US3307961A - Method of producing air permeable sheet material - Google Patents

Method of producing air permeable sheet material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3307961A
US3307961A US325433A US32543363A US3307961A US 3307961 A US3307961 A US 3307961A US 325433 A US325433 A US 325433A US 32543363 A US32543363 A US 32543363A US 3307961 A US3307961 A US 3307961A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sheet material
coating
embossing
fabric
nob
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US325433A
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English (en)
Inventor
Stiehl Karl
Oberlander Klaus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Degussa GmbH filed Critical Degussa GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3307961A publication Critical patent/US3307961A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
    • D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0043—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers
    • D06N3/0054—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by their foraminous structure; Characteristics of the foamed layer or of cellular layers obtained by mechanical perforations
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
    • D06N3/0075—Napping, teasing, raising or abrading of the resin coating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0092—Non-continuous polymer coating on the fibrous substrate, e.g. plastic dots on fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2213/00—Others characteristics
    • D06N2213/04—Perforated layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]

Definitions

  • the textile carrier is damaged during the perforating or piercing operation.
  • the -opposing roll despite the use of special embossing rollers, is subject to strong wear.
  • the limited selection of designs is also of disadvantage.
  • the perforations give the products an unpleasant noticeably artificial appearance.
  • embossing and perforation are carried out as separate operations, it is impossible or very difficult to orient the perforations and the embossed design with respect to each other, especially when complicated designs ⁇ are concerned.
  • a process furthermore is known in which the coating on the fabric is pressed aside all the way down to such fabric in individual locations lwith the aid of especially deep stampings in order to attain a certain porosity.
  • the air permeability thus attained, especially with heavier qualities is only slight and in addition the bond and, under some circumstances, also the fabric are damaged.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive proc-ess f-or the production of a tear-resistant, flexible, weldable, perforated sheet material which is especially adapted as upholstery, coverings, linings, decoration and the like.
  • the sheet material according to the invention consists essentially of an open or wide meshed fiber structure as a base which is coated on one or both sides with la thermoplastic synthetic resin having spaced openings therein produced by stamping the synthetic resin coating so deeply that at least one side is provided with spaced hollow nob like protrusions and ⁇ then grinding or cutting off such protrusions.
  • the fabric base is sufficiently open meshed, that is, that a sufficient space is provided between the individual threads of, for example, one to several millimeters.
  • the fabric can, for example, be of :basket weave or netting weave with twist bond. With usual thread strengths of about 20 to 3000 denier, preferably about 1000 to 2G00 denier, a warp and Woof density of about 2 to l2 threads per centimeter, preferably about 5 threads per centimeter, should be em- 3,307,961 Patented Mar. 7, i967 ployed.
  • the threads preferably are multifilament therads and preferably are of synthetic fibers, such as, forexample,vof regenerated cellulose, polyamides, polyesters, such as polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polyacryloni- 5 trile, polycarbonates, or their copolymers, or other polymers customarily employed for the production ⁇ of'fib'ers.
  • Fibers of natural origin can also -be employed-for the fabric base.
  • Woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, or fabric fleeces which also mustbe of similarvwide lo meshed or open nature, can be employed as the fiber structure serving as the base for the thermoplastic resin coatingor covering.
  • The-stamping of the synthetic resin can be effected to produce the nob like protrusions on both sides of the sheet material but preferably on only one side thereof.
  • the deep stamping is effected simultaneously with the normal decorative graining or embossing operation with the laid of a suitably contoured embossing roll. Therefore the embossing roll in addition being provided with the usual embossing design is also Yprovided with spaced relatively long spurs and/or relatively deep depressions corresponding in numb-er and shape to the openings which are to be achieved.
  • spurs or depressions with reference to the usual embossing design being such that when a resilient opposing roll is employed hollow nob like protrusious are respectively either effected in the sheet material on the side opposite to the decorative design or the same side as the decorative design.
