US331105A - William h - Google Patents
William h Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US331105A US331105A US331105DA US331105A US 331105 A US331105 A US 331105A US 331105D A US331105D A US 331105DA US 331105 A US331105 A US 331105A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- oxide
- magnetic
- electrotype
- plated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 88
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 46
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron(III) oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002659 electrodeposit Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000078 corrosive Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 231100001010 corrosive Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
- C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
Definitions
- My invention consists of a metallic object plated with magnetic oxide of iron. I have practically and successfully produced metallic objects thus plated by first electroplating the metallic object with iron in the ordinary way, and then converting the electro-deposit of iron into magnetic oxide of iron, one way of accomplishing which is to subject the ironplated object to an atmosphere of superheated steam. Other modes may suggest themselves to persons skilled in the art.
- the plating must be carefully conducted in order that the deposit may be bright and as smooth as the surface of the electrotype, because the beauty of the finish attained by the conversion of the deposited iron coat into magnetic oxide of iron depends largely on the character of the preliminary plating. I find that about an hours suspension in this bath produces a thick enough film of iron on the surface of the electrotype to serve the purpose of the final operation.
- the iron-coated electrotype is then introduced into a fire-proof muffle filled with an atmosphere of superheated steam at a temperature of from l000 to 1200 Fahrenheit. An exposure to this steam atmosphere of from five to seven minutes converts the iron coat on the surface of the electrotype into magnetic oxide of iron. Care must be exercised to so time the exposure to the steam atmosphere that the iron coat only is converted.
- the surface of the copper beneath the iron will be oxidized also, as a consequence of which the magneticoxide-of-iron coat or plating will lose its hold on the copper, and can be rubbed off easily.
- the magnetic-oxide-ofiron plating thus produced is very coherent, and has a steel bluish-black color, very attractive to the eye. Its hard and non-corrosive qualities are well known.
- My invention is applicable to all articles of manufacture and objects of art in metals that are susceptible of being coated with an electro-deposit of iron, which can afterward be converted into magnetic oxide without injury to the article itself.
- the plated coating described in that patent is of a character substantially different from my magnetic-oxide-of-iron coating.
Description
WVILLIAM H. WVINSLOW, OF BROOKLYN, NEWV YORK.
MAGNETIC- -OXIDE- OF- -IRON-PLATED WARE.
SPECIFICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 331,105, dated November 2%, 1885.
Application filed April 30, 1885. Serial No. 164,024. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may concern..-
Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. WINsLoW,
a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magnetic-Oxide-of Iron-Plated fare; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.
My invention consists of a metallic object plated with magnetic oxide of iron. I have practically and successfully produced metallic objects thus plated by first electroplating the metallic object with iron in the ordinary way, and then converting the electro-deposit of iron into magnetic oxide of iron, one way of accomplishing which is to subject the ironplated object to an atmosphere of superheated steam. Other modes may suggest themselves to persons skilled in the art.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I will proceed to describe it as applied to a copper electrotype. For ironplating-such as electrotype-I have used with very satisfactory results a bath prepared from a solution of twenty (20) parts of sal-ammoniac in one hundred (100) parts of water electrolyzed by the use of two wroughtiron plates for anode and cathode, respectively. The point of proper saturation of the bath having been reached, which may be as certained by the ordinary test method, the iron cathode is removed and the copper electrotype put in its place. The electrotype becomes rapidly covered with a deposit of iron. The plating must be carefully conducted in order that the deposit may be bright and as smooth as the surface of the electrotype, because the beauty of the finish attained by the conversion of the deposited iron coat into magnetic oxide of iron depends largely on the character of the preliminary plating. I find that about an hours suspension in this bath produces a thick enough film of iron on the surface of the electrotype to serve the purpose of the final operation. The iron-coated electrotype is then introduced into a fire-proof muffle filled with an atmosphere of superheated steam at a temperature of from l000 to 1200 Fahrenheit. An exposure to this steam atmosphere of from five to seven minutes converts the iron coat on the surface of the electrotype into magnetic oxide of iron. Care must be exercised to so time the exposure to the steam atmosphere that the iron coat only is converted. If the exposure be continued too long, the surface of the copper beneath the iron will be oxidized also, as a consequence of which the magneticoxide-of-iron coat or plating will lose its hold on the copper, and can be rubbed off easily. The magnetic-oxide-ofiron plating thus produced is very coherent, and has a steel bluish-black color, very attractive to the eye. Its hard and non-corrosive qualities are well known.
My invention is applicable to all articles of manufacture and objects of art in metals that are susceptible of being coated with an electro-deposit of iron, which can afterward be converted into magnetic oxide without injury to the article itself.
I am aware that metallic objects-letterpress electrotypes, for instance-have heretofore been plated with iron or steel; also, that objects of iron have heretofore been provided with a coating of magnetic oxide by a direct conversion of the surface of the iron object; but I believe that I am the first to have covered metallic objects with an electroplated coat of magnetic oxide of iron. I am also aware of United States patent No. 106,823.
The plated coating described in that patent is of a character substantially different from my magnetic-oxide-of-iron coating.
The herein-described art of covering metallic objects with an electroplated coat of magnetic oxide of iron is claimed in my application for a United States patent filed June 2, 188-1, Serial No. 133,617.
I claim as my invention An electroplated metallic object, the plated coat of which is magnetic oxide of iron, substantially as before set forth.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
WILLIAM H. WINSLOW.
Witnesses:
F. A. WINsLow, B. B. BRoWNn.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US331105A true US331105A (en) | 1885-11-24 |
Family
ID=2400206
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US331105D Expired - Lifetime US331105A (en) | William h |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US331105A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3349311A (en) * | 1965-10-14 | 1967-10-24 | William L Dudley | Control circuit for unsymmetrical power converter |
-
0
- US US331105D patent/US331105A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3349311A (en) * | 1965-10-14 | 1967-10-24 | William L Dudley | Control circuit for unsymmetrical power converter |
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