 1,1885.

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WITNESSES:

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UNITE STATES PATENT OFFTCEQ STEPHEN P. M. TASKER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR MAKING TUBES FROM HOLLOW INGOTS.

EJPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 831,580, dated December 1, 1885.

Application filed July 22, 1885. Serial No. 172,278. (No model) To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, STEPHEN P. M. TASKER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Machines for Making Tubes-from Hollow Metal Ingots and for Reducing Tubes or Rods, of which the following is a specification.

Apart from the intended employment of my machine for reducing and also for straightening tubes and rods, the object of my invention is the manufacture of a tube from a hollow cylindriform metal ingot by rolling, either hot or cold, by means of the machine hereinafter described, the said ingot down and out upon a mandrel at least of the required length of the tube to be formed, thereby compacting and consolidating the substance of the metal of the ingot, thinning or reducing the latter, in thickness, and elongating it until the required proportions are attained. The ingots which I employ are tubular or of a hollow cylindriform structure, of any metal, and either open at both ends, closed at one end, or closed at one end and provided through such closed end with an aperture for the traction-rod of a mandrel.

As my machine is of especial applicability to the making of steel tubes, I contemplate also the employment of a steel cast ingot of a character invented by me, two applications for patents for which were filed in the United States Patent Office upon the 14th day of May, 1885, and respectively numbered 165,695 and 165,696.

Heretofore in the art of metal rolling two or more pairs or sets of equal-sized concave faced rolls, the two rolls constituting the respective sets or pairs of which, being placed the one over the other, have crossed each other-that is to say, have been adjusted in such manner that vertical planes respectively projected from their respective longitudinal axes have intersected each other at other than a right angle-have been in successive disposition in the same machine employed for rounding, straightening, and sizing tubes and rods, the said tubes or rods having been passed through the passes of the successive sets in a direction which may, for the purposes of explanation, be described as rightangular to a common imaginary longitudinal axis of each pair of rolls, or in a direction much more nearly right-angular to than parallel with the longitudinal axis of each individual roll of each pair. art of metal rolling two or three equal-sized Heretofore, also, in the planes, and each and all at an angle to the said common longitudinal axis, which is that of the article to be rolled, the said article having been introduced through a pass extending longitudinally between or through, so to speak, the rolls, (which pass, as is well known, is an extended straight bearing obtainedbetween the roll-faces in a line bisect ing the angle of inclination of the rolls,) and the said machine as such having been employed for rolling, finishing,reducing,straightening, and smoothing rods,tubes, sl1afting,and other cylindrical or tubular articles,which re ceive a spiral or combined rotary and progressive movement from the rolls, which all revolve in the same direction, and not only form the article to a true cylindrical shape, but at the same time feed it forward.

Assuming a set of rolls of the character last above described as a given type, I may assume a set of rolls of the character first above described as another given type, and may define the distinguishing characteristics of the two types to be the direction inwhich the article to be rolled is passed through the set of rolls-that is to say, whether it be passed through them in a direction right angular to what we may term their common axis, as in ICO a set'of concave-faced rolls composed of a series of three or more rolls arranged at an angle to each other, and each roll at a common angle'to its neighbor, so that the concave surfaces of all of the rolls form a circular pass, and in passing over the surface of the tube or rod hug it like a swage and touch it at every part, and all of which rolls are positively revolved in opposite directions.

In employing the foregoing machine for making tubes from ingots, a mandrel adapted to be rotated with the ingot upon it, and at least of the required length of the tubeto be formed from said ingot, is passed through the pass of the set in a direction right angular to their common face plane or-axis, as I for convenience term it, upon which mandrel the substance of the metal of the ingot is by the rolls compacted and consolidated, and the ingotitselfthiimed or reduced in thickness and elongated until the required proportions are attained. A rod or tube to be reduced or straightened is also passedthrough in a similar direction.

Apparatus embodying a good form of my invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, and described in this specification,

' the'particular subject-matter claimed as novel being hereinafter definitely specified.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a face elevational end view of a set of rolls embodying my invention, and composed of a series of three similarly-inclined overlapping rolls' of the character hereinafter described, sight being taken in a direction right angular to the common face plane or axis of the set.