  • Such spurs can have any type of cross-section, but preferably are round, oval, angular or star-shaped and press thel resin coated fabric through suiciently far that nob like projections are provided, preferably on the reverse side from the side of the decorative embossed design, which projections can then be ground or cut off without dificulty, f-or example, in a subsequent operation with the aid of knife-, shearingor grinding rolls.
  • the roll opposing the embossing roll preferably is a rubber roll of not too great a hardness, for example, of a Shore hardness of 60-70".
  • back side of the sheet material is also coated with thermoplastic synthetic resin, such back side can also be embossed :after embossing the front side and cutting off the projections produced on such back side during the first embossing operation.
  • the embossing of the sheet material according to the invention preferably is carried out at temperatures within the thermoplastic ⁇ range of the resin employed for the coating.
  • embossing rolls which are preferably employed according to the invention, it is also possible to carry out the embossing discontinuously,
  • thermoplastic resins or resin mixtures especially, those containing plasticizers, suitable for the production of coatings and foils can be employed as the coating material according to the invention.
  • Coating masses based on plastisols of polyvinyl halides, such as those produced from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride or mixtures thereof, have proved particularly suited, as they permit the production of a material which is especially adapted to be welded.
  • the sheet materials produced according to the invention are especially adapted for upholstery, covering, decorations, linings and the like, particularly for the automotive industry. They combine good appearance, which can be improved with the use of colored or vari-colored resin coatings, with very good strength and mechanical resistance.
  • the air permeability is very good while permitting hard wear.
  • the type and density of the perforations employed permit wide variations in air permeability.
  • the material produced had the mechanical properties when the perforations t in well with the embossed deindicated in the following table in which K signifies in the sign which was produced in the same operation as prodirection of the warp and S signifies in the direction of vided for the location and shape of the perforations ultithe Woof. mately obtained in such material.
  • FIG. l diagrammatically discloses an apparatus suitaof the fabric base laterally rather than damage them ble for carrying out the process according to the invenwhenever such threads happened .to be in the path of such tion; and spurs.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top plan view of a sheet material pro- We claim: quizd according to the invention having the openings pro- 1.
  • a method of producing air permeable thermoplastic symbolized therein oriented with respect to the embossed desheet material reenforced with a liber fabric which comsign.. pris coating at least one side Aof an open meshed ber
  • a we-b 1 of open meshed fabric with a continuous coating of a thermoplastic synnetting is passed through coating tank 2 and the resulting thetic resin, embossing such coating at a temperature coated web 3 is passed through a heated gelling chamber within the thermoplastic range thereof with a decorative 4.
  • the heated gelled c-oated fabric is passed through an design while simultaneously in the same operation emembossing vcalender composed of embossing roll 5 pro- 45 bossing such coating so deeply as to provide spaced holvided with engraved design depressions 6 with spaced low nob like protrusons from at least one side .thereof spurs 6 and opposing vrubber roll 7.
  • embossed and removing such nob like protrusi-ons to provide spaced coated fabric which now has been provided with hollow openings in such sheet material. nob like projections 8 caused by spurs 6 after cooling 50 2.
  • Paraflin v0.31 Pigment Vand filler (titanium dioxide) 8.94 References Cited by the Examiner Dlblltyl till maietllle CL75 UNITED STATES PATENTS Thereafter the upper side of the associated netting and 2,817,595 12/1957 schuf 117 4 sheet was coated twice with a piastisol of the same com- 2,861,006 11 /1958 53,11111 117%11 X position so as to apply a total coating of 30G-400 g./m.2. 3,137,393 6/1954 Gdpke 117 4 X The composite structure was then heated and calendered.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US325433A 1963-04-18 1963-11-21 Method of producing air permeable sheet material Expired - Lifetime US3307961A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB15362/63A GB982105A (en) 1963-04-18 1963-04-18 Artificial leather

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3307961A true US3307961A (en) 1967-03-07

Family

ID=47558989

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US325433A Expired - Lifetime US3307961A (en) 1963-04-18 1963-11-21 Method of producing air permeable sheet material

