US3309110A - Occupant-propelled wheelchair - Google Patents

Occupant-propelled wheelchair Download PDF

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Publication number
US3309110A
US3309110A US487097A US48709765A US3309110A US 3309110 A US3309110 A US 3309110A US 487097 A US487097 A US 487097A US 48709765 A US48709765 A US 48709765A US 3309110 A US3309110 A US 3309110A
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Prior art keywords
wheelchair
force
bar
drive
propelling
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US487097A
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Donald L Buhner
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/02—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person
    • A61G5/021—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person having particular propulsion mechanisms
    • A61G5/022—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person having particular propulsion mechanisms acting on wheels, e.g. on tires or hand rims
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/02—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person
    • A61G5/021—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person having particular propulsion mechanisms
    • A61G5/023—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person having particular propulsion mechanisms acting directly on hubs or axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/02—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person
    • A61G5/024—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs propelled by the patient or disabled person having particular operating means
    • A61G5/025—Levers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/15—Intermittent grip type mechanical movement
    • Y10T74/1526—Oscillation or reciprocation to intermittent unidirectional motion
    • Y10T74/1553—Lever actuator
    • Y10T74/1555—Rotary driven element
    • Y10T74/1556—Multiple acting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to wheelchairs and in particular to a driving mechanism which can be operated by the occupants of such chairs.
  • the driving mechanism involves the use of a unique linkage arrangement whereby the occupant of the wheelchair can propel himself by applying a force in a direction opposite to the direction of travel.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a linkage arrangement which translates a horizontal force applied by a patient into a force upon the wheel of a wheelchair in order to propel the wheelchair.
  • Another object is to provide 4an arrangement which allows an incapacitated person to propel a wheelchair in any direction by applying a horizontal force to a linkage connected to a drive bar.
  • FIG. l shows one embodiment of the linkage arrangement for the drive mechanism, and the effect of activating the drive mechanism
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the linkage arrangement.
  • the structure of this propelling linkage involves a propelling bar 1 rigidly attached to a horizontal member 4.
  • the horizontal member 4 is pivotally mounted upon any appropriate support structure of the wheelchair.
  • this horizontal member 4 could be pivotally mounted upon the wheelchair leg 9 or upon the upright support structure for the wheelchair foot rest 10.
  • a center pin 2 is mounted upon the horizontal member 4.
  • a drive 'bar member 6 having an elongated slot 5 along its longitudinal axis is pivotally mounted upon the wheelchair axle as shown at point 11 of FIG. l.
  • a reversible drive dog 7 is pivotally mounted upon the drive bar member 6 at an appropriate position as to come into contact with the wheel of the chair.
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment.
  • a sliding clamp arrangement can be used in lieu of the center pin and elongated aperture combination.
  • a sliding clamp 12 mounted upon the horizontal member 4 ice engages the drive bar member 6 thereby allowing the drive bar member to slide within the confines of the clamp.
  • the elongated slot 5 is not necessary in this arrangement.
  • a Y-member 13 attached to the upper end of the propelling bar 1 allows the patient to impose a rearward pulling force upon the propelling bar by placing his wrist between the cradle of the Y-member. With this arrangement the patient need not have to grasp the propelling bar.
  • handle grips 14 are placed about the ears of the Y-member.
  • This propelling arrangement also uses reversible dogs 7. This allows the patient to cause either a rearward motion or forward motion to the wheels.
  • this invention allows the occupant of a wheelchair to propel himself about freely in all directions with a minimum amount of manual effort.
  • Both embodiments afford the patient the capability of maneuvering the chair in all directions.
  • To move backward the patient applies a forward pushing force to the propelling bar 1.
  • the linkage arrangement then would react to engage the drive dog against the wheel as to transmit a rearward force against the wheel.
  • a device to be mounted upon the axle and support structure of a wheelchair allowing an incapacitated person to apply force to the wheel of a wheelchair comprising:
  • a drive bar member having an elongated aperture along its longitudinal axis for engaging said center pin and allowing said center pin to travel generally downward, and having a pivotal mounting aperture at its lower end for mounting the drive bar member upon the axle of the wheelchair;
  • the device as defined in claim 1 further comprising a Y-member attached to the end of said propelling bar to allow the incapacitated person to apply a force to the propelling bar without gripping said propelling bar.
  • a device to be mounted upon the axle and support structure of a wheelchair allowing an incapacitated person to apply force to the wheel of a wheelchair comprising:
  • the means References Cited by the Examiner for engaging said drive bar member comprises a clamp UNITED STATES PATENTS mounted upon the horizontal member to allow the drive n bar member to slide within said clamp. 2,130,426 9/1938 Henderson ZOO-244 k5.
  • the device as set forth in claim 3 further comprising 5 2,643,898 6/1953 Everest et al ef 28o-240 a Y-member attached to the end of said propelling bar to 3,189,368 6/1965 Petersen 28o-242 allow the incapacitated person to apply a force to the KENNETH H' BETTS, Primary Examner