' The view is in the nature of a fragmentary de tail, but part of two of the rolls being shown. The view also represents in section (not, however, to exactly correct proportions. and curvatures) the two opposite segmental framingplates in connection with which the roll,which is shown completed, is housed, together with boxings for the journals of the said roll and an adjusting-arm connected with one of said boxings. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of an apparatus embodying my invention, and com 1 posed of a set of rolls composed of a series of three rolls of the character represented in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a central vertical longitudinal sidesectional elevation through the apparatus of Fig. 2, one of the rolls, however, not being shown in section. Fig. 4.- is a perspective view of the set of rolls represented in Figs. 2 and 3, sight being, however, taken from the opposite side from that from which sight in Fig. 2 is taken. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary partiallysectional partially-elevational, detail of a rotatable mandrel which I find it convenient to employ when employing my machine for making tubes from hollow metal. ingots.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, A represents any suitable bed or foundation for supporting the housings within which the rolls are journaled.

'T-is'a tube, the direction of movement of which is represented by the arrow inthe drawings.

In the drawings no representation is made of any means for handling, or, if desired, for occasioning the advance or retraction of the tube, for the reason that I assume such representation to be unnecessary, as any device for manipulating the tube into the pass of the rolls is adapted for employment. Some such device is, however, to be employed. I

B B are transverse vertical standards. between which are disposed frame-plates O, for supporting the boxings or bearings or the journals or axles of the rolls, and which in the region of their support of said bearings or journals'are conveniently eurved,'so as to be of suitable segmental form to facilitate a movement of the boxings or journals of the rolls for the adjustment of said rolls. In the form of apparatus shown, in which there are threerolls to the set, there are conveniently six I frame-plates between the standards, the frameplates and standards together constituting simply a framing for the support of the rolls. The rolls of the set are marked D, and more spectively inclined at an angle to each other, (it bei-ngQpreferable that the angle should be as slight as possible,) so that the axis of each roll is inclined with respect to the axis of the adjoining rolls, and the axis of each roll possesses an, inclination corresponding to that of the axis of every other roll. The rolls, there fore, may be said to similarly overlap. Their relative positions, from which there can be no departure except by mutual adjustment, are fullyrepresented in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

The journaling or mounting of the rolls and the means for adjusting them are as follows: Each roll is, as stated, concave as to its central portion or acting face, to which face or portion the letters D are in Fig. 1 shown applied. Each roll is on each end, beyond its central portion, prolonged, and the prolongations, together constituting shafts of the roll, are composed of conical portions (1 and cylindrical portions d Beyond the said cylindrical portions each roll is provided with journals or .axles d*, all as clearl-yrepresented in said Fig.

1. The journals are conveniently incased in boxingsF',w,-hich are mounted so as to have a movement in slots or ways G, formed in the frame-plates of the housing. If desired, the boxingscan be dispensed with, and the journals be simply entered within said slots. I prefer, however, to employ boxings. The curvature of the segmental portions of the frame-plates is similar as toall the plates, and struck from a radius equal to onehalf of the length of each roll, so that the length of each roll between its frame-plates is conveniently equal to a, diametricline between two opposite frame:plates,which support a given roll. The rolls are so mounted that their conical por tions, respectively face as represented in Fig. 1.

In order conveniently to effectuate the-movement of the-rolls, so as to slightly alter their relative angular disposition, and thereby en- IIO large or contract the diametric extent of the pass formed between them, I have connected with each boxing, or with the axle of the rolls, an adj usting-arm, H, which is conveniently passed through a slotted flange, I, erected from or connected with a frame-plate, the said arm being threaded and provided with lock-nuts 1', whereby the arm, and consequently the boxings and the journals of the rolls, can be locked in predetermined adjusted positions.

In the drawings, for clearness of illustration, I have represented the adjusting-arms as applied to but one end of each roll. It is, however, to be understood that they are applied to each journal or boxing of each end of each roll. By virtue of the slots or ways in the said metal frame-plates and the adj usting-arms the movement of the rolls of each set for increasing or diminishing the diameters of their passes becomes both certain and easy. The slots or ways in opposite frame-plates are disposed at a slight angle to each other, so as to facilitate the movements of the rolls in adjustment.

Asuitable arrangement or disposition of the frame-plates and the slots therein is represented in the drawings.