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3307961A (xx)
BE (1) BE638200A (xx)
FR (1) FR1378345A (xx)
GB (1) GB982105A (xx)
NL (1) NL299684A (xx)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779786A (en) * 1972-01-14 1973-12-18 Eastman Kodak Co Method for manufacturing aperture cards
US3896248A (en) * 1972-10-10 1975-07-22 Paul E Scarpa Tennis marking tape and method of making same
US4353949A (en) * 1981-04-08 1982-10-12 The Celotex Corporation Embossable coating and method of producing embossed coated substrate
US4534994A (en) * 1983-05-03 1985-08-13 Gerhard Feld Process for making fine perforations in plastic sheeting and/or plastic or rubber coated sheet materials
US4732636A (en) * 1986-05-23 1988-03-22 International Business Machines Corporation Method for producing a prepreg having improved dimensional stability
US5370764A (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-12-06 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Apparatus for making film laminated material
US5667625A (en) * 1992-11-06 1997-09-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatus for forming a fibrous laminated material
US5817394A (en) * 1993-11-08 1998-10-06 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Fibrous laminated web and method and apparatus for making the same and absorbent articles incorporating the same
US20050217091A1 (en) * 2002-07-16 2005-10-06 Corovin Gmbh Thermobonded and perforated nonwoven
US20060128245A1 (en) * 2002-07-16 2006-06-15 Mathias Muth Device and method of liquid-permeable perforation of a nonwoven
US20140363625A1 (en) * 2013-06-11 2014-12-11 Chen-Cheng Huang Breathable and waterproof composite fabric
US10391736B2 (en) 2013-06-11 2019-08-27 Chen-Cheng Huang Breathable and waterproof composite fabric and a method of making the same

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2817596A (en) * 1955-03-29 1957-12-24 Olin Mathieson Perforated paper
US2861006A (en) * 1957-02-19 1958-11-18 Scholl Mfg Co Inc Adhesive tape and method of making the same
US3137893A (en) * 1954-12-06 1964-06-23 Kendall & Co Apparatus and process for making apertured non-woven fabrics
US3214502A (en) * 1960-08-08 1965-10-26 Kendall & Co Method and apparatus for making adhesive tapes

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3137893A (en) * 1954-12-06 1964-06-23 Kendall & Co Apparatus and process for making apertured non-woven fabrics
US2817596A (en) * 1955-03-29 1957-12-24 Olin Mathieson Perforated paper
US2861006A (en) * 1957-02-19 1958-11-18 Scholl Mfg Co Inc Adhesive tape and method of making the same
US3214502A (en) * 1960-08-08 1965-10-26 Kendall & Co Method and apparatus for making adhesive tapes

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3779786A (en) * 1972-01-14 1973-12-18 Eastman Kodak Co Method for manufacturing aperture cards
US3896248A (en) * 1972-10-10 1975-07-22 Paul E Scarpa Tennis marking tape and method of making same
US4353949A (en) * 1981-04-08 1982-10-12 The Celotex Corporation Embossable coating and method of producing embossed coated substrate
US4534994A (en) * 1983-05-03 1985-08-13 Gerhard Feld Process for making fine perforations in plastic sheeting and/or plastic or rubber coated sheet materials
US4732636A (en) * 1986-05-23 1988-03-22 International Business Machines Corporation Method for producing a prepreg having improved dimensional stability
US5370764A (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-12-06 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Apparatus for making film laminated material
US5580418A (en) * 1992-11-06 1996-12-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Apparatus for making film laminated material
US5667625A (en) * 1992-11-06 1997-09-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatus for forming a fibrous laminated material
US5667619A (en) * 1992-11-06 1997-09-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for making a fibrous laminated web
US5817394A (en) * 1993-11-08 1998-10-06 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Fibrous laminated web and method and apparatus for making the same and absorbent articles incorporating the same
US20050217091A1 (en) * 2002-07-16 2005-10-06 Corovin Gmbh Thermobonded and perforated nonwoven
US20060128245A1 (en) * 2002-07-16 2006-06-15 Mathias Muth Device and method of liquid-permeable perforation of a nonwoven
US7192392B2 (en) * 2002-07-16 2007-03-20 Corovin Gmbh Thermobonded and perforated nonwoven
US7386924B2 (en) 2002-07-16 2008-06-17 Fiberweb Corovin Gmbh Perforation device
US20140363625A1 (en) * 2013-06-11 2014-12-11 Chen-Cheng Huang Breathable and waterproof composite fabric
US9713914B2 (en) * 2013-06-11 2017-07-25 Chen-Cheng Huang Breathable and waterproof composite fabric
US10391736B2 (en) 2013-06-11 2019-08-27 Chen-Cheng Huang Breathable and waterproof composite fabric and a method of making the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE638200A (xx) 1900-01-01
FR1378345A (fr) 1964-11-13
NL299684A (xx) 1900-01-01
GB982105A (en) 1965-02-03

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