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)

Description

OCCUPANT-PROPELLED WHEELCHAIR Filed Sept. 13. 1965 INVENTOR DONALD BULMER a. AQ.
ATTORNEY United States Patent O 3,399,110 GCCUPANT-PRGPELLED WHEELCHAIR Donald L. Buhner, Westminster, Calif.
(5052 50i) Ave. E., Gal: Harbor, Wash. 98277) Filed Sept. 13, 1965, Ser. No. 487,097 Claims. (Cl. 280-242) The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.
This invention relates to wheelchairs and in particular to a driving mechanism which can be operated by the occupants of such chairs. Specifically the driving mechanism involves the use of a unique linkage arrangement whereby the occupant of the wheelchair can propel himself by applying a force in a direction opposite to the direction of travel.
In the past wheelchair drive arrangements have been used to provide the patient with a means of propelling himself without gripping the wheel or its rirn. Such systems included an actuating lever pivotally mounted upon the axle coacting with a drive dog arrangement. By gripping the actuating lever and applying force thereto, a patient could propel himself. To the incapacited patient incapable of reaching for the actuating lever, incapable of applying a gripping force to the lever, or both, this simple lever system was useless. This invention overcomes these difficulties by means of a linkage arrangements.
The object of this invention is to provide a linkage arrangement which translates a horizontal force applied by a patient into a force upon the wheel of a wheelchair in order to propel the wheelchair.
Another object is to provide 4an arrangement which allows an incapacitated person to propel a wheelchair in any direction by applying a horizontal force to a linkage connected to a drive bar.
Other objects will become apparent upon reading the specification and upon reference to the following drawings in which:
FIG. l shows one embodiment of the linkage arrangement for the drive mechanism, and the effect of activating the drive mechanism; and
FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the linkage arrangement.
In order to propel himself in a forward direction the occupant applies a force to a propelling bar 1 in a rearward direction as shown in FIG. 1. As the force is applied toward the occupant of the wheelchair the center pin 2 attached to the horizontal member 4 is forced in a generally downward direction along an elongated aperture 5 located along the longitudinal axis of the drive bar member 6. This downward force transmitted to the drive bar member 6 causes a reversible drive dog 7 mounted upon the drive bar member 6, to drive the wheel and chair in a forward direction.
The structure of this propelling linkage involves a propelling bar 1 rigidly attached to a horizontal member 4. The horizontal member 4 is pivotally mounted upon any appropriate support structure of the wheelchair. For example, this horizontal member 4 could be pivotally mounted upon the wheelchair leg 9 or upon the upright support structure for the wheelchair foot rest 10. A center pin 2 is mounted upon the horizontal member 4. A drive 'bar member 6 having an elongated slot 5 along its longitudinal axis is pivotally mounted upon the wheelchair axle as shown at point 11 of FIG. l. A reversible drive dog 7 is pivotally mounted upon the drive bar member 6 at an appropriate position as to come into contact with the wheel of the chair.
FIG. 2 shows another embodiment. A sliding clamp arrangement can be used in lieu of the center pin and elongated aperture combination. In this arrangement a sliding clamp 12 mounted upon the horizontal member 4 ice engages the drive bar member 6 thereby allowing the drive bar member to slide within the confines of the clamp. The elongated slot 5 is not necessary in this arrangement.