The slots or ways for the journals of the rolls and the nut-provided adjusting-arms connected with the axle-boxings in said ways.

together constitute simply a composite rolladjusting contrivance, the office of which is to permit of and render easy the adjustment of the rolls at different relative angles, so that the rolls may approach more closely together or separate, so as to increase or diminish the.

diametric extent of the pass between them,

and adapt them for employment with tubes or be operated upon.

rods of varying diameters. Any other adj usting device operating to a similar result may, 40

however, be substituted in the stead of the foregoing. When axle boxings are not employed, means for retaining the journals of the rolls in fixed positions must be applied direct to the journals. e

As a gearing to occasion the positive driving of each of the rollsin opposite directions, 1 have provided the following contrivance, which is perhaps as well adapted to the pur- :pose as any other, although other means of wheels M, corresponding in number with the number of the rolls, and fixedly mounted upon similar projecting extremities ofthe roll-journals, as will be clearly understood by areference to the drawings. The crown-teeth -of the composite spur and crown wheels and the teeth of the crown-wheels on the rolls are of proper inclination and of such depth as to permit of a given adjustment of the rolls without causing the disengagement of the said teeth. The composite spur and crown wheels are axially apertured and mounted upon tubular bearings N, supported from the standards.

The tube passes through these bearings in its passage through the machine, and is conveniently directed in its passage by bell-mouths.

O, or other guides applied to the standards.

As will be readily understood, when motion is imparted to the driving shaft motion is imparted to the composite spur and crown wheels, and thereby motion in opposite di rections is also imparted to all of the crownwheels, so as to occasion the revolution of all of the rolls in opposite directions, with the result that the tube, rod, or other article being passed through the rolls is rapidly and evenly reduced, the whole rolling-surface of.

each roll bearing upon the said tube, touching it at every part, rolling out inequalities and causing it to take on a spiral progressive motion in its passagethrough the machine.

. When my machine is employed for making tubes, by using in connection with it a mandrel, P, at least ,as long as the tube to be formed the said mandrel is conveniently; adapted to be rotated by being swiveled in amandrel-head, Q, Fig. 5, which is actuated to its advance or retraction by any such means as are well known to ironmasters.

Having now described what I believe to be a convenient embodiment of my invention, and at the same time described the opera tion of the machine, it is proper-for me to add. that I believe myself to be firstto use a man-,

drel capable of rotation about its longitudinal axis and of the length of the tube which is to.

be produced, in conjunction with aset of three or more correspondingly angularly-disposedor overlapping and positively-driven concavefaced rolls, by which arrangement it is possible to reduce the external diameter of an ingot placed upon the mandrel, and, if desired,

feet a continued reduction until said .ingot becomes a tube of the desired thickness of subthe same result, however, permit of the adjustment of the rolls to accommodate any size of article to be rolled within their range of separation;

The special adjusting devices described, or others operating to substantially by adjusting the rolls after each pass, to ef- The method of driving the rolls which Ihave representedis a good one. It is, however,

as already stated, obvious that other driving machinery may be employed, or that the gears may be changed when the adjustment of the rolls is such as to occasion the separation of 1 the teeth of the crown-gears, in which event wheels having longer teeth are to be substituted, and several sizes of gears may be thus employed with the machine.

When a mandrel is employed, it may be driven at a speed greater or less than that of the rolls, and is, when so driven, preferably driven by a power independent of the power employed to drive the rolls.

The spiral or revolving progressive motion to which an ingot on a mandrel and with it the mandrel to which it for the time being adheres, or to which a tube or rod under process of reduction is subjected, prevents finningor irregularities of any kind, and therefore tends to produce a uniformly cylindric and very marketable product.

When a mandrel is employed, it may be extracted from the tube after rolling by stretching the tube by loosening the mandrel and by extracting the latter by any suitable means.