Quite often the occupant of the wheelchair cannot iirmly grasp the propelling bar 1 to transmit a rearward pulling force, which is translated into -a forward force on the wheels. A Y-member 13 attached to the upper end of the propelling bar 1 allows the patient to impose a rearward pulling force upon the propelling bar by placing his wrist between the cradle of the Y-member. With this arrangement the patient need not have to grasp the propelling bar. In order to afford the patient more comfort in using the Y-member arrangement and also to improve the adhesive characteristics of the Y-member, handle grips 14 are placed about the ears of the Y-member.
This propelling arrangement also uses reversible dogs 7. This allows the patient to cause either a rearward motion or forward motion to the wheels. Thus this invention allows the occupant of a wheelchair to propel himself about freely in all directions with a minimum amount of manual effort.
Both embodiments afford the patient the capability of maneuvering the chair in all directions. To move backward the patient applies a forward pushing force to the propelling bar 1. The linkage arrangement then would react to engage the drive dog against the wheel as to transmit a rearward force against the wheel. By providing this linkage arrangement for both wheels, and by selectively varying the force applied to the propelling bar the patient now has the capability of total mobility in all directions.
I claim:
1. A device to be mounted upon the axle and support structure of a wheelchair allowing an incapacitated person to apply force to the wheel of a wheelchair comprising:
(a) a horizontal member mounted upon the wheelchair support structure;
(b) a center pin mounted upon the horizontal member;
(c) a propelling bar attached to the horizontal member to which the incapacitated person applies a force;
(d) a drive bar member having an elongated aperture along its longitudinal axis for engaging said center pin and allowing said center pin to travel generally downward, and having a pivotal mounting aperture at its lower end for mounting the drive bar member upon the axle of the wheelchair; and
(e) a reversible dog mounted upon said drive bar member and coming into contact with the wheel of the chair to transmit the applied force to the wheel.
2. The device as defined in claim 1 further comprising a Y-member attached to the end of said propelling bar to allow the incapacitated person to apply a force to the propelling bar without gripping said propelling bar.
3. A device to be mounted upon the axle and support structure of a wheelchair allowing an incapacitated person to apply force to the wheel of a wheelchair comprising:
(a) a horizontal member having means for pivotally mounting said mernber to the support structure of the wheelchair;
(b) adrive bar member having means for pivotally mounting said drive bar member to the axle of the wheelchair;
(c) means for engaging said drive bar member, mounted upon said horizontal member to transmit a force upon said drive bar member;
(d) means for transmitting a force from said drive bar member to the wheel of the chair, mounted upon said' drive bar member; and
(e) a propelling bar connected to the horizontal member upon which 'an incapacitated person :applies a force.
ypropelling bar without gripping said propelling bar.
4. yThe device as described in claim 3 wherein the means References Cited by the Examiner for engaging said drive bar member comprises a clamp UNITED STATES PATENTS mounted upon the horizontal member to allow the drive n bar member to slide within said clamp. 2,130,426 9/1938 Henderson ZOO-244 k5. The device as set forth in claim 3 further comprising 5 2,643,898 6/1953 Everest et al ef 28o-240 a Y-member attached to the end of said propelling bar to 3,189,368 6/1965 Petersen 28o-242 allow the incapacitated person to apply a force to the KENNETH H' BETTS, Primary Examner

Claims (1)

1. A DEVICE TO BE MOUNTED UPON THE AXLE AND SUPPORT STRUCTURE OF A WHEELCHAIR ALLOWING AN INCAPACITATED PERSON TO APPLY FORCE TO THE WHEEL OF A WHEELCHAIR COMPRISING: (A) A HORIZONTAL MEMBER MOUNTED UPON THE WHEELCHAIR SUPPORT STRUCTURE; (B) A CENTER PIN MOUNTED UPON THE HORIZONTAL MEMBER; (C) A PROPELLING BAR ATTACHED TO THE HORIZONTAL MEMBER TO WHICH THE INCAPACITATED PERSON APPLIES A FORCE; (D) A DRIVE BAR MEMBER HAVING AN ELONGATED APERTURE
US487097A 1965-09-13 1965-09-13 Occupant-propelled wheelchair Expired - Lifetime US3309110A (en)

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Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3869146A (en) * 1973-02-08 1975-03-04 Donald L Bulmer Occupant actuated means for propelling, stopping, directing, and curb hopping a wheelchair
US4098521A (en) * 1976-08-09 1978-07-04 Reme Enterprises, Inc. Wheelchair adaptable for passage in narrow spaces
US4354691A (en) * 1979-08-31 1982-10-19 Queen's University At Kingston Wheel chair propulsion system
US4453729A (en) * 1982-09-20 1984-06-12 Lucken Wesley O Occupant propellable wheelchair
US4503724A (en) * 1982-02-24 1985-03-12 Ward Russell G Power transmission unit with oscillating drive and driven members
US4538826A (en) * 1983-06-17 1985-09-03 Paraid Limited Aid for propelling wheeled vehicles
US4840076A (en) * 1986-06-23 1989-06-20 The University Of Virginia Alumni Patents Foundation Lever drive apparatus
US4892323A (en) * 1988-10-27 1990-01-09 Oxford Stuart G All-terrain wheelchair
WO1990007316A1 (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-07-12 Avantech Pty. Limited Wheelchair propulsion means
US4993732A (en) * 1988-08-22 1991-02-19 Wedemeyer Helmut M R Detachable manual propulsion system
US5020818A (en) * 1988-10-27 1991-06-04 Oxford Stuart G All-terrain wheelchair
US5167168A (en) * 1990-05-02 1992-12-01 Revab B.V. Driving gear for a muscle power driven vehicle, such as a wheel chair
US5236398A (en) * 1992-08-03 1993-08-17 Franklin E. Barnett Wheelchair drive apparatus
US5312127A (en) * 1988-10-27 1994-05-17 Oxford Stuart G All-terrain wheelchair
US5540111A (en) * 1992-08-03 1996-07-30 Franklin E. Barnett Drive apparatus and method
US5683321A (en) * 1993-08-03 1997-11-04 Franklin E. Barnett Drive apparatus for converting linear motion to rotary motion
US6007082A (en) * 1993-11-19 1999-12-28 Watwood; Brian M. Wheelchair driver and braking system
US20050275190A1 (en) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-15 Pettit Frank P Wheelchair propulsion device
US20080073869A1 (en) * 2006-09-26 2008-03-27 Sam Harwell Patterson Human powered vehicle drive system
US20090267310A1 (en) * 2008-04-24 2009-10-29 Parkhurst Sr David L Wheelchair lift assist device
WO2013093156A1 (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Civiac Gimenez Jose Ramon Wheelchair with a mechanism for ascending steps
US20150182395A1 (en) * 2013-12-26 2015-07-02 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Manual wheelchair wheel handling device for the handicapped
US10076456B2 (en) * 2016-02-19 2018-09-18 Velochair Group Llc Mobile chair apparatus comprising foot pedals
US10124666B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2018-11-13 High Stone Technologies, LLC Wheelchair drive boost
US11052001B2 (en) 2018-03-23 2021-07-06 Velochair Group Llc Mobile chair apparatus comprising foot pedals

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2130426A (en) * 1937-01-22 1938-09-20 Henderson Donald Wheel chair drive
US2643898A (en) * 1948-06-25 1953-06-30 Herbert A Everest Self-propelled wheel chair
US3189368A (en) * 1963-12-23 1965-06-15 James F Petersen Wheel chair driver attachment