It is obvious that my'macliine is to be contradistinguished from a machine of the class hereinbefore referred to, in which two or three equal-sized rolls having concave working-faces have been arranged in a suitable housing obliquely side by side, or one over the other, or spirally, as it were, around a commoncentral imaginary longitudinal axis of the set, and in whioh the pass of the set is extended longitudinally between or through, so to speak, the

rolls, as in machines of the foregoing class. The bearing being only, as to each roll, upon a line, and each roll revolving in the same direction, the capacity for reduction is reduced to a minimum, and the machine adapted for straightening only; whereas in my machine, in which the rolls are disposed at as small an angle as possible, the rolls,as to their acting faces, completely encircle the tube and maintain it as if in a swage, instead of biting upon it in a series of longitudinal straight lines of pressure, between which lines there is no contact of the rolls with the tube, so that there is nothing to prevent the tube from spreading between the said lines of bite.

My rolls act in reducing the metal much as the rolls of ordinary rolling-mills, with, however, the advantage of a revolution being imparted to the tube, so as to cause the uniform reduction and truing of its surfaces.

While I have represented and herein described the set of rolls as being composed of a series consisting of but three rolls, it is yet proper for me to state that I do not restrict myself to the employment of a series consisting of but three rolls, as it will be obvious to any mechanic that four, five, or even a greater number of rolls may be, under suitable modifications of housing and means of adjustment, employed to produce the same result as that which I obtain by the use of the said three rolls. Of course a larger number of crownwheels would have to be employed, and many minor changes in the mounting and mode of adjustment of the parts would have to be resorted to; but, as is obvious, the feature of a set of concave-faced rolls, all of the rolls of which are arranged at an angle to each other, and eachroll at a common angle to its neighbor, so-that the concave surfaces of allof'the rolls form a circular pass, through which the article'to be-rolled is passed in a direction right -angular to the common face plane or axis of the set, and all of which rollsare'positively revolved in opposite directions, which is the most important feature of my invention, would be preserved in any such arrangement of increased series,

I do not claim or seek herein to cover in connection'with rolls of the character herein set forth, and which are provided with positive mechanism for driving them, the arrangement of the rolls themselves, or that of thehousing provided with segmental framing-plates, nor

yet that of the adjusting devices for-adjusting the journals of the rolls with respect to their framing-plates, as I have made these with this application- "Having thus described my invention, I claim' 1. In a machine for making tubes fromhollow metal ingots,or for reducing tubes or rods of metal, the combination of a series of three or more concave-faced rolls arranged at an angle to each other, and each roll at a common angle to its neighbors,so that the concave surfaces of all of the rolls form a circular pass, through which the article to be rolled is passed in a direction right angular to the common axis of the set, and-mechanism for revolving all of the rolls in opposite directions,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a machine for making tubes from hol-- low metal ingots, or forreducing tubes or rods of metal, the combination of a series of three or more concave-faced rolls arranged at an angle to each other, and each roll at a common angle to its neighbors, so that the concave surfaces of all of the rolls form a circular pass, through which the article to be rolled is passed in a direction right angular to the common axis of the set, frame plates for the journals of the rolls, and mechanism for revolving all of the rolls in opposite directions, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

-3. In a machine for making tubes from hollow metal-ingots, or for reducing tubes or rods of metal, the combination of a series of threeor more concave-faced rolls arranged at an angle to each other, and each roll at a common angle to its neighbors, so that the concave surfaces of all the rolls form a circular pass, through which the article to be rolled is passed in adirection right angular to the common axis of the set, frame-plates for the journals of the rolls, means for securing the fixed adjustment of the journals of the rolls with re'- spect to their frame-plates, the arrangement being thereby such that each set of rolls is capable of an independentadjustment, and

IIO

mechanism for revolving all of the rolls in opposite directions, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4:. In a machine for making tubes from hollow metal ing0ts,or for reducing tubes or rods of metal, the combination of a series of three or more concave-faced rolls arranged at an angle to each other, and each roll at a common angle to its neighbors, so that the concave surfaces of all of the rolls form a circular pass, through which the article to be rolled is passed in a direction right angular to the common axis of the set, frame-plates for the journals of the rolls, adj usting-arms connected with the journals of all of the rolls and with the framing, the arrangement being thereby-such that each set of rollsis capable of an independent adjustment, and mechanism for revolving all of the rolls in opposite directions, substantially as and for the purposes set i'orth.

In testimony whereof I havehereunto signed signed my name this 17th day of July, A. D. 1885.

STEPHEN P. M. TASKER.

In presence of- J. BONSALL TAYLOR, JOHN J oLLEY, Jr.

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