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2130426A (en) * 1937-01-22 1938-09-20 Henderson Donald Wheel chair drive
US2643898A (en) * 1948-06-25 1953-06-30 Herbert A Everest Self-propelled wheel chair
US3189368A (en) * 1963-12-23 1965-06-15 James F Petersen Wheel chair driver attachment

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3869146A (en) * 1973-02-08 1975-03-04 Donald L Bulmer Occupant actuated means for propelling, stopping, directing, and curb hopping a wheelchair
US4098521A (en) * 1976-08-09 1978-07-04 Reme Enterprises, Inc. Wheelchair adaptable for passage in narrow spaces
US4354691A (en) * 1979-08-31 1982-10-19 Queen's University At Kingston Wheel chair propulsion system
US4503724A (en) * 1982-02-24 1985-03-12 Ward Russell G Power transmission unit with oscillating drive and driven members
US4453729A (en) * 1982-09-20 1984-06-12 Lucken Wesley O Occupant propellable wheelchair
US4538826A (en) * 1983-06-17 1985-09-03 Paraid Limited Aid for propelling wheeled vehicles
US4840076A (en) * 1986-06-23 1989-06-20 The University Of Virginia Alumni Patents Foundation Lever drive apparatus
US4993732A (en) * 1988-08-22 1991-02-19 Wedemeyer Helmut M R Detachable manual propulsion system
US5312127A (en) * 1988-10-27 1994-05-17 Oxford Stuart G All-terrain wheelchair
US5020818A (en) * 1988-10-27 1991-06-04 Oxford Stuart G All-terrain wheelchair
US5149118A (en) * 1988-10-27 1992-09-22 Oxford Stuart G All-terrain wheelchair
US4892323A (en) * 1988-10-27 1990-01-09 Oxford Stuart G All-terrain wheelchair
WO1990007316A1 (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-07-12 Avantech Pty. Limited Wheelchair propulsion means
US5167168A (en) * 1990-05-02 1992-12-01 Revab B.V. Driving gear for a muscle power driven vehicle, such as a wheel chair
US5236398A (en) * 1992-08-03 1993-08-17 Franklin E. Barnett Wheelchair drive apparatus
US5351566A (en) * 1992-08-03 1994-10-04 Franklin E. Barnett Drive apparatus and method
US5540111A (en) * 1992-08-03 1996-07-30 Franklin E. Barnett Drive apparatus and method
US5683321A (en) * 1993-08-03 1997-11-04 Franklin E. Barnett Drive apparatus for converting linear motion to rotary motion
US6007082A (en) * 1993-11-19 1999-12-28 Watwood; Brian M. Wheelchair driver and braking system
US20050275190A1 (en) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-15 Pettit Frank P Wheelchair propulsion device
US7296811B2 (en) * 2004-06-10 2007-11-20 Pettit Frank P Wheelchair propulsion device
US20080073869A1 (en) * 2006-09-26 2008-03-27 Sam Harwell Patterson Human powered vehicle drive system
US20090267310A1 (en) * 2008-04-24 2009-10-29 Parkhurst Sr David L Wheelchair lift assist device
WO2013093156A1 (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Civiac Gimenez Jose Ramon Wheelchair with a mechanism for ascending steps
US20150182395A1 (en) * 2013-12-26 2015-07-02 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Manual wheelchair wheel handling device for the handicapped
US10124666B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2018-11-13 High Stone Technologies, LLC Wheelchair drive boost
US10315513B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2019-06-11 High Stone Technologies, LLC Wheelchair drive boost
US10076456B2 (en) * 2016-02-19 2018-09-18 Velochair Group Llc Mobile chair apparatus comprising foot pedals
US11052001B2 (en) 2018-03-23 2021-07-06 Velochair Group Llc Mobile chair apparatus comprising foot pedals

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